木粉内燃机的主要零部件设计研究
摘要
20世纪70年代,由于中东战争引发的全球性能源危机,可再生能源重新引起了人们的重视。据美国的研究报导,大气中的污染物约50%来自汽车排放,20世纪以来,汽车尾气排放的大量二氧化碳、二氧化硫和氯氟烃等污染物破坏了生态环境,严重地污染了城市空气。随着煤、石油、天然气等化石能源的日益枯竭和环境污染的日趋严重,开发清洁可再生能源已迫在眉睫。
本论文的主要研究内容就是在这种背景下提出的,把木粉作为发动机代用燃料,这会促进能源和污染两大难题的解决。本论文全面、系统地查阅和收集了国内外有关发动机代用燃料及其在发动机上应用的文献资料,并进行了细致的分析和探讨。在研究四冲程柴油机工作原理的基础上,探索了木粉内燃机的工作原理;论述了内燃机的主要设计指标、主要结构参数的确定,研究了木粉的元素,并分析了木粉燃烧过程以及物质平衡计算;重点阐述了木粉内燃机主要零部件的设计要求,对一些主要零部件的重要尺寸进行了详细的设计计算,对内燃机总体布置的方法和过程进行了研究。此外,对木粉供给装置的结构及其工作原理进行了研究,对木粉供给装置进行了详细的设计计算,并对附属装置进行了研究及其选型。
我国每年需要大量进口石油,很大一部分被作为燃料消耗了,如果用木粉作为替代燃料,就可以相应减少石油消耗,提高我国应对国际石油危机的能力。加强木粉内燃机的研究,对保护环境、减少柴油的消耗都有重大意义。本论文的研究可以对替代燃料在发动机中的应用提供依据和参考。
In 1970s,the war of middle-east has brought us global energy crisis,which makes people realize that renewable energy is valuable.According to American research report,50%of the pollutants in the air come from cars exhausted gas.Since 1900s,a lot of carbon dioxide,sulfide dioxide and chlorine fluorine from cars exhausted gas pollutes the ecosystem environment and seriously pollutes city air.With the stone energy as the coal,petroleum,natural gas increasingly dried up and the environment polluted gradually serious,exploiting clean renewable energy is already in the extremely urgency.
This main researching content of this paper is proposed in this background.Using wood powder as substitute fuel for engine can promote energy and pollute two hard to solve.This paper collects much domestic and abroad information generally and systematically on how to use substitute fuel on the engine,and analyzes and investigates carefully.It explorates the work principle of wood powder I.C.engine,under the ground of studying the work principle of four stroke diesel engine.It discusses the main design index and the determination of the main structure parameter,studies wood powder chemical element,and analyzes the wood powder combustion process and material balance calculation.It emphasis elaborates the design request of the main parts of the wood powder I.C.engine zero,carries on a detailed design calculation to important sizes of some main parts,and researches the method and process of I.C.engine total decoration.In addition,It researches the structure and work principle of the wood powder supplying device,detailed design calculation to the wood powder supplying device and carries on a research and choose to the subsidiary device.
Our country annually needs to be importing large petroleum,but most of this is been consume as a fuel.Using wood powder as substitute fuel,it can correspond decrease petroleum consume,and improve the ability of replying the international petroleum crisis.Strengthening the research of the wood powder I.C.engine,it has great significance to protect environment and decrease diesel consume.The research of the paper can provide basis and reference to the application of substitute fuel in engine.
本论文的主要研究内容就是在这种背景下提出的,把木粉作为发动机代用燃料,这会促进能源和污染两大难题的解决。本论文全面、系统地查阅和收集了国内外有关发动机代用燃料及其在发动机上应用的文献资料,并进行了细致的分析和探讨。在研究四冲程柴油机工作原理的基础上,探索了木粉内燃机的工作原理;论述了内燃机的主要设计指标、主要结构参数的确定,研究了木粉的元素,并分析了木粉燃烧过程以及物质平衡计算;重点阐述了木粉内燃机主要零部件的设计要求,对一些主要零部件的重要尺寸进行了详细的设计计算,对内燃机总体布置的方法和过程进行了研究。此外,对木粉供给装置的结构及其工作原理进行了研究,对木粉供给装置进行了详细的设计计算,并对附属装置进行了研究及其选型。
我国每年需要大量进口石油,很大一部分被作为燃料消耗了,如果用木粉作为替代燃料,就可以相应减少石油消耗,提高我国应对国际石油危机的能力。加强木粉内燃机的研究,对保护环境、减少柴油的消耗都有重大意义。本论文的研究可以对替代燃料在发动机中的应用提供依据和参考。
In 1970s,the war of middle-east has brought us global energy crisis,which makes people realize that renewable energy is valuable.According to American research report,50%of the pollutants in the air come from cars exhausted gas.Since 1900s,a lot of carbon dioxide,sulfide dioxide and chlorine fluorine from cars exhausted gas pollutes the ecosystem environment and seriously pollutes city air.With the stone energy as the coal,petroleum,natural gas increasingly dried up and the environment polluted gradually serious,exploiting clean renewable energy is already in the extremely urgency.
This main researching content of this paper is proposed in this background.Using wood powder as substitute fuel for engine can promote energy and pollute two hard to solve.This paper collects much domestic and abroad information generally and systematically on how to use substitute fuel on the engine,and analyzes and investigates carefully.It explorates the work principle of wood powder I.C.engine,under the ground of studying the work principle of four stroke diesel engine.It discusses the main design index and the determination of the main structure parameter,studies wood powder chemical element,and analyzes the wood powder combustion process and material balance calculation.It emphasis elaborates the design request of the main parts of the wood powder I.C.engine zero,carries on a detailed design calculation to important sizes of some main parts,and researches the method and process of I.C.engine total decoration.In addition,It researches the structure and work principle of the wood powder supplying device,detailed design calculation to the wood powder supplying device and carries on a research and choose to the subsidiary device.
Our country annually needs to be importing large petroleum,but most of this is been consume as a fuel.Using wood powder as substitute fuel,it can correspond decrease petroleum consume,and improve the ability of replying the international petroleum crisis.Strengthening the research of the wood powder I.C.engine,it has great significance to protect environment and decrease diesel consume.The research of the paper can provide basis and reference to the application of substitute fuel in engine.
引文
[1]周龙保.内燃机学.北京:机械工业出版社,1999
[2]祁东辉.混合喷射液化石油气/柴油双燃料发动机的研究.西安:长安大学,2003
[3]Chiaramontia,Boninia,Fratinia etal.Development of Emulsions from Biomass Pyrolysis Liquid and Diesel and Their Use in Engines.Biomass and Bioenergy,2003:85-99
[4]周新迁.中国石化产业可持续发展研究.厦门大学博士学位论文.2006:45-48
[5]Doug Jack.Latest Development in Alternative Fuels[J].Urban Transport International,2003(4)
[6]周林森.植物油用作柴油机燃料的试验研究.农业机械学报,1997,(2):24-26
[7]李径定等.植物油用作柴油机的代用燃料的研究.内燃机学报,1994,(3):237
[8]廖艳芬,王树荣.生物质热裂解制取液体燃料技术的发展.新能源与工艺,2002,2
[9]H.Hci eland,G Pischinger,R.Siekman.Ethanol as an Alternative Fuel in Brazil.CIMAC,1981
[10]E.Eugene Eckland.Status And Directions of the use of Alcohols and Other Oxygenated Hydrocarbons in North America.D-SVIIAFTS,1984
[11]潘奎润等.甲醇作为我国运输燃料的现状和前景.煤炭化工设计,1985,(3)
[12]崔建伟.关于汽车发动机代用燃料的应用分析.科技情报开发与经济,2002,(3)
[13]Mitsuharu Oguma,Shinichi Goto,Kazuya Oyama.The Possibility of Gas to Liquid(GTL)as a Fuel of Direct Injection Diesel Engine[C].SAE Paper,2002
[14]Jun Yu,Jookwang Lee,Choongsik Bae.Dimethyl Ether(DME) Spray Characteristics Compared to Diesel in a Common-Rail Fuel Injection System[C].SAE Paper,2002
[15]Mitsuharu Oguma,Gisoo Hyun.Spectuoscopic Investigation of the Combustion Process in DME Compression Ignition Engine[C].SAE Paper,2002
[16]Mitsuharu Oguma,Gisoo Hyun.Atomization Characteristics for Various Ambient Pressure of Dimethyl Ether(DME).SAE Paper,2002
[17]张无敌,宋洪川.21世纪发展生物质能前景广阔[J].中国能源,2001,5:35-38
[18]肖军等.生物质利用现状.安全与环境工程,2003,10(01)
[19]孙军.木废料资源及其作为能源利用的前景.可再生能源,2002,(05)
[20]M.K(u|¨)c(u|¨)k etc.Biomass conversion process.Energy Convers,1997,38(2)
[21]孙军.木质燃料转化利用途径与方法.林产工业.2004,(06)
[22]Kydakos Maniatis,Enzo Millich.Energy from biomass and waste:the contribution of utility scale biomass gasification plants.Biomass and bioenergy,1998,15(3):195-200
[23]Peter Mckendry.Energy production from biomass:overview of biomass,bioresource technology,2002,(83)
[24]刘守新等.木质生物能源利用技术研究.中国林副特产,2001,(03)
[25]骆仲泱等.中国生物质能利用技术评价.中国能源,2004,26(09)
[26]吴旭刚,王述洋等.木质能源的利用现状.林业机械与木工设备,2007,35(9)
[27]吴际璋..汽车构造.北京:人民交通出版社,1997
[28]高秀华,郭建华.内燃机.北京:化学工业出版社,2006
[29]吴兆汉等.内燃机设计.北京:理工大学出版社,1990
[30]刘荣厚,牛卫生,张大雷.生物质热化学转换技术.北京:化学工业出版社,2005
[31]袁振宏,吴创之,马隆龙.生物质能利用原理与技术.北京:化学工业出版社,2005
[32]刘建禹,翟国勋,陈荣耀.生物质燃料直接燃烧过程特性的分析.东北农业大学报,2001,32(3)
[33]罗文圣.木质材料的燃烧过程及其阻燃处理.建筑人造板,1994,(2)
[34]吴旭刚,王述洋等.木粉内燃机主要零部件的设计及计算.林业机械与木工设备,2008,36(6)
[35]吴宗泽,罗圣国.机械设计课程设计手册.北京:高等教育出版社,2001
[36]钟毅芳,吴昌林,唐增宝.机械设计.武汉:华中科技大学,2003
[37]李诚,张秀坤.粉体料仓的设计.设备与防腐,2002,30(1)
[38]李志义,王淑兰,丁信伟.粉体料仓的设计.化学工业与工程技术,1999,20(4)
[39]Jenike AW,Bulletin.UtahEng Experimental Station.Salt Lake City,1991:1-32
[40]王振中,化工原理『M].北京:化学工业出版社,1986
[41]范德明.工业泵选用手册.北京:化学工业出版社,2003
[42]任文斗,张兴辉.运输机械设计选用手册.北京:化学工业出版社,2004
[43]沙毅,闻建龙.泵与风机.合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2005
[44]陈朝辉.浅谈变频器选型.科技信息,2007,(21)
[45]吴忠智,吴加林.变频器应用手册.北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[2]祁东辉.混合喷射液化石油气/柴油双燃料发动机的研究.西安:长安大学,2003
[3]Chiaramontia,Boninia,Fratinia etal.Development of Emulsions from Biomass Pyrolysis Liquid and Diesel and Their Use in Engines.Biomass and Bioenergy,2003:85-99
[4]周新迁.中国石化产业可持续发展研究.厦门大学博士学位论文.2006:45-48
[5]Doug Jack.Latest Development in Alternative Fuels[J].Urban Transport International,2003(4)
[6]周林森.植物油用作柴油机燃料的试验研究.农业机械学报,1997,(2):24-26
[7]李径定等.植物油用作柴油机的代用燃料的研究.内燃机学报,1994,(3):237
[8]廖艳芬,王树荣.生物质热裂解制取液体燃料技术的发展.新能源与工艺,2002,2
[9]H.Hci eland,G Pischinger,R.Siekman.Ethanol as an Alternative Fuel in Brazil.CIMAC,1981
[10]E.Eugene Eckland.Status And Directions of the use of Alcohols and Other Oxygenated Hydrocarbons in North America.D-SVIIAFTS,1984
[11]潘奎润等.甲醇作为我国运输燃料的现状和前景.煤炭化工设计,1985,(3)
[12]崔建伟.关于汽车发动机代用燃料的应用分析.科技情报开发与经济,2002,(3)
[13]Mitsuharu Oguma,Shinichi Goto,Kazuya Oyama.The Possibility of Gas to Liquid(GTL)as a Fuel of Direct Injection Diesel Engine[C].SAE Paper,2002
[14]Jun Yu,Jookwang Lee,Choongsik Bae.Dimethyl Ether(DME) Spray Characteristics Compared to Diesel in a Common-Rail Fuel Injection System[C].SAE Paper,2002
[15]Mitsuharu Oguma,Gisoo Hyun.Spectuoscopic Investigation of the Combustion Process in DME Compression Ignition Engine[C].SAE Paper,2002
[16]Mitsuharu Oguma,Gisoo Hyun.Atomization Characteristics for Various Ambient Pressure of Dimethyl Ether(DME).SAE Paper,2002
[17]张无敌,宋洪川.21世纪发展生物质能前景广阔[J].中国能源,2001,5:35-38
[18]肖军等.生物质利用现状.安全与环境工程,2003,10(01)
[19]孙军.木废料资源及其作为能源利用的前景.可再生能源,2002,(05)
[20]M.K(u|¨)c(u|¨)k etc.Biomass conversion process.Energy Convers,1997,38(2)
[21]孙军.木质燃料转化利用途径与方法.林产工业.2004,(06)
[22]Kydakos Maniatis,Enzo Millich.Energy from biomass and waste:the contribution of utility scale biomass gasification plants.Biomass and bioenergy,1998,15(3):195-200
[23]Peter Mckendry.Energy production from biomass:overview of biomass,bioresource technology,2002,(83)
[24]刘守新等.木质生物能源利用技术研究.中国林副特产,2001,(03)
[25]骆仲泱等.中国生物质能利用技术评价.中国能源,2004,26(09)
[26]吴旭刚,王述洋等.木质能源的利用现状.林业机械与木工设备,2007,35(9)
[27]吴际璋..汽车构造.北京:人民交通出版社,1997
[28]高秀华,郭建华.内燃机.北京:化学工业出版社,2006
[29]吴兆汉等.内燃机设计.北京:理工大学出版社,1990
[30]刘荣厚,牛卫生,张大雷.生物质热化学转换技术.北京:化学工业出版社,2005
[31]袁振宏,吴创之,马隆龙.生物质能利用原理与技术.北京:化学工业出版社,2005
[32]刘建禹,翟国勋,陈荣耀.生物质燃料直接燃烧过程特性的分析.东北农业大学报,2001,32(3)
[33]罗文圣.木质材料的燃烧过程及其阻燃处理.建筑人造板,1994,(2)
[34]吴旭刚,王述洋等.木粉内燃机主要零部件的设计及计算.林业机械与木工设备,2008,36(6)
[35]吴宗泽,罗圣国.机械设计课程设计手册.北京:高等教育出版社,2001
[36]钟毅芳,吴昌林,唐增宝.机械设计.武汉:华中科技大学,2003
[37]李诚,张秀坤.粉体料仓的设计.设备与防腐,2002,30(1)
[38]李志义,王淑兰,丁信伟.粉体料仓的设计.化学工业与工程技术,1999,20(4)
[39]Jenike AW,Bulletin.UtahEng Experimental Station.Salt Lake City,1991:1-32
[40]王振中,化工原理『M].北京:化学工业出版社,1986
[41]范德明.工业泵选用手册.北京:化学工业出版社,2003
[42]任文斗,张兴辉.运输机械设计选用手册.北京:化学工业出版社,2004
[43]沙毅,闻建龙.泵与风机.合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2005
[44]陈朝辉.浅谈变频器选型.科技信息,2007,(21)
[45]吴忠智,吴加林.变频器应用手册.北京:机械工业出版社,2003