盾构刀盘三维数值模拟研究
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摘要
近年来,随着科学与技术的不断发展,人们对空间需求已经从地上逐步发展到地下,开发利用地下空间最主要的工具就是隧道挖掘机。然而,挖掘过程中盾构会遇到各种不同的地层,刀盘刀具的受力十分复杂,因此,研究盾构刀盘和刀具与土体的相互作用至关重要。
利用有限元软件ANSYS建立了盾构刀盘和刀具的有限元模型,对刀盘和刀具进行了静态的数值模拟。模拟了刀盘在不同工况及不同设计方案下,如:在刀盘上施加偏载、改变刀盘和牛腿之间的夹角以及改变刀盘钢板的厚度等,刀盘和刀具的受力状态,这将为优化刀盘结构设计提供依据。
深入研究了在不同地区和不同地质条件下土壤模型以及模型参数,充分考虑土壤与刀具之间的相互作用和土壤的失效形式,在此基础上,结合土力学的理论,获得了适合于沿海城市的土壤模型和参数。
利用有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA做了三维动态的数值模拟。在模拟的过程中,充分考虑土体材料非线性和土体的大变形,仿真采用任意拉格朗日—欧拉(ALE)算法以及流固耦合的方法,有效解决了土体大变形造成的有限元单元畸变等问题。模拟出盾构在推进过程中,土体被切削过程中的变形情况,使其真实反映了刀盘刀具与土体接触过程中受力状态的变化规律。
在动态模拟的过程中使用了计算机并行计算技术,与传统的计算机计算技术相比,并行计算技术有效的降低计算耗时问题并大大提高了计算效率。
In recent yeas,with scientific and technical progress,people's demand for space has been gradually developed from the ground to underground,the most important tool to exploit and utilize underground space is shield machine.However,in the process of tunneling,shield machine encounters all kinds of different strata and the stress in the cutter head and cutter is very complicated,therefore,it is essential to research the interaction of cutter head and soil.
With an emphasis laid on the finite element software ANSYS,the finite element model of cutter head and cutter is established,and also set a static numerical simulation of cutter head.The stress in the cutter head and cutter is simulated in different conditions and different design options,such as:the cutter head is imposed on the partial load,change the angle of cutter head and corbels and also change the thickness of cutter head,which will optimize the structure of cutter head.
The soil model and the parameters are deeply studied in different regions and different geological conditions,the interaction of tool and soil and the failure of the soil are given full consideration,on this basis,combined the soil mechanics theory,the soil model and parameters which suited to coastal cities are obtained.
A dynamic three-dimensional numerical simulation is done by the finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA.In the course of the simulation,taking nonlinear behaviors soil into account,this simulation uses Arbitrary Lagrangian Eluerian(ALE) formalism and fluid-solid coupling.With the method,the problem of finite element mesh distortions in soil is solved.In the process of tunneling,the deformation of soil which is cut is simulated,so that it reflects the stress in the course of the contact of the tool and soil.
The computer parallel technology is used in the process of dynamic simulation,it effectively reduce the time-consuming computer problems and greatly improve the efficiency,compared to the traditional computer technology.
利用有限元软件ANSYS建立了盾构刀盘和刀具的有限元模型,对刀盘和刀具进行了静态的数值模拟。模拟了刀盘在不同工况及不同设计方案下,如:在刀盘上施加偏载、改变刀盘和牛腿之间的夹角以及改变刀盘钢板的厚度等,刀盘和刀具的受力状态,这将为优化刀盘结构设计提供依据。
深入研究了在不同地区和不同地质条件下土壤模型以及模型参数,充分考虑土壤与刀具之间的相互作用和土壤的失效形式,在此基础上,结合土力学的理论,获得了适合于沿海城市的土壤模型和参数。
利用有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA做了三维动态的数值模拟。在模拟的过程中,充分考虑土体材料非线性和土体的大变形,仿真采用任意拉格朗日—欧拉(ALE)算法以及流固耦合的方法,有效解决了土体大变形造成的有限元单元畸变等问题。模拟出盾构在推进过程中,土体被切削过程中的变形情况,使其真实反映了刀盘刀具与土体接触过程中受力状态的变化规律。
在动态模拟的过程中使用了计算机并行计算技术,与传统的计算机计算技术相比,并行计算技术有效的降低计算耗时问题并大大提高了计算效率。
In recent yeas,with scientific and technical progress,people's demand for space has been gradually developed from the ground to underground,the most important tool to exploit and utilize underground space is shield machine.However,in the process of tunneling,shield machine encounters all kinds of different strata and the stress in the cutter head and cutter is very complicated,therefore,it is essential to research the interaction of cutter head and soil.
With an emphasis laid on the finite element software ANSYS,the finite element model of cutter head and cutter is established,and also set a static numerical simulation of cutter head.The stress in the cutter head and cutter is simulated in different conditions and different design options,such as:the cutter head is imposed on the partial load,change the angle of cutter head and corbels and also change the thickness of cutter head,which will optimize the structure of cutter head.
The soil model and the parameters are deeply studied in different regions and different geological conditions,the interaction of tool and soil and the failure of the soil are given full consideration,on this basis,combined the soil mechanics theory,the soil model and parameters which suited to coastal cities are obtained.
A dynamic three-dimensional numerical simulation is done by the finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA.In the course of the simulation,taking nonlinear behaviors soil into account,this simulation uses Arbitrary Lagrangian Eluerian(ALE) formalism and fluid-solid coupling.With the method,the problem of finite element mesh distortions in soil is solved.In the process of tunneling,the deformation of soil which is cut is simulated,so that it reflects the stress in the course of the contact of the tool and soil.
The computer parallel technology is used in the process of dynamic simulation,it effectively reduce the time-consuming computer problems and greatly improve the efficiency,compared to the traditional computer technology.
引文
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[7]Yong R N,Hanna A W,Finite element analysis of plane soil cutting.J.of Terramechanic,1977,14(3):103-125
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[9]郭志军,周志立,佟金等,抛物线型切削面切削性能二维有限元分析,洛阳工学院学报,2002,23(4);1-4
[10]陆怀民,张云廉,刘晋浩,土壤切削弹粘塑性有限元分析,岩土工程学报,1995,17(2):100-105
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[18]Kushwaha R L,Zhang Z X,Evaluation of factors and current approaches related to computerized design of tillage tools:a review,Journal of Terramechanics,1998,35(2):69-86
[19]McKyes E,Soil cutting and tillage,Elsevier:Amsterdam,1985
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[22]Abo-ElnorM,Hamilton R,Boyle J T,3D dynamic analysis of soil-tool interaction using thefiniteelementmethod[J],Journal of Terramechanics,2003,40(1):51-62
[23]Onate E,Rojek J,Combination of discrete element and finite element methods for dynamic analysis of geomechanics problems[J],Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering,2004,193(27-29):3087-3128
[24]Karmakar S,Kushwaha R L,Simulation of soil deformation around a tillage tool using computational fluid dynamics[J],Transactions of the ASAE,2005,48(3):923-932
[25]陈先国,高波,地铁近距离平行隧道有限元数值模拟,岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(9):1330-1334
[26]吴波,高波,地铁区间隧道施工对近邻管线影响的止维数值模拟,岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(增2):2451-2456
[27]林刚,何川,盾构隧道基础上修建三连拱地铁车站结构参数研究,铁道学报,2003,25(6):93-98
[28]李围,何川,盾构隧道基础上修建三条平行隧道地铁车站的施工力学行为研究,现代隧道技术,2004,41(1):5-9
[29]Schmitt J,Fritsch M,Gatermann J,et al,Numerical investigations to the influence of rearrangement of ground pressuer for shield tunneling,Proceedings ICOSSAR 2005,Millpress,Rotterdam,2005.1317-1322
[30]张小妹,杜丽惠,运用MSC.Marc实现地下厂房开挖施工过程的仿真分析,2003年MSC.Software中国用户论文集:1-8
[31]Kasper T,Meschke G,A 3D finite element simulation model for TBM tunneling in softground,In t.J.Numer.Anal.Meth.Geomech,2004,28:1441-1460
[32]李园,孙群岭,盾构隧道施工过程的有限元分析,低温建筑技术,2003,(6):54-56
[33]姜忻良,赵志民,李园,天津地铁盾构施工对临近工程设施影响的动态模拟,天津大学学报,2006,39(2):188-193
[34]Karakus M,Fowell R J,Effects of different tunnel face advance excavation on the settlement by FEM,Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2003,18: 513-523
[35]Susila E,Hryciw R D,Large displacement FEM modeling of the cone penetration test(CPT) in normally consolidated sand[J],International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,2003,27(7):585-602
[36]陶龙光,刘波,丁城刚等,盾构过地铁站施工对地表沉降影响的数值模拟,中国矿业大学学报,2003,23(3):236-240
[37]朱伟,秦建设,卢廷浩,砂土中后构开挖面变形与破坏数值模拟研究,岩土工程学报,2005,27(8):897-902
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