基于ESB的SOA架构技术的研究与应用
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摘要
面向服务体系结构是一个组件模型,它将应用程序的不同功能单元抽象为服务,并将这些服务通过定义良好的接口和契约联系起来。为了优化企业的信息系统基础架构,以实现面向服务的体系结构,企业需要一个智能化的基础设施,以降低服务重用的复杂性,并可靠地集成企业信息系统中存在的各种技术、协议和应用。为此,需要建立一个以服务为中心的抽象层,以隐藏各种应用和技术带来的底层复杂性,这个服务中间层就是企业服务总线(Enterprise Service Bus,ESB)。
本文首先介绍了SOA相关技术和理论基础,分析了SOA的特性;其次,引出了企业服务总线模型,指明为何采用ESB技术来构建SOA,并对企业服务总线中的内部机制进行了深入的研究;再次,以J2EE技术为切入点,提出了基于ESB的一种SOA架构参考模型,它的主要优点在于:服务透明化和服务的松散耦合;最后,对这个SOA架构进行了扩展,使其能面向不同的技术、协议和应用,整合各种信息资源。
文章最后,通过比较当前ESB产品,最终选择BEA的AquaLogic ServerBus(ALSB)来构建SOA架构。在论文中,结合一个实际的项目,对上文提出的基于ESB的SOA架构进行了实践应用。在系统实施过程中,通过服务设计、服务的实现,在服务总线上的部署和使用,以及系统功能和性能的验证,实现了服务透明化,服务的松散耦合,服务的集中管理,基于内容动态路由服务以及更好的服务重用,体现了这种SOA架构的优越性以及构建企业级应用的灵活性和快捷性。并从中总结了不足和相关经验,为后继工作奠定了基础。
Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a component model that inter-relates an application's different functional units, called services, through well-defined interfaces and contracts between these services.To optimize the IT infrastructure and deliver the service in time to make the SOA possible, IT forum needs an intelligent structure to reduce the complexity of the service reusability, and to integrate all technologies, protocols and applications. For this reason, the IT forum creates an abstract layer focus on the "service" to reduce the underlying complexity by integrating all applications and technologies.Such a layer for services is called Enterprise Service Bus(ESB).
Firstly , the thesis shows the technology and theoretical foundation about SOA,and also analyzes the character of SOA;Secondly, the model of ESB is introduced that why to design SOA in using ESB is pointed out, and ESB's work mechanism is deeply researched. Thirdly,a SOA reference model based on ESB is given by J2EE technology as an cut-off point, the SOA atchitecture's centeral virtue is the server transparency and loosely coupling;Finally,the SOA architecture is extended to integrate all kinds of information resources, making it face different technologies, protocols,and applications.
At last, comparing with other ESB products,the thesis selects AquaLogic Service Bus that is produced by Bea. The paper tells us the application of the SOA architecture based on ESB by combining an actual project. In the process of implementing system, by designing, implementing service and deploying service in service bus, then validating system function and capability, the paper implements location's transparency,server's loosely coupling , server's pool management, content-based dynamic routing and much better server'reuse, it reflects the character of the flexibility and shortcut in designing enterprise application. And the experience and disadvantages of the system are summarized, which settled the base of succeeding jobs.
本文首先介绍了SOA相关技术和理论基础,分析了SOA的特性;其次,引出了企业服务总线模型,指明为何采用ESB技术来构建SOA,并对企业服务总线中的内部机制进行了深入的研究;再次,以J2EE技术为切入点,提出了基于ESB的一种SOA架构参考模型,它的主要优点在于:服务透明化和服务的松散耦合;最后,对这个SOA架构进行了扩展,使其能面向不同的技术、协议和应用,整合各种信息资源。
文章最后,通过比较当前ESB产品,最终选择BEA的AquaLogic ServerBus(ALSB)来构建SOA架构。在论文中,结合一个实际的项目,对上文提出的基于ESB的SOA架构进行了实践应用。在系统实施过程中,通过服务设计、服务的实现,在服务总线上的部署和使用,以及系统功能和性能的验证,实现了服务透明化,服务的松散耦合,服务的集中管理,基于内容动态路由服务以及更好的服务重用,体现了这种SOA架构的优越性以及构建企业级应用的灵活性和快捷性。并从中总结了不足和相关经验,为后继工作奠定了基础。
Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a component model that inter-relates an application's different functional units, called services, through well-defined interfaces and contracts between these services.To optimize the IT infrastructure and deliver the service in time to make the SOA possible, IT forum needs an intelligent structure to reduce the complexity of the service reusability, and to integrate all technologies, protocols and applications. For this reason, the IT forum creates an abstract layer focus on the "service" to reduce the underlying complexity by integrating all applications and technologies.Such a layer for services is called Enterprise Service Bus(ESB).
Firstly , the thesis shows the technology and theoretical foundation about SOA,and also analyzes the character of SOA;Secondly, the model of ESB is introduced that why to design SOA in using ESB is pointed out, and ESB's work mechanism is deeply researched. Thirdly,a SOA reference model based on ESB is given by J2EE technology as an cut-off point, the SOA atchitecture's centeral virtue is the server transparency and loosely coupling;Finally,the SOA architecture is extended to integrate all kinds of information resources, making it face different technologies, protocols,and applications.
At last, comparing with other ESB products,the thesis selects AquaLogic Service Bus that is produced by Bea. The paper tells us the application of the SOA architecture based on ESB by combining an actual project. In the process of implementing system, by designing, implementing service and deploying service in service bus, then validating system function and capability, the paper implements location's transparency,server's loosely coupling , server's pool management, content-based dynamic routing and much better server'reuse, it reflects the character of the flexibility and shortcut in designing enterprise application. And the experience and disadvantages of the system are summarized, which settled the base of succeeding jobs.
引文
[1]Liang-Jie Zhang,SOA and Web Services,Services Computing,2006.SCC '06.IEEE International Conference on.
[2]Ricky E.Sward,Using Ada in a Service-Oriented Architecture,IEEE Internet Computing,Vol.9.no.4,2005,pp.89-91.
[3]Xie Dan,Ying Shi,Zhang Tao,Jia Xiang-Yang,Liang Zao-Qing,Yao Jun-Feng,An Approach for Describing SOA,Wireless Communications,Networking and Mobile Computing,2006.WiCOM 2006.International Conference on.
[4]BEA技术白皮书-AquaLogic Service Bus,http://www.bea.com/framework.jsp?CNT=index,htm&FP=/content/produ cts/aqualogic/service_bus.
[5]Bobby Woolf,Why do developers need an Enterprise Service Bus?IBM developerWorks,2005.
[6]徐远,张育平副教授,计算机应用技术,基于面向服务体系结构的企业服务总线研究与实现,南京航空航天大学.
[7]李英军,马晓星,蔡敏等,设计模式:可复用面向对象软件的基础,机械工业出版社,2004.9.
[8]面向服务的分析与设计理,http://www-900.ibm.com/developerworks /cn/webservices/ws-soadl/,2004.
[9]Cheng-Chou Lee and Ju-Hong Lee,Service-oriented architecture definition,http://www.service-Architecturecom/web-service/articl e/service-oriented_architechture_soa_definition.html,2005.
[10]Y.zhang and K.-J.Lin.Hierarchical management of service accountability in service oriented architectures.In IEEE In-ternational Conference on Service-Oriented Computing and Applications(SOCA'07),June 2007.
[11]精通SOA:基于服务总线的Struts+EJB+Web Service整合应用开发,电子工业出版社,梁爱虎.
[12]W.T.Tsai,Chun Fan,Yinong Chen,Ray Paul "DDSOS" A Dynamic Distributed Service-Oriented Simulation Framework" Proceedings ofthe 39th annual Symposiumon Simulation,2006,pp.160-167.
[13]IBM.用SLA保证第二代Web服务应用程序.http://www.ibm.com/developer-work/cn/webservices/ws-wssla/,2004.
[14]IBM.用SLA保证第二代Web服务应用程序.http://www.ibm.com/developer-work/cn/webservices/ws-wssla/,2004.
[15]李慧盈,李德昌,段羽.利用J2EE构建XML Web Service的研究.计算机工程与应用,2004,(5):128-130.
[16]杨涛,刘锦德.Web Service技术综述-一种面向服务的分布式计算模式.计算机应用,2004,(8):1-4.
[17]杨涛,刘锦德.Web Service技术综述-一种面向服务的分布式计算模式.计算机应用,2004,(8):1-4.
[18]W3C.XSL Transformations(XSLT)Versionl.0.http://www.w3c.org/TR/Xslt,1999.
[19]http://www.w3schools.com/Scbema/scbema_elements_ref.asp.
[20]Zhaohui W.S.,Deng Y.Li,."Introducing EAI and Service Components into Process Management" Proceedings ofthe 2004 IEEE Int.Conf.on Services Computing(SCC'04).
[21]用企业服务总线(ESB)对SOA的改进与应用,重庆大学,硕士学位论文,杨丹教授.
[22]F.A.Aagesen,C.Anutariya,M.M.Shiaa,B.E.Helvik,P.Supadulchai,"A Dynamic Configuration Architecture",Network Operations and Management Symposium,Vol.1,2004,pp.893-894.
[23]东方通科技。企业应用集成的现状和发展趋势.http://www.tongtech.com/js-qy/yqxwview.asp?id=475,2005.
[24]Marc-Thomas Schmidt.An introduction to the Enterprise Service Bus's patterns.http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/webservices /library/ws-soa-progmodel4/index.html[EB/OL].July 2005.
[25]ERASALAN,YEND,etal.Enterprise application integration in the electronic commerce world.Computer Standards &Interfaces,2003.2.5.
[26]张柯.企业服务总线解决方案剖析(3):利用WBI 5实现ESB.http:// www- 128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-esb3/[EB/OL].2005.1.7.
[27]M.-T.Schmidt,B.Hutchison,P.Lambros,R.Phippen,The Enterprise Service Bus:Making service-oriented architecture real,http://ieeexplore,ieee.org/search/freesearchresult.jsp?hist ory=yes&queryText=SOA.
[28]Senior Technical Staff Member,IBM Software Group,Exploring the Enterprise Service Bus,Part 1 Discover how an ESB can help you meet the requirements for your SOA solution,http://www,chineselinuxuniversity,net/courses/application/articl es/7144,shtml.
[29]谢小轩.典型的企业应用集成方法介绍[J].ATM企业资源管理研究2003.11:43-47.
[30]J2EE Management Specification - Final Release,http://java.sun.com/j2ee/tools/management/downloads/index.html.
[31]Meyer,J.F,Service Oriented Architecture(SOA)Migration Strategy for U.S.Operational Naval Meteorology and Oceanography (METOC),http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/search /freesearchresult.jsp?history=yes&queryText=SOA.
[32]Enterprise JavaBeans 1.1 Documentation,http://java.sun.com /products/ejb/docs.html.
[33]J2EE概念,“中程在线”,http://www.itisedu.com/phrase /200603091447335.html.
[34]精通SOA:基于服务总线Struts+EJB+Web Service整合应用开发,飞斯科产品研发中心,电子工业出版社,梁爱虎.
[35]Hibetnate Reference Documentation,http://www.hibernate.org /5.html#A2.
[36]Martin Keen,et al.Patterns:Implementing an SOA Using an Enterprise Service Bus,IBM redbook,2004,ISBN 0738490008.http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/SG246346.html.
[37]RFC 1661(rfc1661)-The Point-to-Point Protocol(PPP),http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1661.html.
[38]Anand,Sriram,Padmanabhuni,Srinivas,“Perspectives on service oriented architecture”,2005 IEEE International Conference onServices Computing,SCC 2005,v Ⅱ.
[39]D.F.Ferguson,M.L.Stockton,Service-orientedarchitecture:Programming model and product architecture,http://ieeexplore.ieee.org /search /freesearchresult.jsp?history=yes&queryText=SOA.
[40]Sebastian Kiesel,Michael Scharf.Modeling and performance evaluation of transport protocols for firewall control,http://acm.lib.tsinghua.edu.cn/acm/Detail.nsp.
[41]王豫,谷建华,张海辉.一种新的企业服务总线架构设计方案[J].微电子学与计算机,2007,42(3):105-107.
[42]基于ESB的企业应用集成技术研究与应用,中南大学,硕士学位论文,指导老师:李建华.
[43]BEA AquaLogic Service Bus简介,http://tech.51cto.com/art/200601/19830.htm.
[44]用 SLA 保证 Web 服务,http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-sla.
[45]http://dev2dev.bea.com.cn/bbs/index.jspa,BEA dev2dev 在线技术论坛.
[46]BEA AquaLogic Service Bus 教程简介,http://edocs.bea.com.cn/alsb/docs26/tutorial/tutIntro.html.
[47]BEA AquaLogic Product家族白皮书(英文)http://www.bea.com.cn/products/BEAAquaLogic/index.jsp.
[48]AquaLogic Service Bus(ALSB),www.mpinfo.com.tw/pdffile/AquaLogic%20Service%20Bus.pdf.
[49]Jeff Davies,The Definition Guide to SOA:BEA AquaLogic Service Bus.
[50]KouichiOno,YuichiNakamura,FumikoSatoh,TakaakiTateishi,Verifying the Consistencyof Security Policiesby Abstracting into Security Types,TokyoResearch Laboratory,IBM ResearchLAB-S771623-14Shimotsuruma,Yamato-shi,Kanagawa,242-8502Japanonono,nakamury,s fumiko,tate@jp.ibm.com.
[51]计算机世界.Microsoft力推ESB替代技术,2005.9.
[2]Ricky E.Sward,Using Ada in a Service-Oriented Architecture,IEEE Internet Computing,Vol.9.no.4,2005,pp.89-91.
[3]Xie Dan,Ying Shi,Zhang Tao,Jia Xiang-Yang,Liang Zao-Qing,Yao Jun-Feng,An Approach for Describing SOA,Wireless Communications,Networking and Mobile Computing,2006.WiCOM 2006.International Conference on.
[4]BEA技术白皮书-AquaLogic Service Bus,http://www.bea.com/framework.jsp?CNT=index,htm&FP=/content/produ cts/aqualogic/service_bus.
[5]Bobby Woolf,Why do developers need an Enterprise Service Bus?IBM developerWorks,2005.
[6]徐远,张育平副教授,计算机应用技术,基于面向服务体系结构的企业服务总线研究与实现,南京航空航天大学.
[7]李英军,马晓星,蔡敏等,设计模式:可复用面向对象软件的基础,机械工业出版社,2004.9.
[8]面向服务的分析与设计理,http://www-900.ibm.com/developerworks /cn/webservices/ws-soadl/,2004.
[9]Cheng-Chou Lee and Ju-Hong Lee,Service-oriented architecture definition,http://www.service-Architecturecom/web-service/articl e/service-oriented_architechture_soa_definition.html,2005.
[10]Y.zhang and K.-J.Lin.Hierarchical management of service accountability in service oriented architectures.In IEEE In-ternational Conference on Service-Oriented Computing and Applications(SOCA'07),June 2007.
[11]精通SOA:基于服务总线的Struts+EJB+Web Service整合应用开发,电子工业出版社,梁爱虎.
[12]W.T.Tsai,Chun Fan,Yinong Chen,Ray Paul "DDSOS" A Dynamic Distributed Service-Oriented Simulation Framework" Proceedings ofthe 39th annual Symposiumon Simulation,2006,pp.160-167.
[13]IBM.用SLA保证第二代Web服务应用程序.http://www.ibm.com/developer-work/cn/webservices/ws-wssla/,2004.
[14]IBM.用SLA保证第二代Web服务应用程序.http://www.ibm.com/developer-work/cn/webservices/ws-wssla/,2004.
[15]李慧盈,李德昌,段羽.利用J2EE构建XML Web Service的研究.计算机工程与应用,2004,(5):128-130.
[16]杨涛,刘锦德.Web Service技术综述-一种面向服务的分布式计算模式.计算机应用,2004,(8):1-4.
[17]杨涛,刘锦德.Web Service技术综述-一种面向服务的分布式计算模式.计算机应用,2004,(8):1-4.
[18]W3C.XSL Transformations(XSLT)Versionl.0.http://www.w3c.org/TR/Xslt,1999.
[19]http://www.w3schools.com/Scbema/scbema_elements_ref.asp.
[20]Zhaohui W.S.,Deng Y.Li,."Introducing EAI and Service Components into Process Management" Proceedings ofthe 2004 IEEE Int.Conf.on Services Computing(SCC'04).
[21]用企业服务总线(ESB)对SOA的改进与应用,重庆大学,硕士学位论文,杨丹教授.
[22]F.A.Aagesen,C.Anutariya,M.M.Shiaa,B.E.Helvik,P.Supadulchai,"A Dynamic Configuration Architecture",Network Operations and Management Symposium,Vol.1,2004,pp.893-894.
[23]东方通科技。企业应用集成的现状和发展趋势.http://www.tongtech.com/js-qy/yqxwview.asp?id=475,2005.
[24]Marc-Thomas Schmidt.An introduction to the Enterprise Service Bus's patterns.http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/webservices /library/ws-soa-progmodel4/index.html[EB/OL].July 2005.
[25]ERASALAN,YEND,etal.Enterprise application integration in the electronic commerce world.Computer Standards &Interfaces,2003.2.5.
[26]张柯.企业服务总线解决方案剖析(3):利用WBI 5实现ESB.http:// www- 128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-esb3/[EB/OL].2005.1.7.
[27]M.-T.Schmidt,B.Hutchison,P.Lambros,R.Phippen,The Enterprise Service Bus:Making service-oriented architecture real,http://ieeexplore,ieee.org/search/freesearchresult.jsp?hist ory=yes&queryText=SOA.
[28]Senior Technical Staff Member,IBM Software Group,Exploring the Enterprise Service Bus,Part 1 Discover how an ESB can help you meet the requirements for your SOA solution,http://www,chineselinuxuniversity,net/courses/application/articl es/7144,shtml.
[29]谢小轩.典型的企业应用集成方法介绍[J].ATM企业资源管理研究2003.11:43-47.
[30]J2EE Management Specification - Final Release,http://java.sun.com/j2ee/tools/management/downloads/index.html.
[31]Meyer,J.F,Service Oriented Architecture(SOA)Migration Strategy for U.S.Operational Naval Meteorology and Oceanography (METOC),http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/search /freesearchresult.jsp?history=yes&queryText=SOA.
[32]Enterprise JavaBeans 1.1 Documentation,http://java.sun.com /products/ejb/docs.html.
[33]J2EE概念,“中程在线”,http://www.itisedu.com/phrase /200603091447335.html.
[34]精通SOA:基于服务总线Struts+EJB+Web Service整合应用开发,飞斯科产品研发中心,电子工业出版社,梁爱虎.
[35]Hibetnate Reference Documentation,http://www.hibernate.org /5.html#A2.
[36]Martin Keen,et al.Patterns:Implementing an SOA Using an Enterprise Service Bus,IBM redbook,2004,ISBN 0738490008.http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/SG246346.html.
[37]RFC 1661(rfc1661)-The Point-to-Point Protocol(PPP),http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1661.html.
[38]Anand,Sriram,Padmanabhuni,Srinivas,“Perspectives on service oriented architecture”,2005 IEEE International Conference onServices Computing,SCC 2005,v Ⅱ.
[39]D.F.Ferguson,M.L.Stockton,Service-orientedarchitecture:Programming model and product architecture,http://ieeexplore.ieee.org /search /freesearchresult.jsp?history=yes&queryText=SOA.
[40]Sebastian Kiesel,Michael Scharf.Modeling and performance evaluation of transport protocols for firewall control,http://acm.lib.tsinghua.edu.cn/acm/Detail.nsp.
[41]王豫,谷建华,张海辉.一种新的企业服务总线架构设计方案[J].微电子学与计算机,2007,42(3):105-107.
[42]基于ESB的企业应用集成技术研究与应用,中南大学,硕士学位论文,指导老师:李建华.
[43]BEA AquaLogic Service Bus简介,http://tech.51cto.com/art/200601/19830.htm.
[44]用 SLA 保证 Web 服务,http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-sla.
[45]http://dev2dev.bea.com.cn/bbs/index.jspa,BEA dev2dev 在线技术论坛.
[46]BEA AquaLogic Service Bus 教程简介,http://edocs.bea.com.cn/alsb/docs26/tutorial/tutIntro.html.
[47]BEA AquaLogic Product家族白皮书(英文)http://www.bea.com.cn/products/BEAAquaLogic/index.jsp.
[48]AquaLogic Service Bus(ALSB),www.mpinfo.com.tw/pdffile/AquaLogic%20Service%20Bus.pdf.
[49]Jeff Davies,The Definition Guide to SOA:BEA AquaLogic Service Bus.
[50]KouichiOno,YuichiNakamura,FumikoSatoh,TakaakiTateishi,Verifying the Consistencyof Security Policiesby Abstracting into Security Types,TokyoResearch Laboratory,IBM ResearchLAB-S771623-14Shimotsuruma,Yamato-shi,Kanagawa,242-8502Japanonono,nakamury,s fumiko,tate@jp.ibm.com.
[51]计算机世界.Microsoft力推ESB替代技术,2005.9.