面向并行程序设计的可视化建模语言体系及支撑系统研究
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摘要
近年来,高性能并行计算机随着多核处理器的应用已取得了迅速发展和推广应用,然而其硬件架构的日益复杂也同时对并行应用程序和软件的设计与开发技术提出了更艰巨的挑战。为有效降低并行应用程序的设计与开发难度以及提高开发效率,本论文基于高抽象层次和可视化的程序建模思想开展了并行应用程序可视化建模语言及支撑系统的研究工作。
本论文首先研究了可视化建模语言体系,提出了一种面向并行程序设计的可视化建模语言规范,定义和设计了语言规范的三个组成部分——语素(或字母表)、语法规范和语义。该语言规范提供了通用的语素表示法、基于形式化文法的语法描述和语义定义。完成了可视化建模语言的语言元素核心集合的设计和定义,采用上下文无关的可视化文法——位置文法理论完成了对语言语法的形式化定义和表示,为可视化建模方法提供了强有力的语言支持。设计并实现了一个实验对FFT并行算法模型进行语法验证,实验结果验证了提出的形式化文法进行模型语法验证的可行性和有效性。
为了支持提出的可视化建模语言,研究了可视化建模语言的支撑系统,提出了一种图形模型驱动的并行程序开发方案,在建模阶段由建模支撑系统提供模型编辑和模型验证的方法和系统支持,在模型转换阶段由基于模型解析引擎的模型转换支撑系统提供图形模型至源代码的转换方法和系统支持,以此保证并行程序开发过程中源代码框架的自动生成。实现了可视化建模语言的支撑系统平台ParDT和一种异构环境下的消息传递库,并以矩阵乘算法和SWLAG算法作为应用实例进行了实例验证。实例研究结果表明,该支撑系统能够在保证图形模型正确性和生成代码框架正确性的前提下有效降低算法的设计和开发难度。
针对更为复杂的多级混合并行计算环境,研究了多级混合并行计算环境下的可视化建模系统,提出了一种可充分利用多级混合架构下各层次架构并行性的层级式建模思想以及基于此思想的分层建模方案,设计了任务配置层、任务分配层和算法实现层三个可视化建模层次的建模规范。基于该方案设计和实现了面向多级混合并行计算环境的可视化并行程序建模系统e-ParaModel,通过运行实例和建模范例验证了分层建模方案的可行性和有效性。
As the application of multi-core processors, much progress has been made on the development and application of high-performance parallel computers, but it also bring much more difficult challenges for the design and development techniques of parallel application programs and softwares due to their increasingly complex hareware architectures. To reduce the difficulty of the design and development of parallel application programs and enhance its development efficiency, research of visual modeling languages and support systems for parallel application programs are made and the following innovative achievements are gained based on the program modeling idea on the high-abstract and visual level.
Firstly, a visual modeling language specification for the design of parallel programs and detailed definitions of its components including morpheme (or alphabet), syntax specification and semantics are proposed. The proposed specification provides a general representation method of morpheme, and syntax specification and semantics definition based on formal grammars. The kernel part of the modeling language is defined and designed, while a context-free grammar called positional grammar is applied to complete the formal definition and representation of the syntax to provide the strong theoretic support of the visual modeling language.An experiment is conducted to perform syntactic validation on FFT algorithmic model constructed by the modeling languge. The experiment results indicate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Then, the support system of the visual modeling language is researched and a graphic-model-driven parallel program development scheme is proposed. According to the scheme, in the modeling phase a modeling supportive system is researched while a graphic model editing and a model validation method is proposed and applied in it; In the model transforming phase, a model transformation supportive system is researched while a method transforming graphic models to source codes is proposed and applied in it to provide the automation of the source-code-skeleton generation. A support system platform called ParDT is designed and implemented, including an implementation of a message passing library. Two case studys on the matrix multiplication and the SWLAG algorithm, respectively, are performed. And the corresponding results indicate that the support system can effectively reduce the difficulty in developing parallel programs in the precondition of assuring correctness of graphic models and generated source code skeletons.
Finally, aiming at more complex multi-level hybrid parallel computing environment, a hierarchical idea of the parallel program modeling for the multi-level, hybrid parallel architecture is proposed and researched, and a general hierarchical modeling scheme is also designed, including the modeling specification on the proposed three layers called task allocation layer, task assignment layer, algorithmic implementation layer, respectively. A visual modeling system called e-ParaModel for the multi-level, hybrid parallel computing environment is designed and implemented. We conducted an example to demonstrate the process of the proposed modeling scheme and to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the scheme.
本论文首先研究了可视化建模语言体系,提出了一种面向并行程序设计的可视化建模语言规范,定义和设计了语言规范的三个组成部分——语素(或字母表)、语法规范和语义。该语言规范提供了通用的语素表示法、基于形式化文法的语法描述和语义定义。完成了可视化建模语言的语言元素核心集合的设计和定义,采用上下文无关的可视化文法——位置文法理论完成了对语言语法的形式化定义和表示,为可视化建模方法提供了强有力的语言支持。设计并实现了一个实验对FFT并行算法模型进行语法验证,实验结果验证了提出的形式化文法进行模型语法验证的可行性和有效性。
为了支持提出的可视化建模语言,研究了可视化建模语言的支撑系统,提出了一种图形模型驱动的并行程序开发方案,在建模阶段由建模支撑系统提供模型编辑和模型验证的方法和系统支持,在模型转换阶段由基于模型解析引擎的模型转换支撑系统提供图形模型至源代码的转换方法和系统支持,以此保证并行程序开发过程中源代码框架的自动生成。实现了可视化建模语言的支撑系统平台ParDT和一种异构环境下的消息传递库,并以矩阵乘算法和SWLAG算法作为应用实例进行了实例验证。实例研究结果表明,该支撑系统能够在保证图形模型正确性和生成代码框架正确性的前提下有效降低算法的设计和开发难度。
针对更为复杂的多级混合并行计算环境,研究了多级混合并行计算环境下的可视化建模系统,提出了一种可充分利用多级混合架构下各层次架构并行性的层级式建模思想以及基于此思想的分层建模方案,设计了任务配置层、任务分配层和算法实现层三个可视化建模层次的建模规范。基于该方案设计和实现了面向多级混合并行计算环境的可视化并行程序建模系统e-ParaModel,通过运行实例和建模范例验证了分层建模方案的可行性和有效性。
As the application of multi-core processors, much progress has been made on the development and application of high-performance parallel computers, but it also bring much more difficult challenges for the design and development techniques of parallel application programs and softwares due to their increasingly complex hareware architectures. To reduce the difficulty of the design and development of parallel application programs and enhance its development efficiency, research of visual modeling languages and support systems for parallel application programs are made and the following innovative achievements are gained based on the program modeling idea on the high-abstract and visual level.
Firstly, a visual modeling language specification for the design of parallel programs and detailed definitions of its components including morpheme (or alphabet), syntax specification and semantics are proposed. The proposed specification provides a general representation method of morpheme, and syntax specification and semantics definition based on formal grammars. The kernel part of the modeling language is defined and designed, while a context-free grammar called positional grammar is applied to complete the formal definition and representation of the syntax to provide the strong theoretic support of the visual modeling language.An experiment is conducted to perform syntactic validation on FFT algorithmic model constructed by the modeling languge. The experiment results indicate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Then, the support system of the visual modeling language is researched and a graphic-model-driven parallel program development scheme is proposed. According to the scheme, in the modeling phase a modeling supportive system is researched while a graphic model editing and a model validation method is proposed and applied in it; In the model transforming phase, a model transformation supportive system is researched while a method transforming graphic models to source codes is proposed and applied in it to provide the automation of the source-code-skeleton generation. A support system platform called ParDT is designed and implemented, including an implementation of a message passing library. Two case studys on the matrix multiplication and the SWLAG algorithm, respectively, are performed. And the corresponding results indicate that the support system can effectively reduce the difficulty in developing parallel programs in the precondition of assuring correctness of graphic models and generated source code skeletons.
Finally, aiming at more complex multi-level hybrid parallel computing environment, a hierarchical idea of the parallel program modeling for the multi-level, hybrid parallel architecture is proposed and researched, and a general hierarchical modeling scheme is also designed, including the modeling specification on the proposed three layers called task allocation layer, task assignment layer, algorithmic implementation layer, respectively. A visual modeling system called e-ParaModel for the multi-level, hybrid parallel computing environment is designed and implemented. We conducted an example to demonstrate the process of the proposed modeling scheme and to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the scheme.
引文
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