脂肪酸的深度氧化及浮选机理研究
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摘要
随着我国钢产量和钢消费量的高速增长,对铁矿石的需求越来越大。而国内铁矿资源丰而不富,复杂难选矿物储量大。复杂难选矿石选矿技术及选矿工艺的研究对提高我国铁矿资源综合利用率具有重要的现实意义。本文根据国内外利用阴离子捕收剂反浮选铁矿与石英的研究现状,针对现当前我国药剂的开发应用情况,结合单矿物和实际矿石浮选,研究合成了新型高效捕收剂MG-2,实现了药剂的工业化生产,并成功的在河北钢铁司家营选矿厂进行了工业试验,获得了良好的试验指标。
以脂肪酸为原料,在催化剂紫外光催化条件下进行氧化反应;根据系统条件试验探索,确定MG-2的合成条件为:氧化剂用量为脂肪酸的15%,且氧化剂浓度为50%为宜;合成温度80℃,时间4-5h最佳;经红外光谱分析和碘值测试表明:合成产物为α-过氧羟基脂肪酸。单矿物试验表明:MG-2具有比脂肪酸更强的捕收性能和更好的选择性,药剂的捕收性随PV值的增大而增加;过氧羟基脂肪酸在水溶液中的CMC较高,具有很好的分散性,其耐低温能力较原脂肪酸有了较大的提高,与常用的药剂相比,具有耐低温的特点。
以司家营铁矿为浮选给矿,通过正交试验确定各个药剂条件,在此基础上进行药剂比较试验、开路实验、闭路试验:试验表明,MG-2是司家营氧化矿的良好的捕收剂,与原脂肪酸相比,在铁精矿产率相当的前提下,精矿品位、回收率分别提高1.5%、3%,尾矿品位降低3%,且药剂用量减少30%左右:现场试验室小试与工业试验结果表明,用MG-2为捕收剂时,可以在满足司家营矿业公司对浮选精矿质量(＞65%)要求的前提下,显著降低了浮选药剂用量,且浮选状态稳定,泡沫密且实,降低了出现泡沫跑槽的几率,解决了司家营铁矿浮选药剂用量大,成本高的缺点。
氧化机理研究分析表明:脂肪酸氧化是典型的游离基反应,影响氧化反应的主要因素是游离基的存在与数量,因此,无论是催化剂、温度、时间和氧化剂的使用都是通过改变反应溶液中的游离基的存在和数量来控制反应进程的。石英Zeta研究表明,Ca~(2+)作为石英浮选的活化剂,其主要作用是起压缩石英表面双电层厚度,在高碱度区域内,MG-2与含钙离子的石英作用较强,适合于反浮选。通过红外光谱分析,对比有无用去离子水清洗的条件下,MG-2与石英作用机理,证明了在有钙离子活化时,MG-2与石英发生了化学吸附。
As the production and consumption of steel is growing rapidly,the demand of iron ore in our country is increasing.And domestic iron ore resources are plentiful but poor,lot of which are complex refractory iron ores.Therefore,the research of separation technology for complex iron ores has an important practical significance on improving comprehensive utilization of iron ore resources in China.Based on the domestic and international reserch for Separating iron ore and quartz by anion-collector reverse flotation,the research and application of anion-collector was analysissed.Through the experiment of pure mineral and actual mineral,a new collector MG-2 was studied.The industrial production MG-2 has been successfully applied to Concentrator of sijiaying and achieved good index.
In this article,fatty acid was selected as raw material,ultraviolet radiation was selected as catalyzer,MG-2 was synthesized.Through a series of condition tests,the optimum synthesis condition was determined,the reaction temperature and time were respectively 80℃and 4-5 hour,Dosage of Oxidant was 15%of fatty acids,which appropriate Concentration is 50%.Through the Infrared Absorptions Spectra analysis and iodine value test,α-Peroxy-hydroxy aether fatty acid was found in the synthetic product.The pure mineral experiment show that the MG-2 has stronger collective power and selective than fatty acid.,it's collective power increases with the increase in PV value.It has high CMC value and difficult to form colloidal micelle in the water, so it has the feature of low temperature proofing.
Take the magnetic concentrate of sijiaying as raw ore for flotation.Through orthogonal experiments,the condition of flotation reagent was confirmed.Baseing on these conditions,the collector comparison test,opened flotation and closed flotation were achieved.The test indicated that MG-2 was a good collector for sijiaying iron ore,Compare to the raw fatty acid,the grade and recovery of flotation concentrate were respectively increased by 1.5%and 3%,the grade of tail and the dosage were respectively reduced by 3%and 30%.Take the MG-2 as collector for flotation of sijiaying iron ore,it could satisfied for the demond of flotation concentrate quality(＞65%),the amount of flotation reagent was significantly reduced and the bubble was stability and density.
Through the research and analysis of oxidation mechanism,the oxidation of fatty acid was a typical free radical reactions,the major factor was the amount of free radical.So Controlling this reaction was the same as changed amount of radical reactions where changed catalyst,temperature or oxidant.Through the measurement on pure quartz by the Zeta-potential,taking the Ca~(2+) as activator for quartz,Ca~(2+) played a primary role in compressing the double electric layer of quartz.In the high concentration alkali solution,MG-2 had a strong effect with Ca~(2+)-containing quartz, which was suitable to reverse.From the Infrared analysis,the adsoption of MG-2 on the surface of quartz was mainly cheimical.
以脂肪酸为原料,在催化剂紫外光催化条件下进行氧化反应;根据系统条件试验探索,确定MG-2的合成条件为:氧化剂用量为脂肪酸的15%,且氧化剂浓度为50%为宜;合成温度80℃,时间4-5h最佳;经红外光谱分析和碘值测试表明:合成产物为α-过氧羟基脂肪酸。单矿物试验表明:MG-2具有比脂肪酸更强的捕收性能和更好的选择性,药剂的捕收性随PV值的增大而增加;过氧羟基脂肪酸在水溶液中的CMC较高,具有很好的分散性,其耐低温能力较原脂肪酸有了较大的提高,与常用的药剂相比,具有耐低温的特点。
以司家营铁矿为浮选给矿,通过正交试验确定各个药剂条件,在此基础上进行药剂比较试验、开路实验、闭路试验:试验表明,MG-2是司家营氧化矿的良好的捕收剂,与原脂肪酸相比,在铁精矿产率相当的前提下,精矿品位、回收率分别提高1.5%、3%,尾矿品位降低3%,且药剂用量减少30%左右:现场试验室小试与工业试验结果表明,用MG-2为捕收剂时,可以在满足司家营矿业公司对浮选精矿质量(＞65%)要求的前提下,显著降低了浮选药剂用量,且浮选状态稳定,泡沫密且实,降低了出现泡沫跑槽的几率,解决了司家营铁矿浮选药剂用量大,成本高的缺点。
氧化机理研究分析表明:脂肪酸氧化是典型的游离基反应,影响氧化反应的主要因素是游离基的存在与数量,因此,无论是催化剂、温度、时间和氧化剂的使用都是通过改变反应溶液中的游离基的存在和数量来控制反应进程的。石英Zeta研究表明,Ca~(2+)作为石英浮选的活化剂,其主要作用是起压缩石英表面双电层厚度,在高碱度区域内,MG-2与含钙离子的石英作用较强,适合于反浮选。通过红外光谱分析,对比有无用去离子水清洗的条件下,MG-2与石英作用机理,证明了在有钙离子活化时,MG-2与石英发生了化学吸附。
As the production and consumption of steel is growing rapidly,the demand of iron ore in our country is increasing.And domestic iron ore resources are plentiful but poor,lot of which are complex refractory iron ores.Therefore,the research of separation technology for complex iron ores has an important practical significance on improving comprehensive utilization of iron ore resources in China.Based on the domestic and international reserch for Separating iron ore and quartz by anion-collector reverse flotation,the research and application of anion-collector was analysissed.Through the experiment of pure mineral and actual mineral,a new collector MG-2 was studied.The industrial production MG-2 has been successfully applied to Concentrator of sijiaying and achieved good index.
In this article,fatty acid was selected as raw material,ultraviolet radiation was selected as catalyzer,MG-2 was synthesized.Through a series of condition tests,the optimum synthesis condition was determined,the reaction temperature and time were respectively 80℃and 4-5 hour,Dosage of Oxidant was 15%of fatty acids,which appropriate Concentration is 50%.Through the Infrared Absorptions Spectra analysis and iodine value test,α-Peroxy-hydroxy aether fatty acid was found in the synthetic product.The pure mineral experiment show that the MG-2 has stronger collective power and selective than fatty acid.,it's collective power increases with the increase in PV value.It has high CMC value and difficult to form colloidal micelle in the water, so it has the feature of low temperature proofing.
Take the magnetic concentrate of sijiaying as raw ore for flotation.Through orthogonal experiments,the condition of flotation reagent was confirmed.Baseing on these conditions,the collector comparison test,opened flotation and closed flotation were achieved.The test indicated that MG-2 was a good collector for sijiaying iron ore,Compare to the raw fatty acid,the grade and recovery of flotation concentrate were respectively increased by 1.5%and 3%,the grade of tail and the dosage were respectively reduced by 3%and 30%.Take the MG-2 as collector for flotation of sijiaying iron ore,it could satisfied for the demond of flotation concentrate quality(＞65%),the amount of flotation reagent was significantly reduced and the bubble was stability and density.
Through the research and analysis of oxidation mechanism,the oxidation of fatty acid was a typical free radical reactions,the major factor was the amount of free radical.So Controlling this reaction was the same as changed amount of radical reactions where changed catalyst,temperature or oxidant.Through the measurement on pure quartz by the Zeta-potential,taking the Ca~(2+) as activator for quartz,Ca~(2+) played a primary role in compressing the double electric layer of quartz.In the high concentration alkali solution,MG-2 had a strong effect with Ca~(2+)-containing quartz, which was suitable to reverse.From the Infrared analysis,the adsoption of MG-2 on the surface of quartz was mainly cheimical.
引文
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[3]印万忠.铁矿选矿新技术与新设备[M],冶金工业出版社,2007
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[6]杨晓峰.选别鞍山地区贫磁铁矿石的合理工艺流程研究[J].矿业工程,2008,28(3):57-59.
[7]张立刚,余永富.太钢袁家村铁矿石英型氧化矿选矿工艺研究[J].矿业工程,2007,27(6):19-21.
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