音乐疗法对缓解保胎孕妇焦虑情绪的效果研究
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摘要
目的:探讨音乐干预对保胎孕妇生理状态(血压、脉搏、呼吸)及焦虑程度的影响,为音乐干预减轻保胎孕妇焦虑程度提供科学依据,为保胎孕妇护理提供科学有效的方法。
方法:采用随机对照研究方法。筛选符合抽样条件接受胎心监护的住院保胎孕妇120例,随机分成实验组与对照组。音乐治疗的时间统一选在住院次日午餐后二小时进行,对120例保胎孕妇的客观生理反应和主观心理反应进行观察。试验方法:①试验组和对照组保胎孕妇均于入院日未接受任何干预前评估一般资料,包括姓名、性别、年龄、教育程度、职业、音乐喜好等,测量生命体征(血压、脉搏、呼吸)及焦虑程度(SAS),然后接上胎心监护仪测量胎心率、胎动及宫缩情况。②试验组保胎孕妇在常规护理的基础上提供音乐干预方法。请研究对象从研究者准备的10卷音乐带中选择一卷,于入院次日起每日午餐后两小时听音乐,每日1次,每次30分钟,持续3天。对照组患者只提供常规护理并在入院次日起每日午餐后两小时休息30分钟。③试验组患者于第3日听完音乐后测量生命体征(血压、脉搏、呼吸)及焦虑程度。对照组患者则于第3日午饭后两小时休息30分钟后测量生命体征:收缩压、脉搏、呼吸及焦虑程度(SAS)。
结果:1.基线资料测评结果显示:两组保胎孕妇在年龄、教育程度、职业、音乐喜好等一般资料上差异无统计学差异(P＞0.05)。两组患者入院日的脉搏、呼吸、收缩压及焦虑程度比较无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。两组患者基线资料一致,具有可比性。2.生命体征的测量结果显示:音乐干预组孕妇脉搏、呼吸、血压较实验前有明显改善(P＜0.01),对照组无改变。3.焦虑程度(SAS)测评结果显示:音乐干预组患者焦虑分值(SAS)明显低于对照组(P＜0.01)。4.影响研究对象焦虑状态改变的因素依次为:学历、孕次、职业、宗教、产次、孕周、年龄。5.分析研究对象人口学特征与实施音乐疗法前测量焦虑之间的关系得知人口学特征中的孕周与焦虑量表的得分具有显著性差异。
结论:1.音乐疗法有助于稳定保胎孕妇脉搏、呼吸、收缩压等生理指标。2.音乐疗法有助于缓解保胎孕妇的焦虑状态,有利于情绪的稳定。3.音乐疗法应选用音调和谐宁静、节奏徐缓、音色优美、悦耳动听的乐曲。
Objective: The purpose of the study is to explore the effect of music therapy on physical status (blood pressure, pulse and respiration) and anxiety level of pregnant women who were receiving interventions to keep their pregnancy, so that an evidenced-based care could be provided for those pregnant women.
Methods: The subjects were 120 pregnant women who were hospitalized to keep their pregnancy and were receiving fetal heart rate monitoring. They were divided into two groups randomly, an experimental group who would be given music therapy besides routine care and a control group who would only be given routine care, but control group would be required to have a 30 minutes rest while the experimental group were receiving music therapy. The schedule for music therapy was 2 hours after lunch from the second hospitalized day, lasting 3 days and 30 minutes per time. Data collection: baseline data were collected in the admission day for all subjects including everyone's name, sex, age, education, occupation, music interest, vital signs and anxiety level which was measured by SAS, fetal heart rate, fetal movement frequency and uterus contract frequency. Then in the following 3 days interventions were given. When the last music therapy finished, data would be collected for all subjects including everyone's vital sign and anxiety level using the same instruments.
Results: 1 .There were no significant differences in baseline data between experimental group and control group. 2. The vital signs of experimental group improved significantly after music therapy, and there was no significant change for vital signs of control group. 3.The results showed that the anxiety level of experiemtnal group was significantly lower than that of control group after music therapy.
Conclusion: 1.Music therapy is helpful to stabilize the physical indexes such as pulse, respiration and blood pressure of pregnant women who need interventions to keep their pregnancies. 2.Music therapy is helpful to alleviate the anxiety level of pregnant women who need interventions to keep their pregnancies and helpful to balance their feelings. 3. Music selected for music therapy should be those with harmonious tone and slow rhythm.
方法:采用随机对照研究方法。筛选符合抽样条件接受胎心监护的住院保胎孕妇120例,随机分成实验组与对照组。音乐治疗的时间统一选在住院次日午餐后二小时进行,对120例保胎孕妇的客观生理反应和主观心理反应进行观察。试验方法:①试验组和对照组保胎孕妇均于入院日未接受任何干预前评估一般资料,包括姓名、性别、年龄、教育程度、职业、音乐喜好等,测量生命体征(血压、脉搏、呼吸)及焦虑程度(SAS),然后接上胎心监护仪测量胎心率、胎动及宫缩情况。②试验组保胎孕妇在常规护理的基础上提供音乐干预方法。请研究对象从研究者准备的10卷音乐带中选择一卷,于入院次日起每日午餐后两小时听音乐,每日1次,每次30分钟,持续3天。对照组患者只提供常规护理并在入院次日起每日午餐后两小时休息30分钟。③试验组患者于第3日听完音乐后测量生命体征(血压、脉搏、呼吸)及焦虑程度。对照组患者则于第3日午饭后两小时休息30分钟后测量生命体征:收缩压、脉搏、呼吸及焦虑程度(SAS)。
结果:1.基线资料测评结果显示:两组保胎孕妇在年龄、教育程度、职业、音乐喜好等一般资料上差异无统计学差异(P＞0.05)。两组患者入院日的脉搏、呼吸、收缩压及焦虑程度比较无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。两组患者基线资料一致,具有可比性。2.生命体征的测量结果显示:音乐干预组孕妇脉搏、呼吸、血压较实验前有明显改善(P＜0.01),对照组无改变。3.焦虑程度(SAS)测评结果显示:音乐干预组患者焦虑分值(SAS)明显低于对照组(P＜0.01)。4.影响研究对象焦虑状态改变的因素依次为:学历、孕次、职业、宗教、产次、孕周、年龄。5.分析研究对象人口学特征与实施音乐疗法前测量焦虑之间的关系得知人口学特征中的孕周与焦虑量表的得分具有显著性差异。
结论:1.音乐疗法有助于稳定保胎孕妇脉搏、呼吸、收缩压等生理指标。2.音乐疗法有助于缓解保胎孕妇的焦虑状态,有利于情绪的稳定。3.音乐疗法应选用音调和谐宁静、节奏徐缓、音色优美、悦耳动听的乐曲。
Objective: The purpose of the study is to explore the effect of music therapy on physical status (blood pressure, pulse and respiration) and anxiety level of pregnant women who were receiving interventions to keep their pregnancy, so that an evidenced-based care could be provided for those pregnant women.
Methods: The subjects were 120 pregnant women who were hospitalized to keep their pregnancy and were receiving fetal heart rate monitoring. They were divided into two groups randomly, an experimental group who would be given music therapy besides routine care and a control group who would only be given routine care, but control group would be required to have a 30 minutes rest while the experimental group were receiving music therapy. The schedule for music therapy was 2 hours after lunch from the second hospitalized day, lasting 3 days and 30 minutes per time. Data collection: baseline data were collected in the admission day for all subjects including everyone's name, sex, age, education, occupation, music interest, vital signs and anxiety level which was measured by SAS, fetal heart rate, fetal movement frequency and uterus contract frequency. Then in the following 3 days interventions were given. When the last music therapy finished, data would be collected for all subjects including everyone's vital sign and anxiety level using the same instruments.
Results: 1 .There were no significant differences in baseline data between experimental group and control group. 2. The vital signs of experimental group improved significantly after music therapy, and there was no significant change for vital signs of control group. 3.The results showed that the anxiety level of experiemtnal group was significantly lower than that of control group after music therapy.
Conclusion: 1.Music therapy is helpful to stabilize the physical indexes such as pulse, respiration and blood pressure of pregnant women who need interventions to keep their pregnancies. 2.Music therapy is helpful to alleviate the anxiety level of pregnant women who need interventions to keep their pregnancies and helpful to balance their feelings. 3. Music selected for music therapy should be those with harmonious tone and slow rhythm.
引文
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