基于DSP的数字音频处理系统的设计与实现
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摘要
数字信号处理是伴随数值计算技术和计算机技术的发展而迅速发展起来的新兴学科,特别是数字信号处理器(DSP)的出现,使其理论得以广泛应用于实际系统之中。
MPEG 1-LAYERS是MPEG-1国际标准音频(ISO/IEC 11172)第三层编码/解码算法,它具有压缩比例高,还原音质好等诸多优点。利用这种标准制作的MP3格式音乐,己经在网络上得到极大流行。但是目前市场上的MP3播放器大都是基于专用ASIC,因此存在着功能单一,灵活性不够的特点。
基于以上背景,提出了基于定点DSP的MP3解码系统设计与实现的研究课题,本课题的主要目标就是以TI公司的定点DSP为核心,研究MP3硬件解码的快速算法及在定点DSP芯片上的实现。
本论文详细叙述了论文作者设计研制的一种基于DSP的数字音频系统。该系统以TMS320C5402(DSP)为中央处理器,可完成MP3音频数字信号的分析和处理,并通过CODEC芯片实现对外界模拟音频信号的采集和发送。该系统配有大容量FLASH和硬盘,用于程序和音频数据的存储,128K字节高速RAM作为数据缓冲区。同时,通过USB控制芯片完成系统与PC机之间的数据通信。
论文对ISO/IEC 11172标准中的LayerⅢ音频算法和基本原理进行了介绍。在对关键解压算法技术,如霍夫曼解码,反量化的快速算法进行深入研究的基础上,提出基于DSP汇编语言的快速算法实现方案验证,该系统可实现MPEG-1 LaverⅢ音频解码功能,并获得了良好的音乐质量。说明系统设计合理,算法实现正确。
Digital signal processing is a new subject that improves quickly together with numerical computer technology and computer technology. Especially with appearance of Digital Signal Processor (DSP), its theory is applied widely to practical systems.
MPEG-1 LAYERS describes the 3th Layers digital audio algorithms of the MPEG organization, and it has high compression and excellent audio ofquality.Themusic that compressed in this audio format has been very polular on the Internet .But most of the mp3 decoder is of defined-used ASIC,so there is lack of flexibility and upgrade.
On the basis of above background, we advance that the designing and realizing of Fixed-point DSP Based MP3 Decode System. The goal of the thesis was to establish a hardware system which use a popular digital signal processor to decode the mp3 music.
This paper describes on how to design a digital audio system based on TI'TMS 320C 54x DSP series. This system can accomplish analysis and processing of MP3 audio digital signals as well as sampling and transmitting external analog audio signals through CODEC. It also includes Flash and hard disk to store programs and data, 128K-Byte RAM as data buffer, usb controller to realize communication between system and PC.
This paper gives a brief explanation of principle and algorithm of Layer III in international standard ISO/IEC11172. Especially give more detailed explanation about the key techniques, such as Huffman decoding and requantize, and bring forward the optimization schemes about them according to DSP assembly language.
MPEG 1-LAYERS是MPEG-1国际标准音频(ISO/IEC 11172)第三层编码/解码算法,它具有压缩比例高,还原音质好等诸多优点。利用这种标准制作的MP3格式音乐,己经在网络上得到极大流行。但是目前市场上的MP3播放器大都是基于专用ASIC,因此存在着功能单一,灵活性不够的特点。
基于以上背景,提出了基于定点DSP的MP3解码系统设计与实现的研究课题,本课题的主要目标就是以TI公司的定点DSP为核心,研究MP3硬件解码的快速算法及在定点DSP芯片上的实现。
本论文详细叙述了论文作者设计研制的一种基于DSP的数字音频系统。该系统以TMS320C5402(DSP)为中央处理器,可完成MP3音频数字信号的分析和处理,并通过CODEC芯片实现对外界模拟音频信号的采集和发送。该系统配有大容量FLASH和硬盘,用于程序和音频数据的存储,128K字节高速RAM作为数据缓冲区。同时,通过USB控制芯片完成系统与PC机之间的数据通信。
论文对ISO/IEC 11172标准中的LayerⅢ音频算法和基本原理进行了介绍。在对关键解压算法技术,如霍夫曼解码,反量化的快速算法进行深入研究的基础上,提出基于DSP汇编语言的快速算法实现方案验证,该系统可实现MPEG-1 LaverⅢ音频解码功能,并获得了良好的音乐质量。说明系统设计合理,算法实现正确。
Digital signal processing is a new subject that improves quickly together with numerical computer technology and computer technology. Especially with appearance of Digital Signal Processor (DSP), its theory is applied widely to practical systems.
MPEG-1 LAYERS describes the 3th Layers digital audio algorithms of the MPEG organization, and it has high compression and excellent audio ofquality.Themusic that compressed in this audio format has been very polular on the Internet .But most of the mp3 decoder is of defined-used ASIC,so there is lack of flexibility and upgrade.
On the basis of above background, we advance that the designing and realizing of Fixed-point DSP Based MP3 Decode System. The goal of the thesis was to establish a hardware system which use a popular digital signal processor to decode the mp3 music.
This paper describes on how to design a digital audio system based on TI'TMS 320C 54x DSP series. This system can accomplish analysis and processing of MP3 audio digital signals as well as sampling and transmitting external analog audio signals through CODEC. It also includes Flash and hard disk to store programs and data, 128K-Byte RAM as data buffer, usb controller to realize communication between system and PC.
This paper gives a brief explanation of principle and algorithm of Layer III in international standard ISO/IEC11172. Especially give more detailed explanation about the key techniques, such as Huffman decoding and requantize, and bring forward the optimization schemes about them according to DSP assembly language.
引文
[1]Jerry D.Gibson Toby Berger等,朱山风等译.多媒体数字压缩原理与标准,电子工业出版社,2001年6月
[2]ISO/IEC JTCl/SC29/WG11 MPEG IS11172-3,Coding of moving pictur and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1Mbit/s part3:audio(1993)
[3]K.Brandenburg and G.Stoll.ISO-MPEG-1 Audio:A Genetic Standarc For Coding of High-Quality Digital Audio.J.Audio Eng.Soc.vol42,No.10.p780-792October 1994
[4]余崇智,李存珠等,运动图像及其伴音的压缩与编码一 MPEG1,南京大学出版社,1995
[5]ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 MPEG-2 Genetic coding of moving pictures aassociated audio information.October 2000
[6]ISO/IEC JTCI/SC29/WG11 N1229.MPEG-2 Backwards compatible Codec LayerⅡ and LayerⅢ:Race Dttb Listening Test Reprot.March 1996
[7]Eric D.Scheirer.The MPEG-4 Structured Audio Standand.Proc IEEE ICASSP,Seattle 1998
[8]ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11,Overview of the MPEG-4 Standard,2001
[9]钟玉琢,王琪等,基于对象的多媒体数据压缩编码国际标准一 MPEG4及其校验模型,科学出版社,2000年
[10]ISO/IEC 13818-7.Information Technology-Generic coding of Moving Pictures and Associated Audio 1997 Part7:Advanced AudioCoding
[11]ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11,Pattaya,Overview of the MPEG-7 Standard December 2001
[12]ISO/IEC JTCl/SC29/WG11/,MPEG-21 Overview v.3
[13]杨俊,蔡宣平等,数字音频技术及其应用与发展(一),电声技术,2001年5期
[14]杨俊,蔡宣平等,数字音频技术及其应用与发展(二),电声技术,2001年6期
[15]杨行峻,迟惠生等语言信号数字处理,电子工业出版社 1995年8月
[16]蔡安妮孙景鳌多媒体通信技术基础电子工业出版社,2000年
[17]Texas Instruments Inc.Tms320C54X DSP Reference Set 1-4,1997
[18]Texas Instruments Inc.Tms320C54X Assembly Language Tools User's Guide,spru102.June 1999
[19]Texas Instruments Inc.Tms320C54X C Source Debugger User's Guide.spru099.June 1999
[20]Texas Instruments Inc.TMS320VC5409 Fixed-Point DSP,sprs082c,August,1997年
[21]黄晓莉陈健MPEG/AUDIO LYAER3编解码算法研究与解码的DSP软件实现电迅技术 1998年4期
[22]张雄伟曹铁勇等DSP芯片的原理与开发应用(第二版)电子工业出版社 2000年
[23]ISSI Inc.61LV6416,64K~* 16 High Speed Static RAM,2000
[24]Samsung Electronics,K9K1208UOM,64M~*8 Flash Memory,June,2000
[25]Samsung Electronics,Smartmedia White Paper,January,2000
[26]Texas Instruments Inc.Stereo Audion D/A Converter,8 to 96KHz,With Integrated HeadPhone Amplifier,Tlv320Aic23,2000
[27]Texas Instruments Inc.TLV320AIC23EVM User′s Guide,2000
[28]Texas Instrument InC.TmS320c54X DSP Reference seVolumes:Enhanced Peripherals,1999
[29]彭启宗,Tms320c54x实用教程,电子科技大学出版社,2000
[30]Universal Serial Bus Specification Revision 1.1,Compaq Computer Corporation,Intel Corporation,Microsoft Corporation NEC Corporation.,1998
[31]Philips Semiconductors,PDIUSBD12 USB Interface Device with Parnell Bus,April 2001
[32]Philips Semiconductors,USB Mass Storage Device Evaluation Kit User′s Guide,October 1999
[33]Altera Corporation.Max7000 Programmable Logic Devices Families Data Sheet.April 2001
[34]赵曙光,郭万有等可编程逻辑器件原理、开发与应用西安电子技大学出版社,2000年
[35]Texas Instrument Inc.Dual-Output Low-Dropout Voltage Regulators.Slvs286a March 2001
[36]Texas Instruments Inc.Code Composer Studio Getting Started Guide spru509,2001
[37]TMS320C54x Optimizing C/C++ Compiler User′s Guide,spru103,2001
[38]Texas Instruments Inc.Tms320C54X Simulator Getting Started.Spru137.June 1999
[39]王世一数字信号处理北京理工大学出版社 1995年
[40]蒋增荣曾泳私等快速算法国防科技大学出版社 1995年
[41]陈行禄,秦永元信号分析与处理北京航空航天大学出版社,1993年
[42]Texas Instruments Inc.Real-Time DSP Software Design for a Portable MP3Player on a TMS320c54X DSP Using DSP/BIOS
[43]B.G Lee,″FCT - A fast cosine transform,'Proc.ICASSP′ 84,pp.28A.3.1-28A.3.4,Mar.1984.(San Diego)
[44]B.G Lee,″A New algorithm to compute the discrete cosinetransform″ IEEE Trans.Acoust.,Speech,Signal Process.,vo l.ASSP-32,no.6,pp.1243-1245,Dec.1984
[45]Eric Hoekstra,Muhammad Shaban,Design and implementation of a DSP based MPEG-1 audio encoder.IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics,vol.45,No.1 February 1999
[46]WangJianxin,Dong Zaiwang.A fast algorithm for modified discrete cosine transform.In:ICCT′9 Proceedings,1996:13.08.1 - 13.08.4
[47]周汀,阂吴等一种用于MPEG的工DCT算法计算机科学,1997年12期
[48]王剑虹,吴海华等音频解码中子带合成滤波器的快速算法及定点DSP实现上海交通大学学报 2000年6期
[49]窦维蓓,董在望等MPEG/AUDIO LAYER3实时解码优化设计电声技术,1999年10期
[50]Charles D.Murphy.Real-Time MPEG-1 Audio Coding and Decoding on a DSP chip.IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics,vol.43,No.1 February 1997
[51]Konstantinos Konstantinides.Fast Subband Filtering in MPEG Audio Coding.IEEE Siganl Processing Letters.Vol.1 No.2,Feb 1994
[2]ISO/IEC JTCl/SC29/WG11 MPEG IS11172-3,Coding of moving pictur and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1Mbit/s part3:audio(1993)
[3]K.Brandenburg and G.Stoll.ISO-MPEG-1 Audio:A Genetic Standarc For Coding of High-Quality Digital Audio.J.Audio Eng.Soc.vol42,No.10.p780-792October 1994
[4]余崇智,李存珠等,运动图像及其伴音的压缩与编码一 MPEG1,南京大学出版社,1995
[5]ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 MPEG-2 Genetic coding of moving pictures aassociated audio information.October 2000
[6]ISO/IEC JTCI/SC29/WG11 N1229.MPEG-2 Backwards compatible Codec LayerⅡ and LayerⅢ:Race Dttb Listening Test Reprot.March 1996
[7]Eric D.Scheirer.The MPEG-4 Structured Audio Standand.Proc IEEE ICASSP,Seattle 1998
[8]ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11,Overview of the MPEG-4 Standard,2001
[9]钟玉琢,王琪等,基于对象的多媒体数据压缩编码国际标准一 MPEG4及其校验模型,科学出版社,2000年
[10]ISO/IEC 13818-7.Information Technology-Generic coding of Moving Pictures and Associated Audio 1997 Part7:Advanced AudioCoding
[11]ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11,Pattaya,Overview of the MPEG-7 Standard December 2001
[12]ISO/IEC JTCl/SC29/WG11/,MPEG-21 Overview v.3
[13]杨俊,蔡宣平等,数字音频技术及其应用与发展(一),电声技术,2001年5期
[14]杨俊,蔡宣平等,数字音频技术及其应用与发展(二),电声技术,2001年6期
[15]杨行峻,迟惠生等语言信号数字处理,电子工业出版社 1995年8月
[16]蔡安妮孙景鳌多媒体通信技术基础电子工业出版社,2000年
[17]Texas Instruments Inc.Tms320C54X DSP Reference Set 1-4,1997
[18]Texas Instruments Inc.Tms320C54X Assembly Language Tools User's Guide,spru102.June 1999
[19]Texas Instruments Inc.Tms320C54X C Source Debugger User's Guide.spru099.June 1999
[20]Texas Instruments Inc.TMS320VC5409 Fixed-Point DSP,sprs082c,August,1997年
[21]黄晓莉陈健MPEG/AUDIO LYAER3编解码算法研究与解码的DSP软件实现电迅技术 1998年4期
[22]张雄伟曹铁勇等DSP芯片的原理与开发应用(第二版)电子工业出版社 2000年
[23]ISSI Inc.61LV6416,64K~* 16 High Speed Static RAM,2000
[24]Samsung Electronics,K9K1208UOM,64M~*8 Flash Memory,June,2000
[25]Samsung Electronics,Smartmedia White Paper,January,2000
[26]Texas Instruments Inc.Stereo Audion D/A Converter,8 to 96KHz,With Integrated HeadPhone Amplifier,Tlv320Aic23,2000
[27]Texas Instruments Inc.TLV320AIC23EVM User′s Guide,2000
[28]Texas Instrument InC.TmS320c54X DSP Reference seVolumes:Enhanced Peripherals,1999
[29]彭启宗,Tms320c54x实用教程,电子科技大学出版社,2000
[30]Universal Serial Bus Specification Revision 1.1,Compaq Computer Corporation,Intel Corporation,Microsoft Corporation NEC Corporation.,1998
[31]Philips Semiconductors,PDIUSBD12 USB Interface Device with Parnell Bus,April 2001
[32]Philips Semiconductors,USB Mass Storage Device Evaluation Kit User′s Guide,October 1999
[33]Altera Corporation.Max7000 Programmable Logic Devices Families Data Sheet.April 2001
[34]赵曙光,郭万有等可编程逻辑器件原理、开发与应用西安电子技大学出版社,2000年
[35]Texas Instrument Inc.Dual-Output Low-Dropout Voltage Regulators.Slvs286a March 2001
[36]Texas Instruments Inc.Code Composer Studio Getting Started Guide spru509,2001
[37]TMS320C54x Optimizing C/C++ Compiler User′s Guide,spru103,2001
[38]Texas Instruments Inc.Tms320C54X Simulator Getting Started.Spru137.June 1999
[39]王世一数字信号处理北京理工大学出版社 1995年
[40]蒋增荣曾泳私等快速算法国防科技大学出版社 1995年
[41]陈行禄,秦永元信号分析与处理北京航空航天大学出版社,1993年
[42]Texas Instruments Inc.Real-Time DSP Software Design for a Portable MP3Player on a TMS320c54X DSP Using DSP/BIOS
[43]B.G Lee,″FCT - A fast cosine transform,'Proc.ICASSP′ 84,pp.28A.3.1-28A.3.4,Mar.1984.(San Diego)
[44]B.G Lee,″A New algorithm to compute the discrete cosinetransform″ IEEE Trans.Acoust.,Speech,Signal Process.,vo l.ASSP-32,no.6,pp.1243-1245,Dec.1984
[45]Eric Hoekstra,Muhammad Shaban,Design and implementation of a DSP based MPEG-1 audio encoder.IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics,vol.45,No.1 February 1999
[46]WangJianxin,Dong Zaiwang.A fast algorithm for modified discrete cosine transform.In:ICCT′9 Proceedings,1996:13.08.1 - 13.08.4
[47]周汀,阂吴等一种用于MPEG的工DCT算法计算机科学,1997年12期
[48]王剑虹,吴海华等音频解码中子带合成滤波器的快速算法及定点DSP实现上海交通大学学报 2000年6期
[49]窦维蓓,董在望等MPEG/AUDIO LAYER3实时解码优化设计电声技术,1999年10期
[50]Charles D.Murphy.Real-Time MPEG-1 Audio Coding and Decoding on a DSP chip.IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics,vol.43,No.1 February 1997
[51]Konstantinos Konstantinides.Fast Subband Filtering in MPEG Audio Coding.IEEE Siganl Processing Letters.Vol.1 No.2,Feb 1994