声透镜波束形成和水声图像处理技术研究
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摘要
高分辨率成像声纳被广泛应用于海洋环境监测与资源开发中。论文对高分辨率成像声纳的两个关键技术:波束形成技术和水声图像处理技术进行了研究。
论文首先研究了可用于高分辨率声成像的声透镜波束形成技术。利用混合模型计算了透镜声场,通过仿真计算分析了透镜几何参数、材料参数和环境温度对波束形成性能影响的规律;通过试验验证了仿真模型的正确性。
其次,论文研究了基于序列声图像的水下目标定位方法。结合图像特点重点研究了图像预处理方法和后续降噪方法,经过预处理、图像累加、后续降噪实现了轨迹合成与目标定位。
论文最后研究了水声图像分割技术。针对两类不同的声图像——前视声纳图像和侧扫声纳图像,分别讨论了适用的处理方法。重点研究了侧扫声纳的目标亮区和影区的分割方法。
High-resolution imaging sonar is widely applied to ocean monitoring and exploiting. In this thesis, two key-techniques of high-resolution imaging sonar are studied: beam-forming and acoustical image processing.
Firstly, acoustical lens beam-forming applicable for high-resolution imaging is studied. The acoustical field is calculated from hybrid model. Then, it is simulated that how the beam-forming performance changed by the geometrical and material parameters of the lens and the temperature. The model is verified by experimentation.
Secondly, an underwater-object localization method based on sequencal acoustical images is studied. Preprocessing and post de-noising are discussed with consideration of image characteristics. Tracing and objects localizationing are implemented via the procedure of: preprocessing, images accumulation, post de-noising.
At last, acoustical image segmentation is studied. The methods which can be applied to images of forward looking sonar and side-scan sonar, are discussed respectively. The emphasis of this part is the method for segmenting bright-area and shadow-area in the side-scan sonar images.
论文首先研究了可用于高分辨率声成像的声透镜波束形成技术。利用混合模型计算了透镜声场,通过仿真计算分析了透镜几何参数、材料参数和环境温度对波束形成性能影响的规律;通过试验验证了仿真模型的正确性。
其次,论文研究了基于序列声图像的水下目标定位方法。结合图像特点重点研究了图像预处理方法和后续降噪方法,经过预处理、图像累加、后续降噪实现了轨迹合成与目标定位。
论文最后研究了水声图像分割技术。针对两类不同的声图像——前视声纳图像和侧扫声纳图像,分别讨论了适用的处理方法。重点研究了侧扫声纳的目标亮区和影区的分割方法。
High-resolution imaging sonar is widely applied to ocean monitoring and exploiting. In this thesis, two key-techniques of high-resolution imaging sonar are studied: beam-forming and acoustical image processing.
Firstly, acoustical lens beam-forming applicable for high-resolution imaging is studied. The acoustical field is calculated from hybrid model. Then, it is simulated that how the beam-forming performance changed by the geometrical and material parameters of the lens and the temperature. The model is verified by experimentation.
Secondly, an underwater-object localization method based on sequencal acoustical images is studied. Preprocessing and post de-noising are discussed with consideration of image characteristics. Tracing and objects localizationing are implemented via the procedure of: preprocessing, images accumulation, post de-noising.
At last, acoustical image segmentation is studied. The methods which can be applied to images of forward looking sonar and side-scan sonar, are discussed respectively. The emphasis of this part is the method for segmenting bright-area and shadow-area in the side-scan sonar images.
引文
[1]Edward O.Belcher and Hien Q.Dinh.Limpet Mine Imaging Sonar(LIMIS).Proceeding of SPIE vol.3711,13~(rd) Annual International Symposium on Aerosense,Orlando FL,,April 1999
[2]Edward O.Belcher and Danna C.Lynn.Beamforming and Imaging with acoustic lenses in small,high-frequency sonars.Proceeding of Ocean'99Conference,13-16 September 1999
[3]傅临泰.圆柱液体声透镜.舰船科学技术.1992年第2期
[4]耿成德等.声纳用圆柱声透镜实试验研究.声学与电子工程.1993年第2期
[5]李颂文.声透镜波束形成技术.声学技术.2007年第5期
[6]卞红雨,桑恩方.可用于高分辨率成像声纳的声透镜波束形成技术.声学与电子工程.2002增刊:28-30页
[7]卞红雨.水下机器人声视觉系统的几项关键技术研究.哈尔滨工程大学博士学位论文.1999
[8]S.Daniel.et al.Side-scan sonar image matching.IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.1998,23(3):245-259P
[9]Liu chen-chen,Sang en-fang.Application of morphological filter in underwater acoustic-image processing system.Papers of the 3rd International Workshop on Acoustical Engineering and Technology.2002:207-210P
[10]M.J.Chantler,J.P.Stoner.Automatic interpretation of sonar imagery using qualitative feature matching.IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.1994,19(3):391-405P
[11]卞红雨,朱殿尧等.一种基于图像处理技术的椭圆与矩形目标识别方法.国家知识产权局专利数据库 200810064063.8
[12]杨词银,许枫.基于分形锥的底质分类.海洋测绘.2004,24(6):5-8页
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[15]Sutton Jeffrey et al.Enhancing mine signatures in sonar images using nested neural networks.Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering.1999,37(1):570-577P
[16]K.S.Thyagarajan,T.Nguyen,C.E.Persons.Maximum likelihood approach to image texture and acoustic signal classification.IEE Proceedings:Vision,Image and Signal Processing.1999,146(1):34-39P
[17]卞红雨,桑恩方.水声视觉系统的设计与应用.第五届全国计算机应用联合学术会议论文集.1999.12:6-25页--6-27
[18]赵景义,卞红雨.水下运动目标轨迹的三维测量系统.中国测绘学会第十三届海洋测绘综合性学术研讨会论文集.2001.9
[19]Kevin Fink.Computer Simulation of Pressure Fields Generated by Acoustic Lens Beamformers.Thesis for Master degree of University of Washington.1994
[20]李启虎.进入21世纪的声纳技术[J].应用声学,2002,21(1):13-18页
[21]王燕.非合作目标精确定位技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2006
[22]刘卓夫.基于图像内容的水下目标识别技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2004
[23]刘晨晨.高分辨率成像声纳图像识别技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2006
[24]章毓晋.图像工程(上册)图像处理和分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998
[25]阮秋琦.数字图像处理学.北京:电子工业出版社,2001:199-208页,429-453页
[26]李弼程,彭天强等.智能图象处理技术.电子工业出版社,2004:178页
[27]章毓晋.图像分析(第二版).清华大学出版社,2005:401-423页
[28]U.Hoelscher-Hoebing,D.Kraus.Unsupervised Image Segmentation and Image Fusion for Multi-Beam/Multi-Aspect Sidescan Sonar Images.OCEANS'98 Conference Proceedings.Volume 1,28 Sept.-1 Oct 1998:571-576P
[29]M sezgin,B Sankur,Survey over Image Thresholding Techniques and Quantitative Performance Evaluation[J].Journal of Electronic Imaging,2004,13(1):146-165P
[2]Edward O.Belcher and Danna C.Lynn.Beamforming and Imaging with acoustic lenses in small,high-frequency sonars.Proceeding of Ocean'99Conference,13-16 September 1999
[3]傅临泰.圆柱液体声透镜.舰船科学技术.1992年第2期
[4]耿成德等.声纳用圆柱声透镜实试验研究.声学与电子工程.1993年第2期
[5]李颂文.声透镜波束形成技术.声学技术.2007年第5期
[6]卞红雨,桑恩方.可用于高分辨率成像声纳的声透镜波束形成技术.声学与电子工程.2002增刊:28-30页
[7]卞红雨.水下机器人声视觉系统的几项关键技术研究.哈尔滨工程大学博士学位论文.1999
[8]S.Daniel.et al.Side-scan sonar image matching.IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.1998,23(3):245-259P
[9]Liu chen-chen,Sang en-fang.Application of morphological filter in underwater acoustic-image processing system.Papers of the 3rd International Workshop on Acoustical Engineering and Technology.2002:207-210P
[10]M.J.Chantler,J.P.Stoner.Automatic interpretation of sonar imagery using qualitative feature matching.IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.1994,19(3):391-405P
[11]卞红雨,朱殿尧等.一种基于图像处理技术的椭圆与矩形目标识别方法.国家知识产权局专利数据库 200810064063.8
[12]杨词银,许枫.基于分形锥的底质分类.海洋测绘.2004,24(6):5-8页
[13]G.L.FORESTI,S.GENTILI.A vision based system for object detection in underwater images.International journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence.2001,14(2):167-188P
[14]Tang Xiaoou.Multiple competitive learning network fusion for object classification.IEEE Trans on Systems,Man and Cyber-netics part B:Cybernetics.1998,28(4):532-543P
[15]Sutton Jeffrey et al.Enhancing mine signatures in sonar images using nested neural networks.Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering.1999,37(1):570-577P
[16]K.S.Thyagarajan,T.Nguyen,C.E.Persons.Maximum likelihood approach to image texture and acoustic signal classification.IEE Proceedings:Vision,Image and Signal Processing.1999,146(1):34-39P
[17]卞红雨,桑恩方.水声视觉系统的设计与应用.第五届全国计算机应用联合学术会议论文集.1999.12:6-25页--6-27
[18]赵景义,卞红雨.水下运动目标轨迹的三维测量系统.中国测绘学会第十三届海洋测绘综合性学术研讨会论文集.2001.9
[19]Kevin Fink.Computer Simulation of Pressure Fields Generated by Acoustic Lens Beamformers.Thesis for Master degree of University of Washington.1994
[20]李启虎.进入21世纪的声纳技术[J].应用声学,2002,21(1):13-18页
[21]王燕.非合作目标精确定位技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2006
[22]刘卓夫.基于图像内容的水下目标识别技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2004
[23]刘晨晨.高分辨率成像声纳图像识别技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2006
[24]章毓晋.图像工程(上册)图像处理和分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998
[25]阮秋琦.数字图像处理学.北京:电子工业出版社,2001:199-208页,429-453页
[26]李弼程,彭天强等.智能图象处理技术.电子工业出版社,2004:178页
[27]章毓晋.图像分析(第二版).清华大学出版社,2005:401-423页
[28]U.Hoelscher-Hoebing,D.Kraus.Unsupervised Image Segmentation and Image Fusion for Multi-Beam/Multi-Aspect Sidescan Sonar Images.OCEANS'98 Conference Proceedings.Volume 1,28 Sept.-1 Oct 1998:571-576P
[29]M sezgin,B Sankur,Survey over Image Thresholding Techniques and Quantitative Performance Evaluation[J].Journal of Electronic Imaging,2004,13(1):146-165P