DCS教学实验系统的实施和研究
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摘要
分布式计算机控制系统(DCS)已经广泛应用于各种工业领域的自动控制系统。DCS系统应用于教学将对自动化实验教学水平的提高具有非常现实的意义，本课题基于SUPCON JX-300X DCS系统，设计构成一个完整的教学实验系统，使学生在理解工业过程控制及其动态特性方面得到深入的理解，并且增强实际操作能力。本文主要设计了基于JX-300X DCS的教学实验系统，进行了经典建模的试验，并且对所建模型进行了MATLAB仿真控制和实验验证探讨，实验证明，本教学实验系统设计合理，达到了为学生进行DCS教学和实验的一系列要求。
在整个工业过程的基础控制中，广泛采用着机理简单、结构改变灵活的常规PID控制方式，但常规的PID控制方式其参数的整定依赖于被控过程的精确的数学模型。对被控过程的机理分析的越透彻，建立的数学模型越精确，整定的PID参数越
太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文
恰当，控制效果也就越好。然而，有些过程是一个复杂的、存
在众多干扰因素的过程，惯性大、滞后时间长，有很强的非线
性和时变性，是难以用精确的数学模型描述的。针对复杂过程
的这种实际特点，本文介绍了先进的智能控制技术一模糊技术
与PID有机结合的方法和途径。在分析、总结模糊控制本质思
想的基础上，设计了一种模糊控制器，对所建模型及类似过程
进行了仿真探索。
本课题的研究对实际工业生产具有非常重要的意义，可以
提高产品成品率、节约能源、降低生产成本以及提高劳动生产
率。也是目前DCS和先进控制理论相结合发展的一个方向;
同时作为实验室控制装置，为广大学生了解先进控制理论提供
了实际实验装置，并且能观察到经典控制理论所无法具有的实
际控制效果。
The develop of distributed computer control system is very rapid. The application of the DCS(Supcon JX-300X) in our lab to teaching were discussed in this paper. The result of experiments shows: Simulative training is especially effective when used to help the students understand the technique of industry engineering process and the dynamic character of the control system and improve the ability to operate and control the process of techque. DCS JX-300X of Zhe Da supcon Co., is applied in the project, through which is successful to developing a friendly control picture beautiful process picture, accuracy database and table by system design. It can alarm by color online which can improve safe efficiency obviously. Classical modeling base on JX-300X
DCS is studied. We give their modeling and simulation under the Matlab environment. The method is illustrated by a example of process control. The result of simulation have shown the efficiency of the model.
Because of its simple mechanism and flexible structure,the conventional PID control is widely used in the whole industrial areas(as a fundamental control method).But the parameters of P, I, D must be tuned by the accurate model of system:The more accurate mathematical model is got, the more appropriate parameters are obtained,and the better control results are reached But some processing has a big lag, a very long transient time, many influence factors, it is a non-linear, time-varying process. All these make it difficult to create an accurate practical mathematical model. Aimed at these features of complex processing, in this thesis, one of the intelligent control-fuzzy technique is studied, and the approach using PID and fuzzy control is provided. In the complex processing, there has many fuzzy variables, these variables are analyzed based on the
concepts of the fuzzy control, a fuzzy controller is designed, Simulations verify its effectiveness.
The study of project is remarkable for enhancing the rate of end products,decreasing prime costs, improving the productive. And it is a future direction for DCS binding Advanced control protocol. The project also provides a necessary way for students to understand Advanced Control protocol theory, through which a good performance can be observed but can't be got from classical control theory.
在整个工业过程的基础控制中，广泛采用着机理简单、结构改变灵活的常规PID控制方式，但常规的PID控制方式其参数的整定依赖于被控过程的精确的数学模型。对被控过程的机理分析的越透彻，建立的数学模型越精确，整定的PID参数越
太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文
恰当，控制效果也就越好。然而，有些过程是一个复杂的、存
在众多干扰因素的过程，惯性大、滞后时间长，有很强的非线
性和时变性，是难以用精确的数学模型描述的。针对复杂过程
的这种实际特点，本文介绍了先进的智能控制技术一模糊技术
与PID有机结合的方法和途径。在分析、总结模糊控制本质思
想的基础上，设计了一种模糊控制器，对所建模型及类似过程
进行了仿真探索。
本课题的研究对实际工业生产具有非常重要的意义，可以
提高产品成品率、节约能源、降低生产成本以及提高劳动生产
率。也是目前DCS和先进控制理论相结合发展的一个方向;
同时作为实验室控制装置，为广大学生了解先进控制理论提供
了实际实验装置，并且能观察到经典控制理论所无法具有的实
际控制效果。
The develop of distributed computer control system is very rapid. The application of the DCS(Supcon JX-300X) in our lab to teaching were discussed in this paper. The result of experiments shows: Simulative training is especially effective when used to help the students understand the technique of industry engineering process and the dynamic character of the control system and improve the ability to operate and control the process of techque. DCS JX-300X of Zhe Da supcon Co., is applied in the project, through which is successful to developing a friendly control picture beautiful process picture, accuracy database and table by system design. It can alarm by color online which can improve safe efficiency obviously. Classical modeling base on JX-300X
DCS is studied. We give their modeling and simulation under the Matlab environment. The method is illustrated by a example of process control. The result of simulation have shown the efficiency of the model.
Because of its simple mechanism and flexible structure,the conventional PID control is widely used in the whole industrial areas(as a fundamental control method).But the parameters of P, I, D must be tuned by the accurate model of system:The more accurate mathematical model is got, the more appropriate parameters are obtained,and the better control results are reached But some processing has a big lag, a very long transient time, many influence factors, it is a non-linear, time-varying process. All these make it difficult to create an accurate practical mathematical model. Aimed at these features of complex processing, in this thesis, one of the intelligent control-fuzzy technique is studied, and the approach using PID and fuzzy control is provided. In the complex processing, there has many fuzzy variables, these variables are analyzed based on the
concepts of the fuzzy control, a fuzzy controller is designed, Simulations verify its effectiveness.
The study of project is remarkable for enhancing the rate of end products,decreasing prime costs, improving the productive. And it is a future direction for DCS binding Advanced control protocol. The project also provides a necessary way for students to understand Advanced Control protocol theory, through which a good performance can be observed but can't be got from classical control theory.
引文
[1] 牛昱光等，DCS教学实验系统的实现，太原理工大学学报，2004
[2] 袁任光，集散型控制系统应用技术与实例。北京：机械工业出版社，2003
[2] 袁任光，集散型控制系统应用技术与实例。北京：机械工业出版社，2003