基于3G和行使记录仪的车辆监控系统的研究
摘要
随着社会的发展和技术的进步,许多领域对移动目标进行实时监控、导航、调度的需求日益增多,特别是针对车辆的监控应用需求更加迫切。目前的车辆监控系统,GPS系统受外部环境的影响较大,存在信号盲区,如何开发出一套定位精度高、性能稳定、价格低廉、实用性强的车辆定位监控导航系统成为智能交通系统(ITS)中重要的研究内容之一。
本文将全球定位技术(GPS)、全球移动通信系统(GSM)、地理信息技术(GIS)及车辆行驶记录仪等技术结合起来,开发出一套基于3G (GPS、GSM、GIS)和车辆行驶记录仪的车辆监控系统。该系统利用GPS全球卫星定位系统提供的车辆导航定位数据和行使记录仪采集到的车辆自身的状态信息,通过GSM数字蜂窝移动通信系统来建立起数字通道实时、周期或突发的将位置和状态信息送至监控中心。在GPS工作期间,监控中心显示的是GPS的位置与速度;在GPS停止工作期间,监控中心显示的是行驶记录仪采集到车辆的位置和速度。同时监控中心还可下发各种遥控命令对移动车辆予以控制。本文对系统的设计、设备选型、系统建立实现过程都作了详尽的说明,并对关键技术进行了研究;介绍了车辆动态调度监控系统的组成、工作原理、功能以及涉及的相关技术等;还分析了采用GSM短消息传送监控数据的优点和车辆监控的中心设计和实现。
实验表明,该系统开发成本低、可靠性好,具有良好的调度监控功能。
With the development of society and the progress of science, the demand for monitoring、navigating and scheming the mobile object in many fields is increasing ,especially in vehicle is the most urgent.In the present day the vehicle monitoring system with GPS has a serious external impact and signal the existence of blind spots.How to develop a vehicle monitoring system with high positioning precision and low price has become an important research content of ITS (Intelligent Transportation System).
In this paper,we develop a vehicle monitoring system based on the 3G (GPS、GSM、GIS) and Traveling Data Recorder,which combines the technology of GPS (Global Positioning System)、GSM (Global System for Mobile communications)、GIS (Geographic Information System) and Traveling Data Recorder. The system utilizing the vehicle navigating and positioning data and the status messages of vehicle, the vehicle monitoring system can display the position and the status of the vehicle by a real-time way.These messages are mainly sent and received by the digital channel provided by GSM in a real-time, periodic or abrupt way. In the working period of GPS the location and velocity of GPS are showed in monitoring center and out of the working period of GPS the message of Traveling Data Recorder is showed in monitoring center , while the operator can also send a lot remote-controlling commands to the vehicle .and the paper describes its design ,device selection, system construction and how to realized detail.The key technology is also discussed.The paper introduces the composition, the working principle, the functions and the related techniques of dynamic vehicle scheduling and monitoring system. This paper has analyzed the principle of Short Message Service, design and realization of vehicle monitor center also.
Experiments show that the system is low cost and high reasonable and it has good scheduling and monitoring functions.
本文将全球定位技术(GPS)、全球移动通信系统(GSM)、地理信息技术(GIS)及车辆行驶记录仪等技术结合起来,开发出一套基于3G (GPS、GSM、GIS)和车辆行驶记录仪的车辆监控系统。该系统利用GPS全球卫星定位系统提供的车辆导航定位数据和行使记录仪采集到的车辆自身的状态信息,通过GSM数字蜂窝移动通信系统来建立起数字通道实时、周期或突发的将位置和状态信息送至监控中心。在GPS工作期间,监控中心显示的是GPS的位置与速度;在GPS停止工作期间,监控中心显示的是行驶记录仪采集到车辆的位置和速度。同时监控中心还可下发各种遥控命令对移动车辆予以控制。本文对系统的设计、设备选型、系统建立实现过程都作了详尽的说明,并对关键技术进行了研究;介绍了车辆动态调度监控系统的组成、工作原理、功能以及涉及的相关技术等;还分析了采用GSM短消息传送监控数据的优点和车辆监控的中心设计和实现。
实验表明,该系统开发成本低、可靠性好,具有良好的调度监控功能。
With the development of society and the progress of science, the demand for monitoring、navigating and scheming the mobile object in many fields is increasing ,especially in vehicle is the most urgent.In the present day the vehicle monitoring system with GPS has a serious external impact and signal the existence of blind spots.How to develop a vehicle monitoring system with high positioning precision and low price has become an important research content of ITS (Intelligent Transportation System).
In this paper,we develop a vehicle monitoring system based on the 3G (GPS、GSM、GIS) and Traveling Data Recorder,which combines the technology of GPS (Global Positioning System)、GSM (Global System for Mobile communications)、GIS (Geographic Information System) and Traveling Data Recorder. The system utilizing the vehicle navigating and positioning data and the status messages of vehicle, the vehicle monitoring system can display the position and the status of the vehicle by a real-time way.These messages are mainly sent and received by the digital channel provided by GSM in a real-time, periodic or abrupt way. In the working period of GPS the location and velocity of GPS are showed in monitoring center and out of the working period of GPS the message of Traveling Data Recorder is showed in monitoring center , while the operator can also send a lot remote-controlling commands to the vehicle .and the paper describes its design ,device selection, system construction and how to realized detail.The key technology is also discussed.The paper introduces the composition, the working principle, the functions and the related techniques of dynamic vehicle scheduling and monitoring system. This paper has analyzed the principle of Short Message Service, design and realization of vehicle monitor center also.
Experiments show that the system is low cost and high reasonable and it has good scheduling and monitoring functions.
引文
[1].单波,全球卫星定位系统在车辆管理中的应用,汽车运用,2006(9)
[2].王向远,GSM/GPS车辆监控指挥、调度报警系统,汽车与安全,2002(6)
[3].姜乃馨,汽车行驶记录仪与智能交通,客车技术,2006
[4].王凤林,汽车行驶记录仪相全球定位系统的区别,商用汽车,2003(11)
[5].向怀坤,张黔方,基于GPS、GIS与GSM开发车辆监控调度系统的研究,汽车工程,2002(3)
[6].魏铁军,文兵,漫说GSM/GPS车辆智能监控管理系统,汽车运用,2005(6)
[7]. Hoon Jung, Keumwoo Lee and Wookwan Chun. Integration of GIS, GPS, and optimization technologies for the effective control of parcel delivery service Computers & Industrial Engineering, Volume 51, Issue 1, September 2006, Pages 154-162
[8].富立,范耀祖,车辆定位导航系统,中国铁道出版社,2004:10-15
[9].张其善,吴今培,杨东凯,智能车辆定位导航系统设计及应用,科学出版社,2002:1-10
[10].肖长春,樊继亮,采用GPS卫星定位系统实现对行使车辆的监控,供电行业信息,2007(2)
[11]. Jung-Han Kim and Jun-Ho Oh A land vehicle tracking algorithm using stand-alone GPS Control Engineering Practice, Volume 8, Issue 10, October 2000, Pages 1189-1196
[12]. E. M. Nebot, H. Durrant Whyte and S. Scheding Frequency domain modeling of aided GPS for vehicle navigation systems Robotics and Autonomous Systems,Volume 25, Issues 1-2, 31 October 1998, Pages 73-82
[13]. J?rg F. Wagner and Günther Kasties Applying the principle of integrated navigation systems to estimating the motion of large vehiclesAerospace Science and Technology, Volume 8, Issue 2, March 2004, Pages 155-166
[14]. Alan Slater Specification for a dynamic vehicle routing and scheduling system International Journal of Transport Management, Volume 1, Issue 1, February 2002, Pages 29-40
[15]. George Taylor, Chris Brunsdon, Jing Li, Andrew Olden, D?rte Steup and Marylin Winter positioning and odometer calibration Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, Volume 30, Issue 6, November 2006, Pages 757-772
[16].常青,杨东凯,寇艳红,张其善,车辆导航定位方法及应用,机械工业出版社,2005:5-20
[17].赵亦林,车辆定位与导航系统,电子工业出版社,1999:1-20
[18]. GPS accuracy estimation using map matching techniques: Applied to vehicle
[19]. Kim S,Kim J H.Adaptive fuzzy-network-based C measure map matching algorithm for car navigation system [J],IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics,2001,48(2):432-441
[20]. Su Jie,Zhou Dongfang,Yue Chunsheng,Real—time map matching algorithm in GPS navigation system for vehicles[J],ActaGeodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2001,30(3):252—256(in Chinese)
[21].程远会,基于ITS的智能车辆技术研究,武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2004
[22]. Kanwalijit,David Turner,Michael Shaw.Modernization of the Global Positioning System.ION GPS 2000,19-22 Sep.2000,Salt Lake City,UT,2175-2183
[23]. Captain Brian,C.Barker.John R.Straton.GPS Military Signal Modernization:Updates to Design and Characteristics.ION GPS 2000,19-22 Sep.2000, Salt Lake City,UT,2716-2721
[24]. Peter Fyfe,Kamran Ghassemi,Douglas Thompson,etc.GPS II F and Modernization-Taking theMost Advantages of GPS IIF Flexibility.ION GPS 2001,19-22Sep.2001, Salt Lake City,UT,641-649
[25]. S.Berchtold,D.A.Keim and H.Kriegel,The X-Tree:An Index Structure for High-Dimensional Data,Proc.22ndInt.on Very Large Data Bases,28-39,1996
[26]. Elliott D.Kaplan. Understanding GPS: Principles and Applications.Boston: Artech House Publishers,1996
[27].石剑民,崔建国,手持式GPS接收机的设计,沈阳航空工业学院学报,2005:54~57
[28].周忠谟,易杰军,周琪,GPS卫星测量原理与应用,北京,测绘出版社,1995
[29].刘基余,GPS卫星导航定位原理与方法,北京,科学出版社,2003
[30].魏子卿,葛茂荣,GPS相对定位的数学模型,北京,测绘出版社,1997
[31].赵军祥,高动态智能GPS卫星信号模拟器软件数学模型研究,北京,北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院,2003
[32].吴宁,80*86/Pentium微型计算机原理及应用,电子工业出版社,2000:11-15
[33].张迎新,单片微型计算机原理、应用及接口技术,国防工业出版社,2000:1-20
[34].郑学坚,周斌,微型计算机原理及应用,北京,清华大学出版社,2005:15-30
[35].张迎新,单片机初级教程,北京航空航天大学出版社,2000:1-25
[36].孙俊逸,盛秋林,单片机原理及应用,北京,清华大学出版社,2006:25-50
[37].赵文博,刘文涛,单片机语言C51程序设计,人民邮电出版社,2006:11-20
[38].刘文涛,单片机语言C51典型应用设计,人民邮电出版社,2005:15-30
[39].何立民,单片机高级教程,北京航空航天大学出版社,2000:20-25
[40].张志坚,安全行车的监护神,警察技术,2004,(1):39-40
[41].王学峰,曹健,前景广阔的汽车行驶记录仪Ⅲ,科技瞭望
[42].王作函,汽车行驶记录仪市场应用前景看好,商用汽车,2003,(11):70-71
[43].张建伟,应用汽车行驶记录仪开创安全管理新模式,内蒙古公路与运输,2003,(3)
[44].郑祖辉等,数字集群移动通信系统,北京,电子工业出版社,2002:12-30
[45].韩斌杰,GSM原理及其网络优化,第一版,北京,机械工业出版社,2002:1-15
[46].刘学军,徐鹏,交通地理信息系统,科学出版社,2006:15-30
[47].李满春,任建武,陈刚,周炎坤,GIS设计与实现,科学出版社,2003:1-30
[48].龙毅,温永宁,盛业华,电子地图学,科学出版社,2007:11-35
[49].王占全,赵斯思,徐慧,地理信息系统(GIS)开发工程案例精选,人民邮电出版社,2005
[50].薛伟,MapObjects地理信息系统程序设计,国防工业出版社,2004(1):25-50
[51]. MichelM ouly& M arie-BernadetteP auret,骆健霞翻译,GSM数字移动通信系统:30-60
[52]. Scott B.Guthery Mary J.Cronin,移动应用开发,短消息业务和SIM卡开发包,人民邮电出版社,2003(9):21-55
[53].周学泳,石丹,短信息(SMS)与WAP的开发及应用,电子工业出版社,2002(12):30-50
[54]. Angshuman Chakraborti Roopendra Jeet Sandhu Uday Kranti,.NET Framework专业项目实例开发,中国水利水电出版社,2003(2):33-60
[55].余振华,寇艳红,基于GPS/GPRS/GIS的实时车辆监控指挥系统设计及实现,ITS通讯,2004(4)
[56].李东江,李继远,蔡建业,闻新,基于GPS/GPRS/GIS的车辆监控系统,华北电力大学,计算机系,北京,中国航天二院二部
[2].王向远,GSM/GPS车辆监控指挥、调度报警系统,汽车与安全,2002(6)
[3].姜乃馨,汽车行驶记录仪与智能交通,客车技术,2006
[4].王凤林,汽车行驶记录仪相全球定位系统的区别,商用汽车,2003(11)
[5].向怀坤,张黔方,基于GPS、GIS与GSM开发车辆监控调度系统的研究,汽车工程,2002(3)
[6].魏铁军,文兵,漫说GSM/GPS车辆智能监控管理系统,汽车运用,2005(6)
[7]. Hoon Jung, Keumwoo Lee and Wookwan Chun. Integration of GIS, GPS, and optimization technologies for the effective control of parcel delivery service Computers & Industrial Engineering, Volume 51, Issue 1, September 2006, Pages 154-162
[8].富立,范耀祖,车辆定位导航系统,中国铁道出版社,2004:10-15
[9].张其善,吴今培,杨东凯,智能车辆定位导航系统设计及应用,科学出版社,2002:1-10
[10].肖长春,樊继亮,采用GPS卫星定位系统实现对行使车辆的监控,供电行业信息,2007(2)
[11]. Jung-Han Kim and Jun-Ho Oh A land vehicle tracking algorithm using stand-alone GPS Control Engineering Practice, Volume 8, Issue 10, October 2000, Pages 1189-1196
[12]. E. M. Nebot, H. Durrant Whyte and S. Scheding Frequency domain modeling of aided GPS for vehicle navigation systems Robotics and Autonomous Systems,Volume 25, Issues 1-2, 31 October 1998, Pages 73-82
[13]. J?rg F. Wagner and Günther Kasties Applying the principle of integrated navigation systems to estimating the motion of large vehiclesAerospace Science and Technology, Volume 8, Issue 2, March 2004, Pages 155-166
[14]. Alan Slater Specification for a dynamic vehicle routing and scheduling system International Journal of Transport Management, Volume 1, Issue 1, February 2002, Pages 29-40
[15]. George Taylor, Chris Brunsdon, Jing Li, Andrew Olden, D?rte Steup and Marylin Winter positioning and odometer calibration Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, Volume 30, Issue 6, November 2006, Pages 757-772
[16].常青,杨东凯,寇艳红,张其善,车辆导航定位方法及应用,机械工业出版社,2005:5-20
[17].赵亦林,车辆定位与导航系统,电子工业出版社,1999:1-20
[18]. GPS accuracy estimation using map matching techniques: Applied to vehicle
[19]. Kim S,Kim J H.Adaptive fuzzy-network-based C measure map matching algorithm for car navigation system [J],IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics,2001,48(2):432-441
[20]. Su Jie,Zhou Dongfang,Yue Chunsheng,Real—time map matching algorithm in GPS navigation system for vehicles[J],ActaGeodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2001,30(3):252—256(in Chinese)
[21].程远会,基于ITS的智能车辆技术研究,武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2004
[22]. Kanwalijit,David Turner,Michael Shaw.Modernization of the Global Positioning System.ION GPS 2000,19-22 Sep.2000,Salt Lake City,UT,2175-2183
[23]. Captain Brian,C.Barker.John R.Straton.GPS Military Signal Modernization:Updates to Design and Characteristics.ION GPS 2000,19-22 Sep.2000, Salt Lake City,UT,2716-2721
[24]. Peter Fyfe,Kamran Ghassemi,Douglas Thompson,etc.GPS II F and Modernization-Taking theMost Advantages of GPS IIF Flexibility.ION GPS 2001,19-22Sep.2001, Salt Lake City,UT,641-649
[25]. S.Berchtold,D.A.Keim and H.Kriegel,The X-Tree:An Index Structure for High-Dimensional Data,Proc.22ndInt.on Very Large Data Bases,28-39,1996
[26]. Elliott D.Kaplan. Understanding GPS: Principles and Applications.Boston: Artech House Publishers,1996
[27].石剑民,崔建国,手持式GPS接收机的设计,沈阳航空工业学院学报,2005:54~57
[28].周忠谟,易杰军,周琪,GPS卫星测量原理与应用,北京,测绘出版社,1995
[29].刘基余,GPS卫星导航定位原理与方法,北京,科学出版社,2003
[30].魏子卿,葛茂荣,GPS相对定位的数学模型,北京,测绘出版社,1997
[31].赵军祥,高动态智能GPS卫星信号模拟器软件数学模型研究,北京,北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院,2003
[32].吴宁,80*86/Pentium微型计算机原理及应用,电子工业出版社,2000:11-15
[33].张迎新,单片微型计算机原理、应用及接口技术,国防工业出版社,2000:1-20
[34].郑学坚,周斌,微型计算机原理及应用,北京,清华大学出版社,2005:15-30
[35].张迎新,单片机初级教程,北京航空航天大学出版社,2000:1-25
[36].孙俊逸,盛秋林,单片机原理及应用,北京,清华大学出版社,2006:25-50
[37].赵文博,刘文涛,单片机语言C51程序设计,人民邮电出版社,2006:11-20
[38].刘文涛,单片机语言C51典型应用设计,人民邮电出版社,2005:15-30
[39].何立民,单片机高级教程,北京航空航天大学出版社,2000:20-25
[40].张志坚,安全行车的监护神,警察技术,2004,(1):39-40
[41].王学峰,曹健,前景广阔的汽车行驶记录仪Ⅲ,科技瞭望
[42].王作函,汽车行驶记录仪市场应用前景看好,商用汽车,2003,(11):70-71
[43].张建伟,应用汽车行驶记录仪开创安全管理新模式,内蒙古公路与运输,2003,(3)
[44].郑祖辉等,数字集群移动通信系统,北京,电子工业出版社,2002:12-30
[45].韩斌杰,GSM原理及其网络优化,第一版,北京,机械工业出版社,2002:1-15
[46].刘学军,徐鹏,交通地理信息系统,科学出版社,2006:15-30
[47].李满春,任建武,陈刚,周炎坤,GIS设计与实现,科学出版社,2003:1-30
[48].龙毅,温永宁,盛业华,电子地图学,科学出版社,2007:11-35
[49].王占全,赵斯思,徐慧,地理信息系统(GIS)开发工程案例精选,人民邮电出版社,2005
[50].薛伟,MapObjects地理信息系统程序设计,国防工业出版社,2004(1):25-50
[51]. MichelM ouly& M arie-BernadetteP auret,骆健霞翻译,GSM数字移动通信系统:30-60
[52]. Scott B.Guthery Mary J.Cronin,移动应用开发,短消息业务和SIM卡开发包,人民邮电出版社,2003(9):21-55
[53].周学泳,石丹,短信息(SMS)与WAP的开发及应用,电子工业出版社,2002(12):30-50
[54]. Angshuman Chakraborti Roopendra Jeet Sandhu Uday Kranti,.NET Framework专业项目实例开发,中国水利水电出版社,2003(2):33-60
[55].余振华,寇艳红,基于GPS/GPRS/GIS的实时车辆监控指挥系统设计及实现,ITS通讯,2004(4)
[56].李东江,李继远,蔡建业,闻新,基于GPS/GPRS/GIS的车辆监控系统,华北电力大学,计算机系,北京,中国航天二院二部