基于SNMP的嵌入式UPS监控系统设计
摘要
UPS(Uninterruptible Power System),即不间断电源,是能够给计算机等电力电子设备提供持续、稳定、不间断的电源供应的重要设备。在市电不稳定时,UPS可避免被供电设备遭受突然断电、浪涌冲击等危害,使其较为稳定地工作。但UPS的备用时间有限,且在其工作期间也可能出现各种异常情况。UPS管理人员需要随时了解设备运行时的电力环境,掌握UPS的工作状况。而当前一些UPS都是使用RS232或RS485的串口监控策略,采用人工值守的方式进行管理的。当UPS的地理位置比较分散时,管理监控会受到传输距离的限制。智能型UPS是当今UPS的一大发展趋势,它通过集成网络接口与计算机进行通讯,从而使网络管理员能够通过网络监控UPS,并能实现分布式管理。网络通信协议选用的是SNMP(简单网络管理)协议。SNMP以其简单灵活、网络负载小、扩展性强、易于在大规模的网络上实现等优点被广泛采用,已成为基于TCP/IP网络管理的协议标准。
本文通过简述UPS的工作原理及工作模式来引入UPS监控系统,然后分析了UPS监控系统的组成及监控技术的发展现状,在此基础上提出了一种基于SNMP协议的嵌入式UPS监控系统方案,该方案设计了基于S3C4510B和μClinux操作系统的硬件SNMP卡,完成了由UPS的串口监控到网络监控方式的转换,实现了在SNMP标准协议的基础上对UPS进行网络管理和监控的目标。
在硬件电路设计方面,本文分别介绍了S3C4510B外围电源电路、存储器扩展电路和以太网控制及驱动电路,并针对这些硬件电路,分别给出了调试方法和过程。
在监控系统的嵌入式软件设计方面,分别介绍了Bootloader的移植、μClinux的移植和SNMP软件包的开发,重点讲述了snmpd代理的扩展及基于μClinux的SNMP应用程序设计,通过分析串口MegaTec协议,明确了UPS的监控内容,设计了MIB库,实现了由串口监控到基于SNMP协议的网络监控的转变,基本达到了设计要求。
论文最后给出了系统测试结果及完成情况,并提出了不足和今后努力的方向。
UPS (Uninterruptible Power System), an uninterruptible power system, is an important equipment that can provide sustained, stable and uninterrupted power supply for computers and other electronic devices. When electricity is instable in the city, UPS can avoid the equipment suffering from a sudden power failure, surge impact and other hazards, in order to make them work more stable. However, UPS back-up time is limited, and during its work-time it may bring about a variety of special anomalies. UPS managers need understand the exact run-time power environment of the equipment at any time and master the UPS's work state. Recently, UPS uses the strategies that RS232 or RS485 serial port will control the equipment, and the management methods of manual work on duty. When the UPS scattered at different geographical location, the transmission distance will be constrainted. Smart UPS is the trend of its today development, communicating with the computer through integrated network interfaces, so that the administrator can monitor and control UPS through network and realize distributed management. Network communication protocol is SNMP (Simple Network Management) protocol. SNMP are widely used for its advantages, that is simple and flexible, its small network load, be stable and easy to realize in large-scale network on the Internet, it has become protocol standards based on the TCP / IP network management.
This paper describes the working principle of UPS and UPS model, introducing a monitoring system, analyzing the composition of UPS monitoring system and the development of monitor technology at present, and proposing a programe of embedded monitoring system for UPS based on the SNMP. The programe is designed as a SNMP hardware card based on S3C4510B andμClinux operating system, completing the transformation from serial interfaces to the network for UPS, realizing the objectives of monitoring and managing the UPS system through network.
In this paper, the hardware circuits have been introduced, such as S3C4510B external power supply circuit, memory expansion circuit and Ethernet control and drive circuit, showing the process of debugging for these circuits respectively.
The embedded software have been made in the monitoring system. The paper . introduces Bootloader porting,μClinux porting and the development of SNMP packages, focusing on the expansion of snmpd agent and the SNMP-based applied design withμClinux. It definites UPS monitoring contents, designing the MIB database, and achieving the changes from serial monitoring to SNMP-based network monitoring and the design requirement basically through the analysis of serial MegaTec protocol.
Finally, the paper presents the results of the system tests and the completed situation, with the representation of some weak points and future directions.
本文通过简述UPS的工作原理及工作模式来引入UPS监控系统,然后分析了UPS监控系统的组成及监控技术的发展现状,在此基础上提出了一种基于SNMP协议的嵌入式UPS监控系统方案,该方案设计了基于S3C4510B和μClinux操作系统的硬件SNMP卡,完成了由UPS的串口监控到网络监控方式的转换,实现了在SNMP标准协议的基础上对UPS进行网络管理和监控的目标。
在硬件电路设计方面,本文分别介绍了S3C4510B外围电源电路、存储器扩展电路和以太网控制及驱动电路,并针对这些硬件电路,分别给出了调试方法和过程。
在监控系统的嵌入式软件设计方面,分别介绍了Bootloader的移植、μClinux的移植和SNMP软件包的开发,重点讲述了snmpd代理的扩展及基于μClinux的SNMP应用程序设计,通过分析串口MegaTec协议,明确了UPS的监控内容,设计了MIB库,实现了由串口监控到基于SNMP协议的网络监控的转变,基本达到了设计要求。
论文最后给出了系统测试结果及完成情况,并提出了不足和今后努力的方向。
UPS (Uninterruptible Power System), an uninterruptible power system, is an important equipment that can provide sustained, stable and uninterrupted power supply for computers and other electronic devices. When electricity is instable in the city, UPS can avoid the equipment suffering from a sudden power failure, surge impact and other hazards, in order to make them work more stable. However, UPS back-up time is limited, and during its work-time it may bring about a variety of special anomalies. UPS managers need understand the exact run-time power environment of the equipment at any time and master the UPS's work state. Recently, UPS uses the strategies that RS232 or RS485 serial port will control the equipment, and the management methods of manual work on duty. When the UPS scattered at different geographical location, the transmission distance will be constrainted. Smart UPS is the trend of its today development, communicating with the computer through integrated network interfaces, so that the administrator can monitor and control UPS through network and realize distributed management. Network communication protocol is SNMP (Simple Network Management) protocol. SNMP are widely used for its advantages, that is simple and flexible, its small network load, be stable and easy to realize in large-scale network on the Internet, it has become protocol standards based on the TCP / IP network management.
This paper describes the working principle of UPS and UPS model, introducing a monitoring system, analyzing the composition of UPS monitoring system and the development of monitor technology at present, and proposing a programe of embedded monitoring system for UPS based on the SNMP. The programe is designed as a SNMP hardware card based on S3C4510B andμClinux operating system, completing the transformation from serial interfaces to the network for UPS, realizing the objectives of monitoring and managing the UPS system through network.
In this paper, the hardware circuits have been introduced, such as S3C4510B external power supply circuit, memory expansion circuit and Ethernet control and drive circuit, showing the process of debugging for these circuits respectively.
The embedded software have been made in the monitoring system. The paper . introduces Bootloader porting,μClinux porting and the development of SNMP packages, focusing on the expansion of snmpd agent and the SNMP-based applied design withμClinux. It definites UPS monitoring contents, designing the MIB database, and achieving the changes from serial monitoring to SNMP-based network monitoring and the design requirement basically through the analysis of serial MegaTec protocol.
Finally, the paper presents the results of the system tests and the completed situation, with the representation of some weak points and future directions.
引文
[1]什么是UPS.电源世界,2006(6):59-60.
[2]广东易事特电力系统有限公司.EA890使用说明书.
[3]王庆国,董超.浅谈UPS电源的基本工作原理、分类及配置方法.能源技术与管理,2008(6):109-110.
[4]敖晓宏.一种UPS监控系统的Web管理技术的研究与实现.[硕士学位论文].沈阳:东北大学,2005.
[5]李锡红,吴建德,何湘宁.UPS监控技术综述[J].通信电源技术,2003(1):18-20.
[6]王力坚.UPS需要远程监控.中国计算机用户,2006.22:43.
[7]尼秀明,徐佩霞.SNMP扩展代理的快速实现及扩展技巧.计算机工程,2002(9):124-126.刘文芹.浅谈UPS发展趋势.电源世界,2006(2):28-30.
[8]UPS网络监控管理适配器—SNMP卡.
[9]何项新,杨义成,任劲松.基于S3C4510B的网络UPS监控系统.计算机技术与发展[J],2006,16(6):12-14.
[10]马忠梅,李善平,康慨等.ARM&Linux嵌入式系统教程[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004年.
[11]邓巍.嵌入式SNMP代理的设计与实现.[硕士学位论文].重庆大学,2007.
[12]李驹光.ARM应用系统开发详解——基于S3C4510B的系统设计.
[13]马新芳.便携式设备电源管理研究.[硕士学位论文].华中师范大学,2008.
[14]AM29LV160D User manual.
[15]DM9161 User manual.
[16]ST-L1012 User manual.
[17]S3C4510B User manual.
[18]何惠琴.ARM调试系统的研究与实现.[硕士学位论文].华中师范大学,2005.
[19]u-boot分析-<节选>嵌入式Linux系统开发技术详解.基于ARM.
[20]u-boot移植步骤详解.
[21]胡睿.嵌入式GPS多功能手持终端的设计与实现.[硕士学位论文].华中师范大学,2007.
[22]廖院松.BESⅢ超导磁体数据采集系统的设计与实现.[硕士学位论文].华中师范大学,2007.
[23]刘峥嵘,张智超,许振山.嵌入式Linux应用开发详解.机械工业出版社,2004.
[24]祖校锋.嵌入式Linux系统应用研究.[硕士学位论文].华中科技大学,2004.
[25]王倩.基于SNMP的嵌入式网络管理代理的研究及其通用平台工具的实现.[硕士学位论文].华中师范大学,2005.
[26]陈学亮.基于Linux嵌入式系统下的SNMP原理与实现.[硕士学位论文].西安电子科技大学,2006.
[27]武孟军,徐龑,任相臣.Visual C++开发基于SNMP的网络管理软件[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2007.
[28]付德生.一个基于SNMP的网络监视系统的研究与实现.[硕士学位论文].四川大学,2006.
[29]陈俊麟.基于SNMP嵌入式网络管理系统的研究与实现.[硕士学位论文].武汉理工大学,2007.
[30]邓苗.基于SNMP综合网管平台的MIB与事件机制的设计与实现.[硕士学位论文].国防科学技术大学,2006.
[31]黄金燕.基于SNMP对无线嵌入式网络产品的网络管理.[硕士学位论文].南京信息工程大学,2007.
[32]李明江.SNMP简单网络管理协议[M].北京:电子工业出版社.2007.
[33]Mega System Technologies Inc.MegaTec Extend Communications Protocol-for Three-Phase UPS.2000.
[34]用NET-SNMP软件包开发简单客户端代理.http://bibu.blogchina.com/inc/net_snmp_doc.htm#_Toc116812032.
[35]net-snmp tutorials.http://www.net-snmp.org/wiki/index.php/Tutorials.
[36]李明.移植NET-SNMP(ARM9)总结收藏.http://blog.csdn.net/livingpark.
[37]郭正康,邱绍峰,黄俊.uclinx嵌入式系统上SNMP扩展代理实现.现代电子技术.2006(24):78-80.
[38]吕锋,闵笛.嵌入式Power PC Linux环境下基于Net-SNMP的代理开发.武汉理工大学学报(信息与管理工程版),2006(5):15,25,35,45.
[39]张洪耿.μClinux上UCD-SNMP Agent的实现.
[2]广东易事特电力系统有限公司.EA890使用说明书.
[3]王庆国,董超.浅谈UPS电源的基本工作原理、分类及配置方法.能源技术与管理,2008(6):109-110.
[4]敖晓宏.一种UPS监控系统的Web管理技术的研究与实现.[硕士学位论文].沈阳:东北大学,2005.
[5]李锡红,吴建德,何湘宁.UPS监控技术综述[J].通信电源技术,2003(1):18-20.
[6]王力坚.UPS需要远程监控.中国计算机用户,2006.22:43.
[7]尼秀明,徐佩霞.SNMP扩展代理的快速实现及扩展技巧.计算机工程,2002(9):124-126.刘文芹.浅谈UPS发展趋势.电源世界,2006(2):28-30.
[8]UPS网络监控管理适配器—SNMP卡.
[9]何项新,杨义成,任劲松.基于S3C4510B的网络UPS监控系统.计算机技术与发展[J],2006,16(6):12-14.
[10]马忠梅,李善平,康慨等.ARM&Linux嵌入式系统教程[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004年.
[11]邓巍.嵌入式SNMP代理的设计与实现.[硕士学位论文].重庆大学,2007.
[12]李驹光.ARM应用系统开发详解——基于S3C4510B的系统设计.
[13]马新芳.便携式设备电源管理研究.[硕士学位论文].华中师范大学,2008.
[14]AM29LV160D User manual.
[15]DM9161 User manual.
[16]ST-L1012 User manual.
[17]S3C4510B User manual.
[18]何惠琴.ARM调试系统的研究与实现.[硕士学位论文].华中师范大学,2005.
[19]u-boot分析-<节选>嵌入式Linux系统开发技术详解.基于ARM.
[20]u-boot移植步骤详解.
[21]胡睿.嵌入式GPS多功能手持终端的设计与实现.[硕士学位论文].华中师范大学,2007.
[22]廖院松.BESⅢ超导磁体数据采集系统的设计与实现.[硕士学位论文].华中师范大学,2007.
[23]刘峥嵘,张智超,许振山.嵌入式Linux应用开发详解.机械工业出版社,2004.
[24]祖校锋.嵌入式Linux系统应用研究.[硕士学位论文].华中科技大学,2004.
[25]王倩.基于SNMP的嵌入式网络管理代理的研究及其通用平台工具的实现.[硕士学位论文].华中师范大学,2005.
[26]陈学亮.基于Linux嵌入式系统下的SNMP原理与实现.[硕士学位论文].西安电子科技大学,2006.
[27]武孟军,徐龑,任相臣.Visual C++开发基于SNMP的网络管理软件[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2007.
[28]付德生.一个基于SNMP的网络监视系统的研究与实现.[硕士学位论文].四川大学,2006.
[29]陈俊麟.基于SNMP嵌入式网络管理系统的研究与实现.[硕士学位论文].武汉理工大学,2007.
[30]邓苗.基于SNMP综合网管平台的MIB与事件机制的设计与实现.[硕士学位论文].国防科学技术大学,2006.
[31]黄金燕.基于SNMP对无线嵌入式网络产品的网络管理.[硕士学位论文].南京信息工程大学,2007.
[32]李明江.SNMP简单网络管理协议[M].北京:电子工业出版社.2007.
[33]Mega System Technologies Inc.MegaTec Extend Communications Protocol-for Three-Phase UPS.2000.
[34]用NET-SNMP软件包开发简单客户端代理.http://bibu.blogchina.com/inc/net_snmp_doc.htm#_Toc116812032.
[35]net-snmp tutorials.http://www.net-snmp.org/wiki/index.php/Tutorials.
[36]李明.移植NET-SNMP(ARM9)总结收藏.http://blog.csdn.net/livingpark.
[37]郭正康,邱绍峰,黄俊.uclinx嵌入式系统上SNMP扩展代理实现.现代电子技术.2006(24):78-80.
[38]吕锋,闵笛.嵌入式Power PC Linux环境下基于Net-SNMP的代理开发.武汉理工大学学报(信息与管理工程版),2006(5):15,25,35,45.
[39]张洪耿.μClinux上UCD-SNMP Agent的实现.