基于视觉技术的可重组测量系统的研制
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摘要
传统的测试系统一般都使用专用设备和程序进行构建,这种方法功能单一,可扩展性差。而虚拟仪器技术的出现为机械工程测试提供了一种新的思路,虚拟仪器系统为用户提供一系列可供调用的仪器面板,不同模块仪器之间的关系由开发人员编程完成,具有柔性化构建测量系统的功能。而对于测试技术人员来讲,希望测试系统的柔性构建只与测试理论和技术相关而不涉及复杂的软件编程工作,这同时也是现代科学研究与高校实验室敏捷化测试的要求。因此基于模块化思想的快速可重组测量实验系统的开发具有重要的理论和实际意义。而将视觉技术引入可重组测量实验系统,避免了人工视觉的局限性和易疲劳性影响,具有广阔的研究和应用前景。
本文针对《机械工程测量学》课程实验测试内容的需求,讨论了以多自由度运动平台、多功能图象采集卡、多功能数据采集卡和多种传感器及装夹具为基础的系统硬件平台架构;分析了基于可重组、敏捷化需求的系统软件平台的主要模块构成和实现免编程构建测试系统的关键技术;重点探讨了在Visual C++开发环境下结合OpenCV开源计算机视觉库,NI-DAQ和NI-IMAQ提供的DAQ和IMAQ函数库,对图像测量系统中的自动调焦系统的研究,系统多线程运行及线程间通信等技术的实际运用,并针对具体设计给出了说明。论文还在所开发的基于视觉技术的可重组实验平台上就标准圆柱形齿轮参数的测量和误差分析验证了其可行性与实用性。
Generally,in such traditional course experiment as Mechanical Engineering Measurement, special instruments and program which have been designed are used. Those traditional methods are with single function and their flexibility and expansibility are bad. The development of Virtual Instrument Technology provides a new idea. Software system of Virtual Instrument offers a serial of instrument panel which could be called. The relation between different modules would be done by developer. By this way, measurement system could be made up rapidly. Besides, the model frame and software flow diagram of experiment systems are similar, if software and hardware of experiment systems were built by modularization methods, it could greatly avoid repeated development of software and repeated investment of hardware. so it has important practical meaning to study and develop experiment systems by modularization methods. Applying the visual technology into reconfigurable measurement system,it avoids the limitations of artificaial vision and easy-fatigue effects,the system has broad research and application prospects.
Based on the experimental test requirement of course“Mechanical Engineering Surveying”.the paper discusses the development of the rapidly recombination measurement system,which hardware consists of many freedom degrees platform , the multifunctional DAQ card-PCI6013 , the multifunctional IMAQ card-PXI 1409 and several kinds of sensors .moreover,the paper analyses main module constitutes of system software plat which is based on agile need and recombination ,and realizes the key technology of test system which is free programming..Based on VC++ and combined with National Instruments integrated development suite, the paper studys auto focusing and adjust system in the measurement system, utilizes multifunctional thread run and thread corresponding technology and gives specific design and description.Based on visual techonology reconfigurable plat ,the paper complishs the parameter measurement and error analysis ofstandard cylindrical gear, tests and verifies feasibility and practicality.
Based on the need of measurement for mechanical engineering objects, the develop of the rapidly recombination measurement system ,which hardware was based on the mechanical platform which has five degree of freedom, with the multifunctional DAQ card-PCI6013 and several kinds of sensors were used as the acquisition tool. This paper concentrates on development of the rapidly recombination measurement & control system based on Visual C++6.0 development environment and Measurement Studio integrated development tools. The main topics of this paper are as follow:
1)Frame design of the hardware platform of the rapidly recombination measurement system.
2)Detail design of main functional modules of this measurement system.
3)Detail design and application of the main functional controls based on ActiveX technology.
4)Taking gear as an example, this paper realizes the application of the above measurement system.
The application of the above measurement system for some classic experiments verified its feasibility and validity.
本文针对《机械工程测量学》课程实验测试内容的需求,讨论了以多自由度运动平台、多功能图象采集卡、多功能数据采集卡和多种传感器及装夹具为基础的系统硬件平台架构;分析了基于可重组、敏捷化需求的系统软件平台的主要模块构成和实现免编程构建测试系统的关键技术;重点探讨了在Visual C++开发环境下结合OpenCV开源计算机视觉库,NI-DAQ和NI-IMAQ提供的DAQ和IMAQ函数库,对图像测量系统中的自动调焦系统的研究,系统多线程运行及线程间通信等技术的实际运用,并针对具体设计给出了说明。论文还在所开发的基于视觉技术的可重组实验平台上就标准圆柱形齿轮参数的测量和误差分析验证了其可行性与实用性。
Generally,in such traditional course experiment as Mechanical Engineering Measurement, special instruments and program which have been designed are used. Those traditional methods are with single function and their flexibility and expansibility are bad. The development of Virtual Instrument Technology provides a new idea. Software system of Virtual Instrument offers a serial of instrument panel which could be called. The relation between different modules would be done by developer. By this way, measurement system could be made up rapidly. Besides, the model frame and software flow diagram of experiment systems are similar, if software and hardware of experiment systems were built by modularization methods, it could greatly avoid repeated development of software and repeated investment of hardware. so it has important practical meaning to study and develop experiment systems by modularization methods. Applying the visual technology into reconfigurable measurement system,it avoids the limitations of artificaial vision and easy-fatigue effects,the system has broad research and application prospects.
Based on the experimental test requirement of course“Mechanical Engineering Surveying”.the paper discusses the development of the rapidly recombination measurement system,which hardware consists of many freedom degrees platform , the multifunctional DAQ card-PCI6013 , the multifunctional IMAQ card-PXI 1409 and several kinds of sensors .moreover,the paper analyses main module constitutes of system software plat which is based on agile need and recombination ,and realizes the key technology of test system which is free programming..Based on VC++ and combined with National Instruments integrated development suite, the paper studys auto focusing and adjust system in the measurement system, utilizes multifunctional thread run and thread corresponding technology and gives specific design and description.Based on visual techonology reconfigurable plat ,the paper complishs the parameter measurement and error analysis ofstandard cylindrical gear, tests and verifies feasibility and practicality.
Based on the need of measurement for mechanical engineering objects, the develop of the rapidly recombination measurement system ,which hardware was based on the mechanical platform which has five degree of freedom, with the multifunctional DAQ card-PCI6013 and several kinds of sensors were used as the acquisition tool. This paper concentrates on development of the rapidly recombination measurement & control system based on Visual C++6.0 development environment and Measurement Studio integrated development tools. The main topics of this paper are as follow:
1)Frame design of the hardware platform of the rapidly recombination measurement system.
2)Detail design of main functional modules of this measurement system.
3)Detail design and application of the main functional controls based on ActiveX technology.
4)Taking gear as an example, this paper realizes the application of the above measurement system.
The application of the above measurement system for some classic experiments verified its feasibility and validity.
引文
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[27]吴健辉,许朝侠,杨坤涛,张国云,指纹图像预处理中的关键技术研究[J],计算机工程与应用,2008年03期.
[28]朱宁玉,汪家旺,胡益斌,张维林,X光图像灰度变换技术临床应用研究[J],医疗设备信息,2007年01期.
[29]郭圣文,Visual J++ 6.0中读取图像的灰度与进行灰度变换[J],电脑编程技巧与维护2001年第09期.
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[31]魏先民,基于边缘特征的二值化域值选取方法[J],中国论文联盟,2008.6 .
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[34]董嘉玥,高全辉,可重组综合测控站[J],导弹与航天运载技术,2001年02期.
[35]胡涛,陈世哲,刘国栋,浦昭邦,显微视觉系统中自动调焦评价函数的选取[J],半导体光电,编辑部邮箱2006年02期.
[36] Zhiqiang ZHENG,Hao LIANG,Hai MING,et al. Optical Transition Probability of the Er3+ Ion in Er(DBM)3phen-doped Poly(methyl methacrylate) [J].Optics Communications,2003,20 (5):149~153.
[37] WU Xiaobo. Analyzing of the characteristic of image [J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 1999, 7 1:59 - 63.
[38] Hueckel M F. A local visual operator which recognizes edges andlines [J]. JACM, 1973, 20:634—647.
[39] SASAKI Y, TANIGUCHI E. Shaking table tests on gravel drains to prevennt liquefaction of sanddeposits [J]. Soil and Foundations, 1982, 22(3): 114.
[40] KHALID A, ALSHIBLI, MOHAMMAD Z, et al. Estimating volume change of triaxial soil specimens from planar images [J]. Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastru- cture Engineering, 2001, 16(6): 415421.
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[42] Gale M alcolm Pitch fume treatment of a green carbon plant J A lum inium Today, 2002, 14 1: 21-24.
[2] LI Jian,WANG Heng2kui,JU Hua,etal (李剑,王恒奎,鞠华等). Research and development of no contact freeform surface measurement system [J]. Journal of Engineering Design (工程设计学报) ,2000, (3) : 48-51. (in Chinese) .
[3]马科研,基于图像处理技术的齿轮参数测量研究[J],西安理工大学,2005.5
[4]许健,赵转萍,郑东,基于虚拟仪器的多功能快速重组测量实验平台[J],北京,仪器仪表与分析监测,2006年第1期:18~20.
[5]张建明等著,机电一体化设计[J],北京理工大学出版社,1995.
[6] SMD-530F五相步进电机驱动器说明书[M],常州华音电子有限公司.
[7]严一平,虚拟仪器的总线技术[J],上海计量测试,2002年第3期:13~15页.
[8]范逸之,廖锦棋编著,Visual Basic硬件设计与开发[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2004年5月.
[9]管士亮,中国现代教育装备[M],2005年07期。
[10] NI Corporation,PCI E Series User Manual[J],1999.3
[11]陈东雷,王清元,张天顺,CCD传感器及其应用研究[J],传感器世界,2007年07期.
[12]韩静,吴俊林,CCD传感器工作原理及光强分布的测量[J],陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2006年02期.
[13]黄美玲,张伯珩,边川平,李露瑶,达选福,CCD和CMOS图像传感器性能比较[D],科学技术与工程,2007年02期.
[14]杨琪文,虚拟仪器在机械工程测试技术中的应用与开发研究[J],扬州职业大学学报,2008年03期.
[15]王樱,杨军,软件开发与软件开发工具浅析,郑州纺织工学院学报[J],2000年01期.
[16]求是科技,王正军编著,Visual C++6.0程序设计从入门到精通[M],人民邮电出版社, 2006.1.
[17]梁普选,Visual C++程序设计与实践[M],北京,清华大学出版社,2005.8.
[18]孙鑫,余安萍,VC++深入详解[M],北京,电子工业出版社,2006.6.
[19]万仕中,林暄,正确看待“图像信息处理”[J],今日湖北(理论版),2007年05期.
[20]杨顺辽,李泽军,基于Visual C++的数字图像处理实验软件开发[M],国土资源高等职业教育研究,2007年02期.
[21]熊显涛,杜宝江,机器视觉工具包OpenCV开发技术[J],科技信息(学术研究),2008年19期.
[22]陈磊,计算机视觉类库OpenCV在VC中的应用[J],微计算机信息,2007年12期.
[23]黎松,平西建,丁益洪,开放源代码的计算机视觉类库OpenCV的应用[J],计算机应用与软件,2005年08期.
[24]孙鑫,余安萍,Visual C++深入详解[M],北京,电子工业出版社,2006.6 .
[25]武雅丽,利用Visual C++6.0实现多线程编程,现代电子技术,2003年第8期总第151页.
[26]王子亮,潘林,余轮,基于矢量方法的图像预处理及其应用[J],计算机与数字工程,2008年11期.
[27]吴健辉,许朝侠,杨坤涛,张国云,指纹图像预处理中的关键技术研究[J],计算机工程与应用,2008年03期.
[28]朱宁玉,汪家旺,胡益斌,张维林,X光图像灰度变换技术临床应用研究[J],医疗设备信息,2007年01期.
[29]郭圣文,Visual J++ 6.0中读取图像的灰度与进行灰度变换[J],电脑编程技巧与维护2001年第09期.
[30]章毓晋,图像工程(上册)第二版[M],清华大学出版社,2006.3,102~103.
[31]魏先民,基于边缘特征的二值化域值选取方法[J],中国论文联盟,2008.6 .
[32]张立科,Visual C++数字图像处理典型算法及实现[M],求是科技,2006.5 .
[33]左飞,万晋森,刘航,Visual C++数字图像处理开发入门与编程实践[M],北京,电子工业出版社,2008.3.
[34]董嘉玥,高全辉,可重组综合测控站[J],导弹与航天运载技术,2001年02期.
[35]胡涛,陈世哲,刘国栋,浦昭邦,显微视觉系统中自动调焦评价函数的选取[J],半导体光电,编辑部邮箱2006年02期.
[36] Zhiqiang ZHENG,Hao LIANG,Hai MING,et al. Optical Transition Probability of the Er3+ Ion in Er(DBM)3phen-doped Poly(methyl methacrylate) [J].Optics Communications,2003,20 (5):149~153.
[37] WU Xiaobo. Analyzing of the characteristic of image [J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 1999, 7 1:59 - 63.
[38] Hueckel M F. A local visual operator which recognizes edges andlines [J]. JACM, 1973, 20:634—647.
[39] SASAKI Y, TANIGUCHI E. Shaking table tests on gravel drains to prevennt liquefaction of sanddeposits [J]. Soil and Foundations, 1982, 22(3): 114.
[40] KHALID A, ALSHIBLI, MOHAMMAD Z, et al. Estimating volume change of triaxial soil specimens from planar images [J]. Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastru- cture Engineering, 2001, 16(6): 415421.
[41] Zhang Z Y.Aflexible new technique for camera calibration [J]. IEEE Trans PAMI, 2000 22:1330-1334.
[42] Gale M alcolm Pitch fume treatment of a green carbon plant J A lum inium Today, 2002, 14 1: 21-24.