IEC61850及其CORBA实现方法的研究
摘要
目前，变电站自动化系统已经得到广泛的应用，然而，这些自动化系统主要是基于专用的解决方案或者协议。各种解决方案使得电力公司的非标准化的趋势变得越来越严重。由于不同的系统之间的信息交换常常需要进行兼容工作，这使得实时信息交换、系统集成以及数据维护的费用急剧增长，不利于变电站自动化系统的发展。另外，随着计算机和网络技术的飞速发展，自动化系统的基础条件如INTERNET技术、面向对象技术、多代理技术、安全防护技术等已经具备。因此，为了解决目前的问题并适应将来新技术的发展，迫切需要一种统一的、基于高级实现方法的新的标准。
IEC61850的目标就是为了明显的提高变电站自动化系统内的数据集成，降低工程费用，提高变电站整个生命周期中的灵活性。IEC61850不同于以往大多数的通信规约，它使用了设备功能和设备组件的对象模型。这些模型定义了标准的数据格式和通信服务，支持不同生产厂商产品之间的互操作和更容易的集成。标准不仅包括变电站内部的保护和控制等设备，还包括变电站之间以及变电站与控制中心的SCADA之间的接口。
本文首先介绍了IEC61850的产生背景、主要特点和内容。然后主要针对在控制中心与变电站之间的CORBA实现方法做了论述，其中本人进行了IEC61850信息模型的UML描述工作、将IEC61850映射为CORBA的主要方法研究、使用Java语言实现IEC61850的CORBA映射的具体方法研究，本文对上述工作进行总结。
Automation systems in the area of power systems are widely accepted today, but they are mostly based on many proprietary solutions or standards. World-wide, electric utility deregulation is expanding for so many heterogeneous solutions. Utilities spend an ever-increasing amount for real-time information exchange, costs for system integration and data maintenance are exploding just for the compatible work of data exchanging between different systems, it is not propitious to the developing of automation system for power system. Additionally, with the rapid development of information technology, the base of automation system, for example INTERNET technology, Object-Oriented technology, Multi-Agent technology, Security technology, is mature. To meet today's and future requirements a new standard with an advanced approach has been requested a few years ago.
The objective of IEC61850 is to dramatically improve device data integration into information and automation technology, reduce the costs for engineering and increase the agility of the whole life cycle of a substation. IEC61850 differs from most previous utility protocols in its use of object models of device functions and device components. These models define common data formats and communication services, and support multivendor interoperability and ease of integration. The specification includes protection and control equipment in substation, interfaces between substations, as well as interfaces to supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) of control centers.
This paper describes the background, main characteristics and contents of IEC61850 firstly. Then it introduces the method of mapping into CORBA of IEC61850 between control center and substations. As author's main works, there are the UML description ways of IEC61850 models, main CORBA mapping ways of IEC61850 and the Java reality way of the mapping. The later part of this paper summarizes all these works.
IEC61850的目标就是为了明显的提高变电站自动化系统内的数据集成，降低工程费用，提高变电站整个生命周期中的灵活性。IEC61850不同于以往大多数的通信规约，它使用了设备功能和设备组件的对象模型。这些模型定义了标准的数据格式和通信服务，支持不同生产厂商产品之间的互操作和更容易的集成。标准不仅包括变电站内部的保护和控制等设备，还包括变电站之间以及变电站与控制中心的SCADA之间的接口。
本文首先介绍了IEC61850的产生背景、主要特点和内容。然后主要针对在控制中心与变电站之间的CORBA实现方法做了论述，其中本人进行了IEC61850信息模型的UML描述工作、将IEC61850映射为CORBA的主要方法研究、使用Java语言实现IEC61850的CORBA映射的具体方法研究，本文对上述工作进行总结。
Automation systems in the area of power systems are widely accepted today, but they are mostly based on many proprietary solutions or standards. World-wide, electric utility deregulation is expanding for so many heterogeneous solutions. Utilities spend an ever-increasing amount for real-time information exchange, costs for system integration and data maintenance are exploding just for the compatible work of data exchanging between different systems, it is not propitious to the developing of automation system for power system. Additionally, with the rapid development of information technology, the base of automation system, for example INTERNET technology, Object-Oriented technology, Multi-Agent technology, Security technology, is mature. To meet today's and future requirements a new standard with an advanced approach has been requested a few years ago.
The objective of IEC61850 is to dramatically improve device data integration into information and automation technology, reduce the costs for engineering and increase the agility of the whole life cycle of a substation. IEC61850 differs from most previous utility protocols in its use of object models of device functions and device components. These models define common data formats and communication services, and support multivendor interoperability and ease of integration. The specification includes protection and control equipment in substation, interfaces between substations, as well as interfaces to supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) of control centers.
This paper describes the background, main characteristics and contents of IEC61850 firstly. Then it introduces the method of mapping into CORBA of IEC61850 between control center and substations. As author's main works, there are the UML description ways of IEC61850 models, main CORBA mapping ways of IEC61850 and the Java reality way of the mapping. The later part of this paper summarizes all these works.
引文
[1] "Part 5: Communication Requirements for Functions and Device Models", Draft IEC 61850-5。
[2] "Part 6: Configuration description language for communication in electrical substations related to IEDs" CDV2R8Draft IEC 61850-6。
[3] "Part7-1:Basic communication structure for substation and feeder equipment-Principles and models" ,FDIS IEC61850-7-1。
[4] "Part7-2:Basic communication structure for substations and feeder equipment-Abstract communication service interface(ACSI)" ,FDIS IEC61850-7-2。
[5] "Part7-3: :Basic communication structure for substations and feeder equipment-Common data classes", FDIS IEC61850-7-3。
[6] "Part7-4: :Basic communication structure for substations and feeder equipment-Compatible logical node classes and data classes", FDIS IEC61850-7-3。
[7] "Significant Substation Communication Standardization Development" Eric Udren Cutler-Hammer Pittsburgh, Steven Kunsman ,Dave Dolezilek.
[8] "Seamless Telecontrol Communication Architecture (sTCA)" Wolfgang Maerz, RWE Net, Dortmund, Germany, w@maerz.do.uunet.de.
[9] "IEEE UCA~(TM) AND IEC 61850 APPLIED IN DIGITAL SUBSTATIONS",Karlheinz Schwarz,Schwarz Consulting Company, SCC,schwarz@scc-online.de.
[10] "STANDARD IEC 61850 FOR SUBSTATION AUTOMATION AND OTHER POWER SYSTEM APPLICATIONS" Karlheinz Schwarz ,SCC, Karlsruhe, Germany.
[11] "Comparison of IEC60870-5-101/103/104,DNP3,and IEC60870-6-TASE.2 with IEC61850", Karlheinz Schwarz.
[12] "PERSPECTIVES FOR THE SUBSTATION DIGITAL BAYS", Luc HOSSENLOPP ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control ,FRANCE.
[13] "THE BENEFITS OF THE COMING STANDARD IEC61850 FOR COMMUNICATION IN SUBSTATIONS ",Lars Andersson, Klaus-Peter Brand,ABB Power Automation Ltd., Switzerland.Southern African Conference on Power System Protection Johannesburg South Africa, 8, 9 November 2000.
[14] "Seamless Communication with IEC61850 for Distributed Power Generation", Karlheinz Schwarz.,SCC,October,2001.
[15] "The Benefits of a Distribution Automation System Using the Utility Communications Architecture (UCA)",Robert F. Gilbert, Valmet Automation (USA), Inc. James L. Goodin United Power Association,Kathleen Nelson, P.E.United Power Association.
[16] "Towards a Composition Model Problem Based on IEC61850" Otto Preiss1 Alain Wegmann,Department of Information Technologies Department of Computer Science ABB Corporate Research Ltd Swiss Federal Institute of Technology.
[17] "Mapping IEC61850 to CORBA", Ricardo Sanz,Universidad Politécnica de Madrid José Antonio Clavijo,SCILabs Ingenieros.
[18] "CORBA-BASED INTEROPERATION IN SUBSTATION AUTOMATION SYSTEMS" Ricardo sanz, Ignacio Gonzalez, Miguel Segarra, Raoul Tagliarini ,Luis Gomes ,Gregorio
Hernandez, Antonio Zangrilli.
[19] Applying Object-Orientation and Component Technology to Architecture Design of Power System Monitoring,Xiaobing Qiu, Member, IEEE,Wolfgang Wimmer,ABB Power Automation Ltd,
[20] The Fusion of Internet and Ethernet Technologies Ushers in a New Era in Substation Automation, Dave Banham BEng, Kevin Hill BSc,Alstom Transmission and Distribution, Protection and Control Limited,St. Leonards Works, Stafford, Alstom.
[21] Integrated Substation Control and Equipment Monitoring and Diagnostics ,CEPSI 2000,Conference,October 23 to 27, 2000,Manila, Philippines.
[22] UCA 2.0:The GE Experience,Mark Adamiak Drew Baigent,GE Power Management King of Prussia, PA Markham, Ontario.
[23] “有关变电站自动化系统国际标准的动态”，谭文恕，变电站综合自动化技术。
[24] 《UML Programming Guide设计核心技术》，蒋慧，吴礼发，陈卫卫编写，北京希望电子出版社。
[25] 《XML技术手册》Elliotte Rusty Harold e W.Scott Means著，中国电力出版社。
[26] 《XML程序设计》栗松涛著，清华大学出版社。
[27] 《XML从入门到精通》[美]Ann Navarro,Chuck White,Linda Burman，电子工业出版社。
[28] 《JAVA2应用开应用开发指南》，飞思科技产品研发中心编著，电子工业出版社。
[29] 《最新Jbuilder开发人员指南》，田勇，孙新编著，机械工业出版社。
[30] 《变电站综合自动化技术》，黄益庄编著，中国电力出版社。
[31] 《CORBA系统结构、原理与规范》OMG编著，韦乐平、薛君敖、盂洛明主持编译，电子工业出版社。
[32] 《智能CORBA》[美],Robert Orfali,Dan Harkey,Jeri Edwards著，电子工业出版社。
[33] 《COM与CORBA本质与互用》[美],Jason Pritchard著，清华大学出版社。
[34] 《VisiBmker for Java开发人员指南》，Borland/Inprise公司著，李文军，周晓聪，李师贤译，机械工业出版社。
[35] 《JAVA分布式应用程序设计》，苏洋著，北京希望电子出版社。
[36] “变电站的计算机网络安全分析”，高卓、罗毅、徐光瑜，吴彤著，《电力系统自动化》2001．1。
[37] “新世纪电网调度自动化技术发展趋势”，辛耀中，《2001电力信息技术(IT)应用与发展学术研讨》。
[38] http://www.dls.org.cn/.quojibiaozhunhua/tc57mulu.htm 中国电力标准化。
[39] http://www.iec. ch/cgi-bin/procgi.pl/www/iecwww. p?wwwlang=E&wwwprog=sea1122.p&class=&refno=&committee=57&search=publication&pubno=61850&part=&se=&header=IEC&pcomm=&dcom=&dclass=&drefno=&searchfor= IEC61850进展情况。
[40] http://www.autoage.net/goto/develop/zhauto/zhauto.htm 变电站自动化技术文献。
[41] http://www.omg.org/gettingstarted/OMG的CORBA课堂。
[42] http://cn.sun.com/developers/technicalArticles/rmi-corba/p2.html用RMI和CORBA进行分布式Java编程。
[43] http://www.apusic.com/docs/tech/article/qt/6733667809.htm Java与CORBA技术结合的前景展望。
[44] http ://www. nettedautomation.com/index. html Karlheinz Schwarz先生的技术网站。
[2] "Part 6: Configuration description language for communication in electrical substations related to IEDs" CDV2R8Draft IEC 61850-6。
[3] "Part7-1:Basic communication structure for substation and feeder equipment-Principles and models" ,FDIS IEC61850-7-1。
[4] "Part7-2:Basic communication structure for substations and feeder equipment-Abstract communication service interface(ACSI)" ,FDIS IEC61850-7-2。
[5] "Part7-3: :Basic communication structure for substations and feeder equipment-Common data classes", FDIS IEC61850-7-3。
[6] "Part7-4: :Basic communication structure for substations and feeder equipment-Compatible logical node classes and data classes", FDIS IEC61850-7-3。
[7] "Significant Substation Communication Standardization Development" Eric Udren Cutler-Hammer Pittsburgh, Steven Kunsman ,Dave Dolezilek.
[8] "Seamless Telecontrol Communication Architecture (sTCA)" Wolfgang Maerz, RWE Net, Dortmund, Germany, w@maerz.do.uunet.de.
[9] "IEEE UCA~(TM) AND IEC 61850 APPLIED IN DIGITAL SUBSTATIONS",Karlheinz Schwarz,Schwarz Consulting Company, SCC,schwarz@scc-online.de.
[10] "STANDARD IEC 61850 FOR SUBSTATION AUTOMATION AND OTHER POWER SYSTEM APPLICATIONS" Karlheinz Schwarz ,SCC, Karlsruhe, Germany.
[11] "Comparison of IEC60870-5-101/103/104,DNP3,and IEC60870-6-TASE.2 with IEC61850", Karlheinz Schwarz.
[12] "PERSPECTIVES FOR THE SUBSTATION DIGITAL BAYS", Luc HOSSENLOPP ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control ,FRANCE.
[13] "THE BENEFITS OF THE COMING STANDARD IEC61850 FOR COMMUNICATION IN SUBSTATIONS ",Lars Andersson, Klaus-Peter Brand,ABB Power Automation Ltd., Switzerland.Southern African Conference on Power System Protection Johannesburg South Africa, 8, 9 November 2000.
[14] "Seamless Communication with IEC61850 for Distributed Power Generation", Karlheinz Schwarz.,SCC,October,2001.
[15] "The Benefits of a Distribution Automation System Using the Utility Communications Architecture (UCA)",Robert F. Gilbert, Valmet Automation (USA), Inc. James L. Goodin United Power Association,Kathleen Nelson, P.E.United Power Association.
[16] "Towards a Composition Model Problem Based on IEC61850" Otto Preiss1 Alain Wegmann,Department of Information Technologies Department of Computer Science ABB Corporate Research Ltd Swiss Federal Institute of Technology.
[17] "Mapping IEC61850 to CORBA", Ricardo Sanz,Universidad Politécnica de Madrid José Antonio Clavijo,SCILabs Ingenieros.
[18] "CORBA-BASED INTEROPERATION IN SUBSTATION AUTOMATION SYSTEMS" Ricardo sanz, Ignacio Gonzalez, Miguel Segarra, Raoul Tagliarini ,Luis Gomes ,Gregorio
Hernandez, Antonio Zangrilli.
[19] Applying Object-Orientation and Component Technology to Architecture Design of Power System Monitoring,Xiaobing Qiu, Member, IEEE,Wolfgang Wimmer,ABB Power Automation Ltd,
[20] The Fusion of Internet and Ethernet Technologies Ushers in a New Era in Substation Automation, Dave Banham BEng, Kevin Hill BSc,Alstom Transmission and Distribution, Protection and Control Limited,St. Leonards Works, Stafford, Alstom.
[21] Integrated Substation Control and Equipment Monitoring and Diagnostics ,CEPSI 2000,Conference,October 23 to 27, 2000,Manila, Philippines.
[22] UCA 2.0:The GE Experience,Mark Adamiak Drew Baigent,GE Power Management King of Prussia, PA Markham, Ontario.
[23] “有关变电站自动化系统国际标准的动态”，谭文恕，变电站综合自动化技术。
[24] 《UML Programming Guide设计核心技术》，蒋慧，吴礼发，陈卫卫编写，北京希望电子出版社。
[25] 《XML技术手册》Elliotte Rusty Harold e W.Scott Means著，中国电力出版社。
[26] 《XML程序设计》栗松涛著，清华大学出版社。
[27] 《XML从入门到精通》[美]Ann Navarro,Chuck White,Linda Burman，电子工业出版社。
[28] 《JAVA2应用开应用开发指南》，飞思科技产品研发中心编著，电子工业出版社。
[29] 《最新Jbuilder开发人员指南》，田勇，孙新编著，机械工业出版社。
[30] 《变电站综合自动化技术》，黄益庄编著，中国电力出版社。
[31] 《CORBA系统结构、原理与规范》OMG编著，韦乐平、薛君敖、盂洛明主持编译，电子工业出版社。
[32] 《智能CORBA》[美],Robert Orfali,Dan Harkey,Jeri Edwards著，电子工业出版社。
[33] 《COM与CORBA本质与互用》[美],Jason Pritchard著，清华大学出版社。
[34] 《VisiBmker for Java开发人员指南》，Borland/Inprise公司著，李文军，周晓聪，李师贤译，机械工业出版社。
[35] 《JAVA分布式应用程序设计》，苏洋著，北京希望电子出版社。
[36] “变电站的计算机网络安全分析”，高卓、罗毅、徐光瑜，吴彤著，《电力系统自动化》2001．1。
[37] “新世纪电网调度自动化技术发展趋势”，辛耀中，《2001电力信息技术(IT)应用与发展学术研讨》。
[38] http://www.dls.org.cn/.quojibiaozhunhua/tc57mulu.htm 中国电力标准化。
[39] http://www.iec. ch/cgi-bin/procgi.pl/www/iecwww. p?wwwlang=E&wwwprog=sea1122.p&class=&refno=&committee=57&search=publication&pubno=61850&part=&se=&header=IEC&pcomm=&dcom=&dclass=&drefno=&searchfor= IEC61850进展情况。
[40] http://www.autoage.net/goto/develop/zhauto/zhauto.htm 变电站自动化技术文献。
[41] http://www.omg.org/gettingstarted/OMG的CORBA课堂。
[42] http://cn.sun.com/developers/technicalArticles/rmi-corba/p2.html用RMI和CORBA进行分布式Java编程。
[43] http://www.apusic.com/docs/tech/article/qt/6733667809.htm Java与CORBA技术结合的前景展望。
[44] http ://www. nettedautomation.com/index. html Karlheinz Schwarz先生的技术网站。