基于网络的测土配方施肥数据管理与应用系统
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摘要
从2005年开始,我国在全国范围内开展了新一轮的测土配方施肥行动,随着测土配方施肥工作的开展,纸制材料的数据调查表越来越多,这些纸制数据不但查询检索较为困难,而且分析汇总的工作量大在测土配方施肥技术各个技术环节中,肥料配方是测土配方施肥工作的核心,因此提出科学合理的施肥配方是肥料配方的关键。本研究结合湖北省实际情况,运用计算机技术、网络技术、数据库技术和WEBGIS技术,开发测土配方施肥数据管理与应用系统,解决测土配方施肥工作中属性数据管理难、处理难的两大难题,得到科学合理的施肥配方,提高施肥水平和工作效率,对加速传统农业向现代信息农业的过渡,推动耕地养分管理技术的进步,有较大的现实意义和广阔的应用前景。具体内容包括:
(1)建立测土配方施肥数据管理与应用系统属性数据库
分析了农业部《测土配方施肥技术规范》,按照数据库设计规范,科学合理地设计和建立了属性数据库。为测土配方施肥数据管理与应用系统的构建奠定了基础。
(2)设计实现测土配方施肥数据录入与管理系统
结合系统属性数据库,设计实现了测土配方施肥数据录入与管理系统,具有数据录入、删除、修改、和查询等功能,提高了工作效率,解决了测土配方施肥数据管理难、处理难的两大难题。
(3)建立湖北省县域耕地资源数据库
利用GIS技术,收集各种基础图件和测土配方施肥项目县数据,建立了湖北省县域耕地资源数据库。实现了耕地资源的精确管理。
(4)建立了推荐施肥WEBGIS系统
研究了适合湖北省县域的施肥模型,利用开源WEBGIS平台MapGuide OpenSource,建立了推荐施肥WEBGIS系统,运用科学方法确定施肥量,提高肥料的经济效益,达到增产增收,提高农业综合生产能力的目的。
From the year of 2005, a new roud soil testing and fertilizer action was carried out all over the country. As the development of the work, the questionnaire which were writen on papers were more and more. It is difficult to query and search those dates and the compiled analysis of those work needs a heavy workload. Fertilizers prescription is the core in the technical links of soil testing and fertilizer. But the key of scientific and rational fertilizers prescription is fertilization formula.
In this study, according to practical situation of Hu Bei province, by the technology of computer, net, datebase and WEBGIS, we develop the soil testing and fertilizer data management and application system to solve the difficult of manmagement and treatment of attribute data. It will be a practical significance and wide application prospect to obtain scientific and rational fertilizers prescription, which will help to improve the level of fertiliztion and work efficiency, accelebrate the transition of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, promote the progress of land nutrition management tecnology. The main results were as follows:
(1) Eatablish the soil testing and fertilizer data management and application attribute database.
Analysis the soil testing and fertilizer technical specification which was established by ministry of agriculture, according to datebase design code, design and establish attribute database scientificly and rationally, which laid a foundation for the construction of soil testing and fertilizer data management and application attribute database.
(2) Design and realize soil testing and fertilizer data input and management system
Combined with system attributes datebase, design and realize soil testing and fertilizer data input and management system. The system with the function of input, delete, modify and seek of date, which solve the difficult of manmagement and treatment of attribute date and improve the work efficiency.
(3) Eatablish county land resources database of Hu Bei province
By the technology of GIS , the maps and dates of soil testing and fertilizer country were collected. County land resources database of Hu Bei province was eatablished. The acurate management of land resources was relaized.
(4)Eatablish recommended fertilization WEBGIS system
After the study of Hu Bei province country fertilization model, open source WEBGIS palatform MapGuide Open Source was used to establish WEBGIS recommended fertilization system which based on WEBGIS. Fertilizer rate was determined by sentific way, which improve the economic benefit of fertilizer, realize the aim of increase output, benefit and comprehensive agricultural production capacity.
(1)建立测土配方施肥数据管理与应用系统属性数据库
分析了农业部《测土配方施肥技术规范》,按照数据库设计规范,科学合理地设计和建立了属性数据库。为测土配方施肥数据管理与应用系统的构建奠定了基础。
(2)设计实现测土配方施肥数据录入与管理系统
结合系统属性数据库,设计实现了测土配方施肥数据录入与管理系统,具有数据录入、删除、修改、和查询等功能,提高了工作效率,解决了测土配方施肥数据管理难、处理难的两大难题。
(3)建立湖北省县域耕地资源数据库
利用GIS技术,收集各种基础图件和测土配方施肥项目县数据,建立了湖北省县域耕地资源数据库。实现了耕地资源的精确管理。
(4)建立了推荐施肥WEBGIS系统
研究了适合湖北省县域的施肥模型,利用开源WEBGIS平台MapGuide OpenSource,建立了推荐施肥WEBGIS系统,运用科学方法确定施肥量,提高肥料的经济效益,达到增产增收,提高农业综合生产能力的目的。
From the year of 2005, a new roud soil testing and fertilizer action was carried out all over the country. As the development of the work, the questionnaire which were writen on papers were more and more. It is difficult to query and search those dates and the compiled analysis of those work needs a heavy workload. Fertilizers prescription is the core in the technical links of soil testing and fertilizer. But the key of scientific and rational fertilizers prescription is fertilization formula.
In this study, according to practical situation of Hu Bei province, by the technology of computer, net, datebase and WEBGIS, we develop the soil testing and fertilizer data management and application system to solve the difficult of manmagement and treatment of attribute data. It will be a practical significance and wide application prospect to obtain scientific and rational fertilizers prescription, which will help to improve the level of fertiliztion and work efficiency, accelebrate the transition of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, promote the progress of land nutrition management tecnology. The main results were as follows:
(1) Eatablish the soil testing and fertilizer data management and application attribute database.
Analysis the soil testing and fertilizer technical specification which was established by ministry of agriculture, according to datebase design code, design and establish attribute database scientificly and rationally, which laid a foundation for the construction of soil testing and fertilizer data management and application attribute database.
(2) Design and realize soil testing and fertilizer data input and management system
Combined with system attributes datebase, design and realize soil testing and fertilizer data input and management system. The system with the function of input, delete, modify and seek of date, which solve the difficult of manmagement and treatment of attribute date and improve the work efficiency.
(3) Eatablish county land resources database of Hu Bei province
By the technology of GIS , the maps and dates of soil testing and fertilizer country were collected. County land resources database of Hu Bei province was eatablished. The acurate management of land resources was relaized.
(4)Eatablish recommended fertilization WEBGIS system
After the study of Hu Bei province country fertilization model, open source WEBGIS palatform MapGuide Open Source was used to establish WEBGIS recommended fertilization system which based on WEBGIS. Fertilizer rate was determined by sentific way, which improve the economic benefit of fertilizer, realize the aim of increase output, benefit and comprehensive agricultural production capacity.
引文
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2.陈俊杰,陈灿章.WebGIS技术及其实现方法.太原理工大学学报,2000,31(4):23-25
3.陈蓉蓉,周治国,曹卫星,朱艳等,农田精确施肥决策支持系统的设计和实现.中国农业科学,2004,37(4):516-521
4.丁敏.基于WebGIS的土地利用规划网络信息发布应用研究.[硕士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2003
5.郭杰华,鲍远律,胡玉锁等.基于Internet的地理信息系统(WebGIS)的研究和开发.中国图象图形学报,1998,4:313-317
6.郝国成,赵娟,王巍等.基于WebGIS的数字农村地理信息公共服务平台建设的研究.中国水运,2007,5(3):135-137
7.何卫.Web地理信息系统的设计与实现.[硕士学位论文].西安:西安电子科技大学,2004
8.黄俊华.基于GIS技术B/S模式的土地详查信息系统的结构模式.中国石油,2000,19(1):97-100
9.黄魏,贺立源,马文杰等.复混肥原料配方成本优化的对偶模型研究.农业工程学报,2006,22(7):87-89
10.黄杏元,马劲松,汤勤.地理信息系统概论.北京:高等教育出版社,2001
11.蒋平安.新疆测土配方施肥技术研究及应用现状.新疆农业大学学报,2003(3):13-15
12.金继运.“精准农业”及其在我国的应用前景.植物营养与肥料学报,1998,4(1):1-7
13.李光敏.基于WebGIS的农用地定级信息发布系统研究与设计.[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中农业大学,2006
14.李建华,刘玉生.Visual C#2005全程指南,北京:电子工业出版社.2008,2-3
15.李翔.农作物管理地理信息系统的设计与实现.[硕士学位论文].郑州:河南农业大学,2003
16.李晓琴.基于MapGuide的土地利用现状查询系统研究.[硕士学位论文].重庆:西南农业大学,2005
17.刘天仪.测土配方施肥的作用及效应分析.安徽农学通报,2006,12(15):173-176
18.刘小军,朱艳,姚霞.基于WebGIS的农业空间信息管理及辅助决策系统.农业工程学报,2006,22(5):125-129
19.刘小军,朱艳,姚霞等.基于WebGIS的农业空间信息管理及辅助决策系统.农业工程学报,2006,22(5):125-129
20.鲁明星,贺立源,吴礼树,徐辉,黄魏,邓银霞.基于GIS的华中丘陵区耕地地力评价 研究.农业工程学报,2006,22(8):96-101
21.吕家恪,刘洪斌.基于WebGIS实现农业资源信息发布.农业网络信息,2005,3:25-28
22.吕英华,秦双月.测土与施肥.北京:中国农业出版社.2002,212-213
23.毛端民,王讲利.新疆县级农田土壤肥料信息系统的建立及其应用.迈向21世纪的土壤科学-苗洁,基于GIS的武汉市汉南区耕地主要农化性状的历史变迁研究.[硕士学位论文],武汉:华中农业大学资源与环境学院,2007
24.聂艳,周勇,田有国,任意等.基于3S的土壤肥料专家系统研究.土壤,2003,35(4):339-343
25.农业部2005年《测土配方施肥秋季行动方案》
26.农业部2006年《农业部办公厅财政部办公厅关于下达2006年测土配方施肥补贴项目实施方案的通知》
27.潘春华,李贵龙,墙芳躅等.WebGIS解决方案及开发方法.计算机工程与设计,2002,23(10):58-61
28.潘剑君,孙维侠,房世波.土壤信息系统建造及其施肥决策应用研究.1999:240-241(中国土壤学会第九次全国会员代表大会论文集,综合卷.1999)
29.乔京生,赵东.网络地理信息系统研究与实现.唐山学院学报,2003,16(2):17-19
30.秦洪现,崔惠岚,孙剑等.Autodesk系列产品开发培训教程.北京:化学工业出版社,2007
31.盛建东,蒋平安.基于GSI的区域土壤养分管理与作物推荐施肥信息系统研究.土壤,2002(4):77-81
32.宋关福,钟耳顺,王尔琪.WebGIS—基于Internet的地理信息系统.中国图像图形学报,1998,3:83-86
33.孙波,严浩,施建平,张月平等.基于组件式GIS的施肥专家决策支持系统开发和应用.农业工程学报,2006,22(4):75-79
34.汪捷,杨宗凯,吴砾..NET技术在管理信息系统开发中的应用.微机发展,2004,14(11):117-120
35.汪懋华.精细农业的实践与农业科技创新.中国软科学,1999,(04):21-25
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