研发阶段供应链管理研究
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摘要
作者通过多年在供应商开发及供应链管理领域的工作经验,结合在研究生课程中所学习的理论知识,对研发期间供应链管理(SCM)做了深入细致的研究,形成该论文所论述的面向实际应用的理论。目前国内企业对自有知识产权和自主研发越来越重视,以研发为业务主体的公司越来越多,人们对如何在研发期间就对产品整个生命周期的成本和质量加以控制的问题感到相当棘手,本文针对这样的问题提出可行的理论和控制方法。
本文通过大量的对实际管理经验的描述,以电子行业的大型企业研发机构为研究对象,以供应链(SC)运营管理的原理、手段、目的、效益为理论基础,提出研发阶段供应链管理的运营结构模式,并分别对成本控制,质量管理,供应商选择和物流管理总结出行之有效的管理方法。
运用价值工程分析的理论提出新产品目标价格的标定方式来确定产品成本控制的目标,介绍了成本控制的策略和方法,包括价格谈判的技巧。指出供应商对企业新产品开发及对企业发展的重要性,根据供应商不同的业务作用对供应商进行分类,总结了选择供应商的原则、评估供应商的体系和流程。强调了质量控制的重要性,对研发期间质量控制的内容,范围和方法进行了研究和总结。对新产品上市时的物料管理作了程序上的概述,对研发期间物料管理特性作了描述,提出了既能满足产品上市要求,又不会在研发阶段设计多变的情况下给企业造成额外费用的订单管理方法和物料跟踪方式。
This paper comes from the author’s experience in the field of Supplier Development and Supply Chain Management for many years, combining the theories from IE Master courses, the author conducted in-depth research on the supply chain management at design stage. This paper provides the theories focusing on actual operation; the theory is demonstrated as it does make sense for guiding actual operation based on author’s application at real work. Now, more and more China domestic enterprises emphasizes on developing self-owned technology and new products, many Design House are set up, a problem comes up to the management is how to control new product’s cost and quality from design stage, very important thing is how to last the cost and quality advantage in product’s lifetime. The author gives feasible control ways in this paper.
This paper describes a lot of real management skills, focus on electronical industry company design stage supplier management study. Using the principle of supply chain(SC) management, setting up the operation mode of SC management in design stage, bring up the control process for Cost control, Quality management, Supplier selection and Logistic/material tracking.
Using Value Engineering Analysis theory, author determines the target cost of the new product, introduces the cost control strategy and process, including price negotiation with suppliers. Emphasis the importance of the partnership between supplier and customer, classifies suppliers base on the business relationship, introduces supplier selection process and supplier performance evaluation system. Quality is always critical to a company and product, this paper studies the quality scope and content in design stage, introduces SC quality control process. For Material control, this paper gives the ways of material control to meet the production ramp up schedule as well as to maintain the inventory to a perfect level. Key Words: Supply Chain; R&D Supply Chain Management; R&D Cost Control;
本文通过大量的对实际管理经验的描述,以电子行业的大型企业研发机构为研究对象,以供应链(SC)运营管理的原理、手段、目的、效益为理论基础,提出研发阶段供应链管理的运营结构模式,并分别对成本控制,质量管理,供应商选择和物流管理总结出行之有效的管理方法。
运用价值工程分析的理论提出新产品目标价格的标定方式来确定产品成本控制的目标,介绍了成本控制的策略和方法,包括价格谈判的技巧。指出供应商对企业新产品开发及对企业发展的重要性,根据供应商不同的业务作用对供应商进行分类,总结了选择供应商的原则、评估供应商的体系和流程。强调了质量控制的重要性,对研发期间质量控制的内容,范围和方法进行了研究和总结。对新产品上市时的物料管理作了程序上的概述,对研发期间物料管理特性作了描述,提出了既能满足产品上市要求,又不会在研发阶段设计多变的情况下给企业造成额外费用的订单管理方法和物料跟踪方式。
This paper comes from the author’s experience in the field of Supplier Development and Supply Chain Management for many years, combining the theories from IE Master courses, the author conducted in-depth research on the supply chain management at design stage. This paper provides the theories focusing on actual operation; the theory is demonstrated as it does make sense for guiding actual operation based on author’s application at real work. Now, more and more China domestic enterprises emphasizes on developing self-owned technology and new products, many Design House are set up, a problem comes up to the management is how to control new product’s cost and quality from design stage, very important thing is how to last the cost and quality advantage in product’s lifetime. The author gives feasible control ways in this paper.
This paper describes a lot of real management skills, focus on electronical industry company design stage supplier management study. Using the principle of supply chain(SC) management, setting up the operation mode of SC management in design stage, bring up the control process for Cost control, Quality management, Supplier selection and Logistic/material tracking.
Using Value Engineering Analysis theory, author determines the target cost of the new product, introduces the cost control strategy and process, including price negotiation with suppliers. Emphasis the importance of the partnership between supplier and customer, classifies suppliers base on the business relationship, introduces supplier selection process and supplier performance evaluation system. Quality is always critical to a company and product, this paper studies the quality scope and content in design stage, introduces SC quality control process. For Material control, this paper gives the ways of material control to meet the production ramp up schedule as well as to maintain the inventory to a perfect level. Key Words: Supply Chain; R&D Supply Chain Management; R&D Cost Control;
引文
[1] Bowon Kim, "Coordinating and innovation in supply chain management", European Journal of Operational Research,Volume123,Issue3,16June2000
[2] Zimmer.Kirstin, "Supply chain coordination with uncertain just-in-time delivery", International Journal of Production Economics Volume: 77,Issue l,May,2002
[3]马士华,林勇,陈志翔,《供应链管理》,北京机械工业出版社,2000年5月。
[4] [英]道格拉斯·K·麦克贝恩,尼尔·费格森著,季建华揭晖任建标等译,《开发区供应商伙伴关系》,上海远东出版社,2000.11.p.129.
[5] [英]乔恩·休斯,马克·拉尔夫,比尔·米切尔斯著,孟韬张丽萍译《供应链再造》,大连东北财经大学出版社。
[6]姜铁虎编译重组供应链:迈克尔.哈默访谈录。http://www.amteam.org/wed/ docs / bpwebsite.asp
[7]胡大立,《企业竞争力论》,北京经济管理出版社,2001.12,p.153-154 .
[8]冯敏杰,全面优化企业供应链管理, http://www.amteam.org/web/docs/bpwebsite.asp
[9]侯书森,孔淑红,《企业供应链管理》,北京中国广播电视出版社,2002.1, p.8
[10]林勇,马士华,基于产品的供应链设计。http://www.amteam.org/web/docs/ bpwebsite.asp
[11]侯书森,孔淑红,《企业供应链管理》,北京中国广播电视出版社,2002.1, p.8
[12]胡大立,《企业竞争力论》,北京经济管理出版社,2001.12,p.191
[13]作者?向安富利(Avnet)学什么?http://www.amteam.org/web/ docs/ bpwebsite.asp
[14]姜铁虎构建供应链分析的战略框架。http://www.amteam.org /web/ docs/bpwebsite.asp
[15]王玉荣供应链管理的定位与应用. http://www.amteam.org/ web/ docs/bpwebsite.asp
[16]林勇,马士华基于产品的应链设计, http://www.amteam.org/web/ docs/ bpwebsite.asp
[17]刘国华链主:电子供应链时代的新主宰,21世纪经济报道.2001年第29版
[18] [美]大卫·辛奇-利维,菲利普·凯明斯基,艾迪斯·辛奇-利维著,季建华,邵晓峰,王丰等译,《供应链设计与管理》,上海上海远东出版社,2000.10, p.10.
[19]胡大立,《企业竞争力论》,北京经济管理出版社,2001.12,p.161 .
[20] J. Keith Dunne , EBN Outsourcing keeps EMS a hot property , http://www.ebnonline.com/ww/story/OEG20000127S0051 Jan 31, 2000
[21] Mike Frazier,外包还是自制:战略和战术的原因分析,http://www.ebnchina.com/ART_8800015495.HTM
[22] [加]米歇尔·R·利恩德斯,[美]哈罗德·E·费伦费伦著,张杰,张群译,《采购与供应管理》,北京机械工业出版社, 2001.9, p.212.
[23]盛似茹,供应链的风险控制, http://www.amteam.org/web/docs/bpwebsite.asp
[24]侯书森,孔淑红,《企业供应链管理》,北京中国广播电视出版社,2002.1, p.37.
[25]姜铁虎,丁叔,供应链管理运作参考模型(SCOR)简介, http://www.amteam. org /web /docs/bpwebsite.asp
[26] Maha Muzumdar, Narayan Balachandran,洪佩军译,供应链管理的演变——及其管理人员角色和职责的变迁, http://www.amteam.org /web/ docs/ bpwebsite.asp
[27] Cf. Motorola Electronics Ltd. Supplier Capability Mapping Procedure
[2] Zimmer.Kirstin, "Supply chain coordination with uncertain just-in-time delivery", International Journal of Production Economics Volume: 77,Issue l,May,2002
[3]马士华,林勇,陈志翔,《供应链管理》,北京机械工业出版社,2000年5月。
[4] [英]道格拉斯·K·麦克贝恩,尼尔·费格森著,季建华揭晖任建标等译,《开发区供应商伙伴关系》,上海远东出版社,2000.11.p.129.
[5] [英]乔恩·休斯,马克·拉尔夫,比尔·米切尔斯著,孟韬张丽萍译《供应链再造》,大连东北财经大学出版社。
[6]姜铁虎编译重组供应链:迈克尔.哈默访谈录。http://www.amteam.org/wed/ docs / bpwebsite.asp
[7]胡大立,《企业竞争力论》,北京经济管理出版社,2001.12,p.153-154 .
[8]冯敏杰,全面优化企业供应链管理, http://www.amteam.org/web/docs/bpwebsite.asp
[9]侯书森,孔淑红,《企业供应链管理》,北京中国广播电视出版社,2002.1, p.8
[10]林勇,马士华,基于产品的供应链设计。http://www.amteam.org/web/docs/ bpwebsite.asp
[11]侯书森,孔淑红,《企业供应链管理》,北京中国广播电视出版社,2002.1, p.8
[12]胡大立,《企业竞争力论》,北京经济管理出版社,2001.12,p.191
[13]作者?向安富利(Avnet)学什么?http://www.amteam.org/web/ docs/ bpwebsite.asp
[14]姜铁虎构建供应链分析的战略框架。http://www.amteam.org /web/ docs/bpwebsite.asp
[15]王玉荣供应链管理的定位与应用. http://www.amteam.org/ web/ docs/bpwebsite.asp
[16]林勇,马士华基于产品的应链设计, http://www.amteam.org/web/ docs/ bpwebsite.asp
[17]刘国华链主:电子供应链时代的新主宰,21世纪经济报道.2001年第29版
[18] [美]大卫·辛奇-利维,菲利普·凯明斯基,艾迪斯·辛奇-利维著,季建华,邵晓峰,王丰等译,《供应链设计与管理》,上海上海远东出版社,2000.10, p.10.
[19]胡大立,《企业竞争力论》,北京经济管理出版社,2001.12,p.161 .
[20] J. Keith Dunne , EBN Outsourcing keeps EMS a hot property , http://www.ebnonline.com/ww/story/OEG20000127S0051 Jan 31, 2000
[21] Mike Frazier,外包还是自制:战略和战术的原因分析,http://www.ebnchina.com/ART_8800015495.HTM
[22] [加]米歇尔·R·利恩德斯,[美]哈罗德·E·费伦费伦著,张杰,张群译,《采购与供应管理》,北京机械工业出版社, 2001.9, p.212.
[23]盛似茹,供应链的风险控制, http://www.amteam.org/web/docs/bpwebsite.asp
[24]侯书森,孔淑红,《企业供应链管理》,北京中国广播电视出版社,2002.1, p.37.
[25]姜铁虎,丁叔,供应链管理运作参考模型(SCOR)简介, http://www.amteam. org /web /docs/bpwebsite.asp
[26] Maha Muzumdar, Narayan Balachandran,洪佩军译,供应链管理的演变——及其管理人员角色和职责的变迁, http://www.amteam.org /web/ docs/ bpwebsite.asp
[27] Cf. Motorola Electronics Ltd. Supplier Capability Mapping Procedure