中空磁性介孔纳米催化剂的制备及其在有机化学反应中的应用
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摘要
中空磁性介孔硅球(HMMS)具有优良的结构受到很大的关注,由于他们独一无二的特征,像低毒、好的兼容性、低的密度、磁性特点和高的比表面积,并且在孔表面拥有丰富的硅羟基,适合在多相催化体系中作为载体。显然,结合金属纳米颗粒和中空磁性纳米颗粒得到中空磁性介孔纳米催化剂(金属/HMMS),将具有高效的催化活性和可磁性回收特点。Pd/HMMS和Ag/HMMS,通过各种表征手段分析催化剂的结构,并且研究了它们在有机化学反应中的应用。
1.钯和Fe304纳米粒子嵌入在介孔硅壳的中空磁性介孔纳米催化剂(Pd/HMMS)通过葡萄糖溶胶碳球,钯和四氧化三铁颗粒聚合物作为硬模板,包裹四乙氧基硅烷(TEOS)和十六烷基三甲氧基溴化铵(CTAB)混合物成功的制备。所合成的Pd/HMMS在Suzuki偶联反应中显示了超好的催化活性,对碘苯和苯硼酸的反应,仅仅3min时间便可以得到超过99%的产率,而且经过多次重复回收再利用催化活性几乎没有下降。
2.由中空磁性介孔硅球和银纳米颗粒组成的Ag/HMMS纳米催化剂,在温和的条件下,高效的催化p-二羰基化合物胺化形成p-烯胺酮(酯)类化合物。在甲醇作为溶剂,60℃的条件下,乙酰丙酮和苄胺仅仅反应一个小时可以达到100%的产率。这种新颖的催化剂可在外界磁场下容易的从反应体系中分离出来,并且循环利用五次催化活性并没有明显的降低。
Hollow magnetic mesoporous silica spheres (HMMS) with well-defined structures have received great interest as supports in heterogeneous catalysis systems, owing to their unique properties such as low toxicity, good compatibilities, low density, magnetic properties and very high specific surface area with abundant Si-OH bonds on the pore surface. Obviously, to combine metal nanoparticles and HMMS to form hollow magnetic mesoporous nano-catalysts (metal/HMMS) will realize high activity and magnetic recyclability. We synthesized Pd/HMMS and Ag/HMMS, to analyze the structure of the catalysts through a variety of characterization methods, and study their application in organic reactions.
1. The nano-catalyst of hollow magnetic mesoporous silica spheres (Pd/HMMS), with Pd and Fe3O4nanoparticles embedded in the mesoporous silica shell, were successfully prepared by using the colloidal carbon spheres of glucose, Pd and Fe3O4heteroaggregates as the hard template together with a coating of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) mixture. The synthesized Pd/HMMS shows excellent catalytic activity in the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of iodobenzene with phenylboronic acid with over99%yield in3min and can be recycled multiple times without any significant loss in catalytic activity.
2. A nano-cayalyst (Ag/HMMS) composed of hollow magnetic mesoporous spheres (HMMS) and Ag nanoparticles was found to be an efficient catalyst for synthesis of P-enamino ketones or esters from β-dicarbonyl compound under mild reaction conditions. Using methanol as a solvent, the condensation reaction of acetylacetone and benzylamine proceeded to give over100%yields at60℃for1h. The novel catalyst could be easily recovered by an external magnet from the reaction mixture and recycled five times without any significant loss in activity.
1.钯和Fe304纳米粒子嵌入在介孔硅壳的中空磁性介孔纳米催化剂(Pd/HMMS)通过葡萄糖溶胶碳球,钯和四氧化三铁颗粒聚合物作为硬模板,包裹四乙氧基硅烷(TEOS)和十六烷基三甲氧基溴化铵(CTAB)混合物成功的制备。所合成的Pd/HMMS在Suzuki偶联反应中显示了超好的催化活性,对碘苯和苯硼酸的反应,仅仅3min时间便可以得到超过99%的产率,而且经过多次重复回收再利用催化活性几乎没有下降。
2.由中空磁性介孔硅球和银纳米颗粒组成的Ag/HMMS纳米催化剂,在温和的条件下,高效的催化p-二羰基化合物胺化形成p-烯胺酮(酯)类化合物。在甲醇作为溶剂,60℃的条件下,乙酰丙酮和苄胺仅仅反应一个小时可以达到100%的产率。这种新颖的催化剂可在外界磁场下容易的从反应体系中分离出来,并且循环利用五次催化活性并没有明显的降低。
Hollow magnetic mesoporous silica spheres (HMMS) with well-defined structures have received great interest as supports in heterogeneous catalysis systems, owing to their unique properties such as low toxicity, good compatibilities, low density, magnetic properties and very high specific surface area with abundant Si-OH bonds on the pore surface. Obviously, to combine metal nanoparticles and HMMS to form hollow magnetic mesoporous nano-catalysts (metal/HMMS) will realize high activity and magnetic recyclability. We synthesized Pd/HMMS and Ag/HMMS, to analyze the structure of the catalysts through a variety of characterization methods, and study their application in organic reactions.
1. The nano-catalyst of hollow magnetic mesoporous silica spheres (Pd/HMMS), with Pd and Fe3O4nanoparticles embedded in the mesoporous silica shell, were successfully prepared by using the colloidal carbon spheres of glucose, Pd and Fe3O4heteroaggregates as the hard template together with a coating of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) mixture. The synthesized Pd/HMMS shows excellent catalytic activity in the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of iodobenzene with phenylboronic acid with over99%yield in3min and can be recycled multiple times without any significant loss in catalytic activity.
2. A nano-cayalyst (Ag/HMMS) composed of hollow magnetic mesoporous spheres (HMMS) and Ag nanoparticles was found to be an efficient catalyst for synthesis of P-enamino ketones or esters from β-dicarbonyl compound under mild reaction conditions. Using methanol as a solvent, the condensation reaction of acetylacetone and benzylamine proceeded to give over100%yields at60℃for1h. The novel catalyst could be easily recovered by an external magnet from the reaction mixture and recycled five times without any significant loss in activity.
引文
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