基于移动学习的教学系统设计
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摘要
随着计算机技术、网络技术和通信技术的迅速发展,信息技术环境下人们的学习生活方式发生了重大变革。截止2007年6月30日,中国手机用户已超过5个亿,尤其值得注意的是,受手机上网资费下调的影响,手机上网已经在我国渐成风气,成为整个市场新的趋势。与此同时,在科技进步的推动下手机的功能也越来越强大。收发短信、彩信、电子邮件,播放音频、视频文件等等功能日臻成熟,现在的手机集通讯、商务、娱乐于一身,具有电话、电脑、电视、电游、信用卡、mp4等功能,把人类带入一个五彩斑斓的新世界。
因此利用手机、PDA等移动终端进行学习早已不是梦想,移动学习便是当前的研究热点。本论文的研究重点是基于移动学习的教学系统设计,首先通过教育技术学的研究方法内容分析法,对国内的学术论文和学位论文进行深入分析,理清了移动学习研究在国内的发展动向;其次,通过“计算机基础”课程的移动学习教学实践研究,总结出符合我国成人学习者的移动学习教学平台应具备的特点;在此基础上,从以“学”为主的角度来探讨移动学习中的教学设计,完成并详细阐述了移动学习教学设计流程图;最后根据此教学设计思想,从软件工程的角度,研究设计基于移动学习的教学系统,完成了该平台的用例图、静态视图、动态视图、系统结构以及数据库的设计。希望能为本项目的后继研究工作提供方法论意义上的参考。
Thanks to the rapid development of the computer, network and communication technologies, people's learning and living style is changing so much at present. Until June 30, 2007, there are more than 5000 million mobile phone users in China. Especially after the decreased cost of internet accessing through mobile phone, the number of users who use it to surf is increasing quickly. Now the cell phone is used to receive and transmit SMS, MMS, e-mail, to play audio and video, etc. The mobile devices make people's learning and living become more and more convenient.
Mobile learning is a research hotspot at present, this paper mainly focus on the teaching system design based on mobile learning. By analyzing the theoretical research and empirical study on mobile learning, an instructional design process is given, which is based on mobile learning and education technology, and the process priority is given to learning and learners. And then the thesis designs the teaching system of mobile learning from the software engineer view. This paper is expected to provide a methodological significance to the development of the mobile learning software, which is according the educational technology thought and requiring the adult learners' demands.
This paper consists of six chapters.
The first chapter introduces why this topic is chosen, which project it comes from, what contents to be researched, the definition of related terms, and puts forwards the framework of this paper.
Chapter two is the theory research, it summarizes the present mobile learning projects, abroad and home, mainly analyzes how the mobile learning is developing at home by content analysis method, and then describes it from the content and time points.
Chapter three is the class experiment part, it compares the present mobile learning systems, and investigates an educational experiment on the mobile learning in computer basis curriculum, then takes a conclusion on what kind of teaching system is suitable for adult learners.
Chapter four is about the instructional design, it designs a mobile learning teaching system process diagram which is based on the education technology theory and describes the details of every part, such as learning requirement analysis, the characters of the learners, etc.
Chapter five is the core of this paper, according the process of chapter four, it designs the teaching system based on mobile learning, includes six parts: the requirement analysis, which contains use case diagram and analysis classes; static diagram, which is about design class diagram; dynamic diagram, such as sequence diagram and collaboration diagram; the architecture of the system and deployment diagram; data tables and choice of database; the comparison of development model and tools.
Chapter six summarizes the whole paper and work, innovations and deficiency, and prospects the future development of mobile learning.
因此利用手机、PDA等移动终端进行学习早已不是梦想,移动学习便是当前的研究热点。本论文的研究重点是基于移动学习的教学系统设计,首先通过教育技术学的研究方法内容分析法,对国内的学术论文和学位论文进行深入分析,理清了移动学习研究在国内的发展动向;其次,通过“计算机基础”课程的移动学习教学实践研究,总结出符合我国成人学习者的移动学习教学平台应具备的特点;在此基础上,从以“学”为主的角度来探讨移动学习中的教学设计,完成并详细阐述了移动学习教学设计流程图;最后根据此教学设计思想,从软件工程的角度,研究设计基于移动学习的教学系统,完成了该平台的用例图、静态视图、动态视图、系统结构以及数据库的设计。希望能为本项目的后继研究工作提供方法论意义上的参考。
Thanks to the rapid development of the computer, network and communication technologies, people's learning and living style is changing so much at present. Until June 30, 2007, there are more than 5000 million mobile phone users in China. Especially after the decreased cost of internet accessing through mobile phone, the number of users who use it to surf is increasing quickly. Now the cell phone is used to receive and transmit SMS, MMS, e-mail, to play audio and video, etc. The mobile devices make people's learning and living become more and more convenient.
Mobile learning is a research hotspot at present, this paper mainly focus on the teaching system design based on mobile learning. By analyzing the theoretical research and empirical study on mobile learning, an instructional design process is given, which is based on mobile learning and education technology, and the process priority is given to learning and learners. And then the thesis designs the teaching system of mobile learning from the software engineer view. This paper is expected to provide a methodological significance to the development of the mobile learning software, which is according the educational technology thought and requiring the adult learners' demands.
This paper consists of six chapters.
The first chapter introduces why this topic is chosen, which project it comes from, what contents to be researched, the definition of related terms, and puts forwards the framework of this paper.
Chapter two is the theory research, it summarizes the present mobile learning projects, abroad and home, mainly analyzes how the mobile learning is developing at home by content analysis method, and then describes it from the content and time points.
Chapter three is the class experiment part, it compares the present mobile learning systems, and investigates an educational experiment on the mobile learning in computer basis curriculum, then takes a conclusion on what kind of teaching system is suitable for adult learners.
Chapter four is about the instructional design, it designs a mobile learning teaching system process diagram which is based on the education technology theory and describes the details of every part, such as learning requirement analysis, the characters of the learners, etc.
Chapter five is the core of this paper, according the process of chapter four, it designs the teaching system based on mobile learning, includes six parts: the requirement analysis, which contains use case diagram and analysis classes; static diagram, which is about design class diagram; dynamic diagram, such as sequence diagram and collaboration diagram; the architecture of the system and deployment diagram; data tables and choice of database; the comparison of development model and tools.
Chapter six summarizes the whole paper and work, innovations and deficiency, and prospects the future development of mobile learning.
引文
[1]德斯蒙德·基更.移动学习:下一代的学习.亚洲开放大学协会第18届年会,2004-11;
[2]中国互联网络信息中心.中国互联网络发展统计报告.http://www.mii.gov.cn/,2007-7;
[3]中国信息产业部,2007年1-11月通信行业运行状况,http://www.mii.gov.cn/art/2007/12/26/art_169_35434.html,2007年12月26日;
[4]屏幕尺寸可达100寸,手机摇身变成投影仪,http://www.ccidcom.com/Mobile/Customization/200801/27400.html,2008-1-5;
[5]易观预测北京2008年奥运会将推动WiMAX,http://tech.sina.com.cn/t/2007-03-02/13391398992.shtml,2007-03-02;
[6]黄德群.移动学习研究对远程教育的影响[J].中国远程教育,2005,(12月上);
[7]叶成林.移动学习研究综述[J].电化教育研究,2004,(3);
[8]Franz Lehner,Holger Nosekabel.《The Roie Of Mobile Devices In E-Learning—First Experiences With A wireless e-learning environment》.中国移动教育;
[9]刘豫钧.移动学习-国内外之综述[J].现代教育技术,2004;
[10]何克抗等编著.教学系统设计[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2002,p3;
[11]傅松,陆剑锋,许满武,张宏,刘凤玉.多Agent系统开发方法AMT及其应用.南京大学学报(自然科学版),1997;
[12]李克东编著.教育技术学研究方法[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2002,p228;
[13]章文波、陈红艳编著.实用数据统计分析及SPSS12.0应用[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006,p77;
[14]国内移动学习产业在未来3年将有突破性发展.http://www.mlearning.org.cn/html/02/viewnews_itemid_102.html,2007-05;
[15]中央电教馆课题立项批文.http://aplei.noahedu.com/sysmain/info/show.jsp?id=24;
[16]余胜泉、刘军.手持式网络学习系统在学科教学中的应用研究》的实施目 标与策略.http://aplei.noahedu.com/sysmain/info/show.jsp?id=66,2007-03;
[17]蒋秀芳.中国移动教育通信有限责任公司可行性的分析[硕士学位论文].北京邮电大学,2003;
[18]2007移动学习产业投资与运营(北京)峰会圆满闭幕.http://www.mlearning.org.cn/html/98/viewnews_itemid_198.html;
[19]李玉斌.一种新的学习方式[J].现代远距离教育[J].2005,(1);
[20]刘金梅,李青,刘建设.从论文的内容分析看移动学习研究的发展.第十一届全球华人计算机教育应用大会GCCCE2007论文集,2007;
[21]Bischoff.R.(1998)Informal learning in the workplace announcement;
[22]余胜泉,毛芳.非正式学习——E-Learning研究与实践的新领域[J].电化教育研究,2005,(10),P18-23;
[23]海南教育网.世界成人教育趋势.http://www.edu.cn/20020228/3021370.shtml;
[24]Sharples,M.(2006)Big Issues in Mobile Learning.Report of a workshop by the Kaleidoscope Network of Excellent Mobile Learning Initiative,16.
[25]王佑镁.电子学档:信息化教学的新思路[J].中国电化教育,2002,(10);
[26]Hsuan-PuChang,An Adaptive Course Cashing Strategy Applied to SCORM Compliant Mobile Learning System,第十一届全球华人计算机教育应用大会GCCCE2007 论文集,2007;
[27]谢幼茹,柯清超.网络课程的开发与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005,p65;
[28]面向对象,http://wiki.ccw.com.cn/%E9%9D%A2%E5%90%91%E5%AF%B9%E8%B1%A1,2007-02;
[29]赵池龙等编著.实用软件工程(第二版)[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006,p67;
[30]姜茸.UML在网站信息发布系统中的应用[J].计算机与信息技术,2007(16);
[31]UMLChina工作组编著.UML参考手册(第2版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005,p4;
[32]UMLChina工作组编著.UML参考手册(第2版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005,p3。
[1]周世兵,刘渊.运用UML对基于J2EE的Web应用系统建模研究[J].计算机工程与设计,2007,1(2);
[2]陈阵.基于UML的教学质量监控系统建模[J].电脑开发与应用,2007(9);
[3]闾晨光,浦金云,候岳.UML在舰艇损管训练系统设计中的应用[J].船舶工程,2007(4);
[4]蒋勇,李光文.基于UML的教务综合管理系统的分析与设计[J].福建电脑,2007(6);
[5]孟昭鹏.基于802.11b标准的移动无线教学系统的设计[硕士学位论文].天津大学,2002;
[6]欧阳城添.基于移动教育支持平台英语单词智能型泛在学习系统的研究[硕士学位论文].首都师范大学,2004;
[7]刘彦.移动式学习平台体系结构设计与实现研究[硕士学位论文].湖南大学,2005。
[2]中国互联网络信息中心.中国互联网络发展统计报告.http://www.mii.gov.cn/,2007-7;
[3]中国信息产业部,2007年1-11月通信行业运行状况,http://www.mii.gov.cn/art/2007/12/26/art_169_35434.html,2007年12月26日;
[4]屏幕尺寸可达100寸,手机摇身变成投影仪,http://www.ccidcom.com/Mobile/Customization/200801/27400.html,2008-1-5;
[5]易观预测北京2008年奥运会将推动WiMAX,http://tech.sina.com.cn/t/2007-03-02/13391398992.shtml,2007-03-02;
[6]黄德群.移动学习研究对远程教育的影响[J].中国远程教育,2005,(12月上);
[7]叶成林.移动学习研究综述[J].电化教育研究,2004,(3);
[8]Franz Lehner,Holger Nosekabel.《The Roie Of Mobile Devices In E-Learning—First Experiences With A wireless e-learning environment》.中国移动教育;
[9]刘豫钧.移动学习-国内外之综述[J].现代教育技术,2004;
[10]何克抗等编著.教学系统设计[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2002,p3;
[11]傅松,陆剑锋,许满武,张宏,刘凤玉.多Agent系统开发方法AMT及其应用.南京大学学报(自然科学版),1997;
[12]李克东编著.教育技术学研究方法[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2002,p228;
[13]章文波、陈红艳编著.实用数据统计分析及SPSS12.0应用[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006,p77;
[14]国内移动学习产业在未来3年将有突破性发展.http://www.mlearning.org.cn/html/02/viewnews_itemid_102.html,2007-05;
[15]中央电教馆课题立项批文.http://aplei.noahedu.com/sysmain/info/show.jsp?id=24;
[16]余胜泉、刘军.手持式网络学习系统在学科教学中的应用研究》的实施目 标与策略.http://aplei.noahedu.com/sysmain/info/show.jsp?id=66,2007-03;
[17]蒋秀芳.中国移动教育通信有限责任公司可行性的分析[硕士学位论文].北京邮电大学,2003;
[18]2007移动学习产业投资与运营(北京)峰会圆满闭幕.http://www.mlearning.org.cn/html/98/viewnews_itemid_198.html;
[19]李玉斌.一种新的学习方式[J].现代远距离教育[J].2005,(1);
[20]刘金梅,李青,刘建设.从论文的内容分析看移动学习研究的发展.第十一届全球华人计算机教育应用大会GCCCE2007论文集,2007;
[21]Bischoff.R.(1998)Informal learning in the workplace announcement;
[22]余胜泉,毛芳.非正式学习——E-Learning研究与实践的新领域[J].电化教育研究,2005,(10),P18-23;
[23]海南教育网.世界成人教育趋势.http://www.edu.cn/20020228/3021370.shtml;
[24]Sharples,M.(2006)Big Issues in Mobile Learning.Report of a workshop by the Kaleidoscope Network of Excellent Mobile Learning Initiative,16.
[25]王佑镁.电子学档:信息化教学的新思路[J].中国电化教育,2002,(10);
[26]Hsuan-PuChang,An Adaptive Course Cashing Strategy Applied to SCORM Compliant Mobile Learning System,第十一届全球华人计算机教育应用大会GCCCE2007 论文集,2007;
[27]谢幼茹,柯清超.网络课程的开发与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005,p65;
[28]面向对象,http://wiki.ccw.com.cn/%E9%9D%A2%E5%90%91%E5%AF%B9%E8%B1%A1,2007-02;
[29]赵池龙等编著.实用软件工程(第二版)[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006,p67;
[30]姜茸.UML在网站信息发布系统中的应用[J].计算机与信息技术,2007(16);
[31]UMLChina工作组编著.UML参考手册(第2版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005,p4;
[32]UMLChina工作组编著.UML参考手册(第2版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005,p3。
[1]周世兵,刘渊.运用UML对基于J2EE的Web应用系统建模研究[J].计算机工程与设计,2007,1(2);
[2]陈阵.基于UML的教学质量监控系统建模[J].电脑开发与应用,2007(9);
[3]闾晨光,浦金云,候岳.UML在舰艇损管训练系统设计中的应用[J].船舶工程,2007(4);
[4]蒋勇,李光文.基于UML的教务综合管理系统的分析与设计[J].福建电脑,2007(6);
[5]孟昭鹏.基于802.11b标准的移动无线教学系统的设计[硕士学位论文].天津大学,2002;
[6]欧阳城添.基于移动教育支持平台英语单词智能型泛在学习系统的研究[硕士学位论文].首都师范大学,2004;
[7]刘彦.移动式学习平台体系结构设计与实现研究[硕士学位论文].湖南大学,2005。