2.4GHz无线USB系统的设计与实现
摘要
无线通信是未来技术发展的主流方向,而在计算机外设方面,USB接口技术逐渐成了PC外设的标准接口。在短距离无线数据通讯领域,有着诸如Bluetooth,WiFi,2.4GHz等技术标准,2.4GHz作为和Bluetooth工作在同一频段无线短距离通讯技术,有着更低的成本,更快的开发周期,和更强的针对性。
本文介绍了目前最新的2.4GHz无线通讯技术,将其和USB2.0协议相结合,有效的解决了计算机众多外设电缆所带来的麻烦,同时在一个无线适配器上实现了与多个外部设备的同时通讯,并采用了改进的DSSS(Direct Seqcuence Spread Spectrdm,直接序列展频),提高了无线通讯的抗干扰性。在同类产品中有着明显的竞争优势。
首先介绍了当前存在的短距离无线通讯技术,对各种技术的优缺点和应用领域进行阐述,同时说明了当前USB2.0技术发展的现状和所面临的问题。
然后对本系统中无线通讯的协议进行了详细的分析,从物理层、链路管理层和应用层三个方面进行了阐述,其中着重介绍了应用层协议,以及怎么将其应用到实际的开发当中。接着对USB2.0协议的应用也进行了详细的介绍,从怎样开发一个USB设备着手,分析了USB描述符、USB枚举、USB传输三个方面的应用。
最后,也是最重要的一部分,对整个无线通讯USB系统的硬件设计、固件设计和驱动软件设计,提出了设计的流程和实现的原理。其中对无线协议在实际开发应用中的流程进行了透彻的解释。
Wireless communication is becoming the mainstream of communication technology. At the same time, USB interface technology is also becoming the standard interface PC peripheral. There are so many technical standards on short-range wireless communication technology, such as Bluetooth, WiFi, and 2.4GHz. As a new technology, same frequency as Bluetooth, 2.4GHz has its own advantage, like low cost, short development period and more powerful pertinence.
The result the thesis proposes introduces the latest 2.4GHz wireless technology integrated with USB2.0 interface, and provides a solution to implement one adapter that can communicate more than one device simultaneously. Depending on the use of improved DSSS (Direct Sequences Spread Spectrum) technology, 2.4GHz wireless USB technology improves anti-jamming ability deeply. Among the similar technologies, it has better performance obviously.
Firstly, several short-range wireless communication technologies are described in this paper. Via comparing with them, the paper presents the key advantage and disadvantage of different technology, and the fields they are applying to. Meanwhile, USB2.0 technology is introduced as well.
Secondly, this thesis illuminates the wireless protocol throughout in physical layer, link management layer and application layer. Importantly, it provides an application layer protocol and expands the implementation to production development. Based on USB2.0 protocol, this thesis presents the flowchart of USB application including USB descriptor, USB enumeration and USB transaction.
Finally, this section has the main contents. It contains how to develop hardware, firmware and relevant driver, as well as the basic principle and design flow. Especially, the whole routine to implement wireless protocol is described in this section.
本文介绍了目前最新的2.4GHz无线通讯技术,将其和USB2.0协议相结合,有效的解决了计算机众多外设电缆所带来的麻烦,同时在一个无线适配器上实现了与多个外部设备的同时通讯,并采用了改进的DSSS(Direct Seqcuence Spread Spectrdm,直接序列展频),提高了无线通讯的抗干扰性。在同类产品中有着明显的竞争优势。
首先介绍了当前存在的短距离无线通讯技术,对各种技术的优缺点和应用领域进行阐述,同时说明了当前USB2.0技术发展的现状和所面临的问题。
然后对本系统中无线通讯的协议进行了详细的分析,从物理层、链路管理层和应用层三个方面进行了阐述,其中着重介绍了应用层协议,以及怎么将其应用到实际的开发当中。接着对USB2.0协议的应用也进行了详细的介绍,从怎样开发一个USB设备着手,分析了USB描述符、USB枚举、USB传输三个方面的应用。
最后,也是最重要的一部分,对整个无线通讯USB系统的硬件设计、固件设计和驱动软件设计,提出了设计的流程和实现的原理。其中对无线协议在实际开发应用中的流程进行了透彻的解释。
Wireless communication is becoming the mainstream of communication technology. At the same time, USB interface technology is also becoming the standard interface PC peripheral. There are so many technical standards on short-range wireless communication technology, such as Bluetooth, WiFi, and 2.4GHz. As a new technology, same frequency as Bluetooth, 2.4GHz has its own advantage, like low cost, short development period and more powerful pertinence.
The result the thesis proposes introduces the latest 2.4GHz wireless technology integrated with USB2.0 interface, and provides a solution to implement one adapter that can communicate more than one device simultaneously. Depending on the use of improved DSSS (Direct Sequences Spread Spectrum) technology, 2.4GHz wireless USB technology improves anti-jamming ability deeply. Among the similar technologies, it has better performance obviously.
Firstly, several short-range wireless communication technologies are described in this paper. Via comparing with them, the paper presents the key advantage and disadvantage of different technology, and the fields they are applying to. Meanwhile, USB2.0 technology is introduced as well.
Secondly, this thesis illuminates the wireless protocol throughout in physical layer, link management layer and application layer. Importantly, it provides an application layer protocol and expands the implementation to production development. Based on USB2.0 protocol, this thesis presents the flowchart of USB application including USB descriptor, USB enumeration and USB transaction.
Finally, this section has the main contents. It contains how to develop hardware, firmware and relevant driver, as well as the basic principle and design flow. Especially, the whole routine to implement wireless protocol is described in this section.
引文
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[40]陈超.基于USB接口的无线单向传输系统的研究和实现[硕士论文].四川:四川大学,2005.
[41]陶鋾.手持式移动终端设备中USB模块的设计与实现[硕士论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2005.
[42]晁建刚,魏安阳,邱淑范.通用串行总线(USB)设备的驱动[J].电子技术应用,2001,5(5):14-16.
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[52]张吉非.Windows环境下的USB设备驱动程序设计[J].计算机与现代化,2004,1(7):8-12.
[53]潭浩强编著.C语言程序设计(第2版)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001.
[54][美]David J.Kruglinski等著,VISUAL C++6.0技术内幕(第五版)[M].北京:北京希望电子出版社,2001.
[55]严蔚敏,吴伟民编著.数据结构(C语言版)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1997.
[56]Jeffrey Richter.Windows核心编程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[57]单片机与嵌入式系统应用编委会.单片机与嵌入式系统应用[M],北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[58]李大友等编著.微型计算机接口技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社 1996.
[59]黄维通编著.Visual C++面向对象与可视化程序设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000.
[60]Jesse Liberty著.21天学通C++(第四版)[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2002.
[2]ZigBee Alliance.ZIGBEE SPECIFICATION including the PRO Feature Set[S],Version 1.0,2005.
[3]IrDA High-Speed Working Group.IrDA Serial.Infrared Physical Layer Link Specification For 16Mb/s Addition(VFIR)[S],Version 1.3,Release 1999.
[4]IEEE Working Group.IEEE standard for Wireless LAN Medium Access Control(MAC)and Physical Layer(PHY)Specification[S],1999.
[5]The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.Wireless LAN Medium Access Control(MAC)and Physical Layer(PHY)Specifications[S],1999Edition,Release 1999.
[6]游战清,李苏剑等.无线射频识别技术理论与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[7]Bluetooth SIG.Specification of the Bluetooth System[S],Version 1.0b,Release December 1~(st,)1999.
[8]朱刚,谈振辉,周贤伟.蓝牙技术原理与协议[M].北京:北方交通大学出版社,2002.
[9]张柱和.蓝牙技术及应用前景[J].计算机与信息技术,2007,10(35):76-77
[10]陈可.短距无线传输技术先行者[J].微型计算机,2006,(9):150-155.
[11]周敬利,陈纪,余胜生.蓝牙仿真串口的研究与实现[J].计算机应用,2004,24(11:28-33.
[12]Shepherd R.Bluetooth wireless technology in the home[J].Electronics an Communication Engineering,2001,13(5):190-205.
[13]Universal Serial Bus Implementers Forum(USBIF),Universal Serial Bus Specification[S],Revision 2.0,April 27,2000.
[14]Agere,HP,Inter,Miccrosoft,NEC,Philip Samsung.Wireless Universal Serial Bus Specification[S],Version Revision 1.0,May 12 2005.
[15]肖踞雄,翁铁成,宋中.USB技术及应用设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.11.
[16]边海龙,贾少华.USB2.0设备的设计与开发[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.1.
[17]吴佳磊,周凯.基于USB技术的数控系统设备端无线通讯研究及其实现[J],2006,28(1):54-57.
[18]Cypress Semiconductor.Wireless USB LP 2.4GHz Radio Soc[S],Version 1.0,May 08,2006.
[19]Cypress Semiconductor.PSoc Technical Reference Manual[S],Version 2.00,2006.10.
[20]李肇庆,缪峰,刘建存.USB接口技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2004.
[21]周立功等,PDIUSBD12USB固件编程与驱动开发[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.2.
[22]李英伟,王成儒,练秋生等.USB2.0原理与工程开发(第2版)[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2007.
[23]薛园园.USB应用开发技术大全[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2007.
[24]张波,常天庆,贾宇飞.基于USB技术的数据采集卡设计[J].微计算机信息,2006,(06Z):34-36.
[25]廖济林编著.USB2.0应用系统开发实例精讲[M].西安:电子工业出版社,2006.
[26]萧世文,宋延清.USB2.0硬件设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[27]程华.嵌入式系统USB接口的研究及设计[J].微计算机信息,2007,32:61-62
[28]Jan Axelson.Universal Serial Bus Complete[M],US:Lakeview Research,2005.
[29]Don Anderson.Universal Serial Bus System Architecture[M],US:Addison-Wesley Professional,2000.
[30]张念淮,江浩.USB总线借口开发指南[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2002.
[31]许永和编著,EZ-USB FX系列单片机USB外围设备设计与应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2002.
[32]Cypress Semiconductor Inc.CY7C64215 datasheet[S],Version 1.0,2006.10.
[33]Freescale Semiconductor Inc.MC68HC908JW32 Specification[S],Version 1.01,2005.3.
[34]Philip Lighting B.V.PLN2888 Laser Sensor Datasheet[S],Version 0.1,Realse 2006.
[35]Avago Technologies.ADNS-3088 Optical Sensor Datssheet[S],Revised 1.0,2006
[36]赛普拉斯半导体公司.CYRF6936 datasheet[s],Version 1.05,2005.10.
[37]Freescale Office Website.USB Controller[EB/OL],http://www.freescale.com.cn.
[38]王成儒,李英伟.USB2原理与工程开发[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2004.
[39]梁得胜.短距离无线通信及USB接口系统的研究设计[硕士论文].西安:西 北工业大学,2005.
[40]陈超.基于USB接口的无线单向传输系统的研究和实现[硕士论文].四川:四川大学,2005.
[41]陶鋾.手持式移动终端设备中USB模块的设计与实现[硕士论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2005.
[42]晁建刚,魏安阳,邱淑范.通用串行总线(USB)设备的驱动[J].电子技术应用,2001,5(5):14-16.
[43]马伟.USB安全钥功能扩展与优化设计[J].电子技术应用,2002,3(7):5-7.
[44]Walter Oney Programming The Microsoft Driver Model[M]US:Microsoft Press,2003.
[45]张惠娟 等编著Windows环境下的设备驱动程序设计[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2002.
[46]Microsoft Corporation.Microsft Dirver Development Kit 98[M].US:Microsoft Press,1997.
[47]李凌,周晓军,徐志农.鼠标映射虚拟位置传感器的驱动开发模型[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2006,40(8):1344-1347.
[48]冯博琴,朱丹军,雪涛等.Windows 2000驱动程序开发大全[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2001.
[49]武安河编著.Windows 2000/XP WDM设备驱动程序开发(第2版)[M].北京:电子工业出版社 2005.
[50]严仪健,王钧.Windows驱动程序设计[J].微型机与应用,2001,20(8):12-15.
[51]陈向群等编著.Windows操作系统原理(第二版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.
[52]张吉非.Windows环境下的USB设备驱动程序设计[J].计算机与现代化,2004,1(7):8-12.
[53]潭浩强编著.C语言程序设计(第2版)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001.
[54][美]David J.Kruglinski等著,VISUAL C++6.0技术内幕(第五版)[M].北京:北京希望电子出版社,2001.
[55]严蔚敏,吴伟民编著.数据结构(C语言版)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1997.
[56]Jeffrey Richter.Windows核心编程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[57]单片机与嵌入式系统应用编委会.单片机与嵌入式系统应用[M],北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[58]李大友等编著.微型计算机接口技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社 1996.
[59]黄维通编著.Visual C++面向对象与可视化程序设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000.
[60]Jesse Liberty著.21天学通C++(第四版)[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2002.