模糊综合评价在艾滋病对个人及其家庭影响中的应用
摘要
艾滋病(AIDS),即“获得性免疫缺陷综合症”,是由人类免疫缺陷病毒引起的,严重危害人类生命健康和社会经济发展的传染性疾病。目前对艾滋病流行造成的影响研究,虽然涉及到艾滋病家庭微观经济、社会支持等诸多方面,但所采用的评价方法主要是定性描述、χ2检验或秩和检验等。
由于模糊综合评价在处理各种复杂问题方面表现出了独特的优越性,已被广泛的应用多个领域。
目的
为了更客观、全面地分析艾滋病对个人及其家庭的影响,量化艾滋病造成影响的严重程度,为政府部门制定相应的卫生政策,该研究拟采用模糊综合评价方法探讨艾滋病对个人及其家庭影响。
方法
论文主要采用因子分析、delphi法、层次分析法、模糊综合评价方法等。
所用统计软件有SPSS16.0和Excel,检验水准a=0.05
结果
1.建立艾滋病对个人及其家庭影响的评价体系,并确定权重
艾滋病对个人及其家庭影响的指标体系包含了4个一级指标和10个二级指标。其中“健康和生活状况”、“社会交往”、“经济收入与支出”、“家庭结构”4个一级指标的权重A分别为0.45,0.18,0.18和0.19。
“个人健康状况”、“住房面积”、“与亲戚交往”、“与朋友交往”、“与邻居交往”、“个人收入”、“家庭收入”、“日常消费支出”、“看病支出”和“3代内因艾滋病失去亲人数”10个二级指标的权重A分别为0.78,0.22,0.43,0.24,0.33,0.36,0.25, 0.16, 0.23,1.00。
2.艾滋病对个人及家庭影响的模糊综合评价得分及模糊控制量
健康人的模糊评价得分J=54.4；HIV得分J=13.6,模糊控制量排在前三位的是3代内因艾滋病失去的亲人数、与邻居交往、个人健康状况；AIDS得分J=6.0,模糊控制量排在前三位的是3代内因艾滋病失去的亲人数、与邻居交往、日常消费支出。
3.艾滋病对个人及其家庭的影响各领域模糊综合评价得分
HIV组：健康生活状况,社会交往,经济收入、支出,家庭结构四个领域模糊评价得分分别为1.1,6.9,-15.3,86.2；AIDS组：健康生活状况,社会交往,经济收入、支出,家庭结构四个领域模糊评价得分分别为-10.1,-3.5,-18.2,84.9。
结论
运用模糊综合评价方法,可以量化艾滋病造成影响的严重程度,健康人(54.4),HIV(13.6),AIDS(6.0)。在艾滋病的AIDS期,对个人及家庭的影响程度约为HIV的2倍,提示控制艾滋病的流行及进展,可以大大的减轻个人及家庭的负担。
艾滋病对四个一级领域的影响,最严重的是经济收入、支出方面,影响较轻的是家庭结构方面。
AIDS, named "Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome", was an infectious disease which hazarded the human's health and the development of society and economics caused by human inmune deficiency virue.Nowadays, the research on the influence of AIDS, involving the microecnomy of AIDS'family, social support and so on.But the evaluative methods of influences of AIDS on individuals and their families were qualitative description, Chi-Square Tests or Kruskal-Wallis Tests.
Owing to fuzzy comprehensive evaluation showed unique advantages on complicated problems, it has been applied on lots of domains extensively.
Objective
The research intended using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to estimate the influence of HIV/AIDS on individuals and their family objectively and comprehensively, quantize the degree of influences and provide health advices for government.
Methods
Factor analysis, delphi, analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy evaluation method were mainly used in the reserch.
SPSS 16.0 and Excel are applied in the research, the significant level a equals to 0.05.
Results
1.To set up the evaluation index system and weight of influence of HIV/AIDS on individuals and their families
There were four indexes in first grade and ten indexes in second grade.The weight of four indexes that "health and living condition", "social communication", "income and expenditure", "family structure" are 0.45,0.18,0.18 and 0.19, repectively.
The weight of ten indexes that "personal health condition", "house size", "communication with relatives", "communication with friends", "communication with neighbours", "personal income", "family income", "general expense", "medical expenditure", "the number of relatives died of AIDS in three generations" are 0.78,0.22,0.43,0.24,0.33,0.36,0.25,0.16,0.23 and 0.17, repectively.
2.Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation score of the influence of HIV/AIDS on individuals and their families and the fuzzy control quality
The fuzzy evaluation's score of health was J=54.4; the fuzzy evaluation's score of HIV was J=13.6, the leading three fuzzy control quantities of HIV were "the number of relatives died of AIDS in three generations", "communication with the neighbours" and "personal health condition"; the fuzzy evaluation's score of AIDS was J=6.0, the leading three fuzzy control quantities of AIDS were "the number of relatives died of AIDS in three generations", "communication with the neighbours" and "general expense".
3.The fuzzy comprehensive score in every areas of the influence of AIDS on individuals and their family
About HIV:the fuzzy comprehensive score of "health and living condition", "social communication","income and expenditure", "family structure" are 1.1,6.9,-15.3,86.2, respectively;About AIDS:the fuzzy comprehensive score of "health and living condition", "social communication","income and expenditure", "family structure" are-10.1,-3.5,-18.2,84.9.
Conclusions
Application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation can quantize the extent of influence, the fuzzy comprehensive score of health is 54.4, the fuzzy comprehensive score of HIV is 13.6, the fuzzy comprehensive score of AIDS is 6.0. The influence of AIDS in the AIDS stage on the individual and family is about twice the HIV, revealing that control of the epidemic and progress, can greatly reduce the burden on individuals and families.
The first domain of influence of AIDS, the most severely is "income and expenditure", the least influence is "family structure".
由于模糊综合评价在处理各种复杂问题方面表现出了独特的优越性,已被广泛的应用多个领域。
目的
为了更客观、全面地分析艾滋病对个人及其家庭的影响,量化艾滋病造成影响的严重程度,为政府部门制定相应的卫生政策,该研究拟采用模糊综合评价方法探讨艾滋病对个人及其家庭影响。
方法
论文主要采用因子分析、delphi法、层次分析法、模糊综合评价方法等。
所用统计软件有SPSS16.0和Excel,检验水准a=0.05
结果
1.建立艾滋病对个人及其家庭影响的评价体系,并确定权重
艾滋病对个人及其家庭影响的指标体系包含了4个一级指标和10个二级指标。其中“健康和生活状况”、“社会交往”、“经济收入与支出”、“家庭结构”4个一级指标的权重A分别为0.45,0.18,0.18和0.19。
“个人健康状况”、“住房面积”、“与亲戚交往”、“与朋友交往”、“与邻居交往”、“个人收入”、“家庭收入”、“日常消费支出”、“看病支出”和“3代内因艾滋病失去亲人数”10个二级指标的权重A分别为0.78,0.22,0.43,0.24,0.33,0.36,0.25, 0.16, 0.23,1.00。
2.艾滋病对个人及家庭影响的模糊综合评价得分及模糊控制量
健康人的模糊评价得分J=54.4；HIV得分J=13.6,模糊控制量排在前三位的是3代内因艾滋病失去的亲人数、与邻居交往、个人健康状况；AIDS得分J=6.0,模糊控制量排在前三位的是3代内因艾滋病失去的亲人数、与邻居交往、日常消费支出。
3.艾滋病对个人及其家庭的影响各领域模糊综合评价得分
HIV组：健康生活状况,社会交往,经济收入、支出,家庭结构四个领域模糊评价得分分别为1.1,6.9,-15.3,86.2；AIDS组：健康生活状况,社会交往,经济收入、支出,家庭结构四个领域模糊评价得分分别为-10.1,-3.5,-18.2,84.9。
结论
运用模糊综合评价方法,可以量化艾滋病造成影响的严重程度,健康人(54.4),HIV(13.6),AIDS(6.0)。在艾滋病的AIDS期,对个人及家庭的影响程度约为HIV的2倍,提示控制艾滋病的流行及进展,可以大大的减轻个人及家庭的负担。
艾滋病对四个一级领域的影响,最严重的是经济收入、支出方面,影响较轻的是家庭结构方面。
AIDS, named "Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome", was an infectious disease which hazarded the human's health and the development of society and economics caused by human inmune deficiency virue.Nowadays, the research on the influence of AIDS, involving the microecnomy of AIDS'family, social support and so on.But the evaluative methods of influences of AIDS on individuals and their families were qualitative description, Chi-Square Tests or Kruskal-Wallis Tests.
Owing to fuzzy comprehensive evaluation showed unique advantages on complicated problems, it has been applied on lots of domains extensively.
Objective
The research intended using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to estimate the influence of HIV/AIDS on individuals and their family objectively and comprehensively, quantize the degree of influences and provide health advices for government.
Methods
Factor analysis, delphi, analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy evaluation method were mainly used in the reserch.
SPSS 16.0 and Excel are applied in the research, the significant level a equals to 0.05.
Results
1.To set up the evaluation index system and weight of influence of HIV/AIDS on individuals and their families
There were four indexes in first grade and ten indexes in second grade.The weight of four indexes that "health and living condition", "social communication", "income and expenditure", "family structure" are 0.45,0.18,0.18 and 0.19, repectively.
The weight of ten indexes that "personal health condition", "house size", "communication with relatives", "communication with friends", "communication with neighbours", "personal income", "family income", "general expense", "medical expenditure", "the number of relatives died of AIDS in three generations" are 0.78,0.22,0.43,0.24,0.33,0.36,0.25,0.16,0.23 and 0.17, repectively.
2.Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation score of the influence of HIV/AIDS on individuals and their families and the fuzzy control quality
The fuzzy evaluation's score of health was J=54.4; the fuzzy evaluation's score of HIV was J=13.6, the leading three fuzzy control quantities of HIV were "the number of relatives died of AIDS in three generations", "communication with the neighbours" and "personal health condition"; the fuzzy evaluation's score of AIDS was J=6.0, the leading three fuzzy control quantities of AIDS were "the number of relatives died of AIDS in three generations", "communication with the neighbours" and "general expense".
3.The fuzzy comprehensive score in every areas of the influence of AIDS on individuals and their family
About HIV:the fuzzy comprehensive score of "health and living condition", "social communication","income and expenditure", "family structure" are 1.1,6.9,-15.3,86.2, respectively;About AIDS:the fuzzy comprehensive score of "health and living condition", "social communication","income and expenditure", "family structure" are-10.1,-3.5,-18.2,84.9.
Conclusions
Application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation can quantize the extent of influence, the fuzzy comprehensive score of health is 54.4, the fuzzy comprehensive score of HIV is 13.6, the fuzzy comprehensive score of AIDS is 6.0. The influence of AIDS in the AIDS stage on the individual and family is about twice the HIV, revealing that control of the epidemic and progress, can greatly reduce the burden on individuals and families.
The first domain of influence of AIDS, the most severely is "income and expenditure", the least influence is "family structure".
引文
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