基于SNMP的嵌入式无线电台网络管理的设计与实现
摘要
网络管理产生于19世纪80年代,旨在解决当时各类大型异构的网络给管理人员带来的困难与危机。此后,网络通信技术进一步发展,家庭网络、传感器网络、无线网络等新型网络兴起,使越来越多的嵌入式设备接入网络,给网络管理者带来了全新挑战。
本研究课题来源于南京第十四研究所和南航计算机系合作开发的基于IEEE802.11b标准的地铁无线通信项目。在该地铁无线通信系统中,无线访问点(AP)和无线站(STA)的交互作为该系统的核心部分,其工作状态将直接影响到地铁各种设备参数的准确传递。因此,对AP和STA工作状态的监控、配置和管理成为整个网络维护的关键所在。为了便于管理维护,必须针对AP和STA设计实现相应的管理方案,监控管理无线通信链路,保障系统的运行。
本文以地铁无线通信系统为应用研究背景,基于SNMP协议设计并实现了嵌入式无线电台设备的网络管理。在无线局域网中,实现嵌入式设备AP/STA无线参数的配置管理及相应的自动预警功能。主要工作包括:基于ASN.1定制嵌入式电台无线参数相关的私有MIB,抽象并提取设备相应的被管信息;通过逐一分析SNMP代理各功能模块的工作机制,完成各功能模块的设计与实现,基于Net-SNMP开发代理;通过交叉编译与移植,实现嵌入式环境下SNMP代理的运作;最后采用第三方基于SNMP协议标准的管理者软件,对嵌入式无线电台网络管理进行系统测试。结果表明,通过移植代理,可正确读取嵌入式无线电台的私有MIB并进行配置管理;代理亦能在异常发生时进行自动预警。结果还显示,SNMP网管信息会对网络负载产生一定的影响,但此种负荷对网络通信链路而言是可承受的。
Automatic network management, with the purpose of resolving the management difficulties and crises from various heterogeneous networks, appeared in 1980s. By the rapid development of communication technology, the house network, the sensor network and wireless network made more and more embedded devices add into the Internet. The network management managers face more challenges now.
The Subway's Wireless Communication System which based on 802.11b standard was cooperated by the 14th research deparment of Nanjing and the Computer Science department of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. As the communication between STA and AP is the key ingredient in this system, it’s important to configure and monitor AP and STA. In order to make the system operate normally, a management solution must be adopted to control these devices and check the communication quality of wireless link.
By taking the Subway's Wireless Communication System as the applied research background, it constructed the embedded radio's network management model based on SNMP protocol, aiming for a better configuration and automatical alarm when something abnormal happened. It also abstracted the wireless-related parameter and defined the private MIB of embedded radio (AP/STA) based on ASN.1, and completed the design of each function module of agent based on Net-SNMP kit. After cross-compiling and transplant, it accomplished network-management function for the embedded radio. Test results show that the system can work normally, and the agent has a good compatibility and the extra load the system brings to the network is endurable.
本研究课题来源于南京第十四研究所和南航计算机系合作开发的基于IEEE802.11b标准的地铁无线通信项目。在该地铁无线通信系统中,无线访问点(AP)和无线站(STA)的交互作为该系统的核心部分,其工作状态将直接影响到地铁各种设备参数的准确传递。因此,对AP和STA工作状态的监控、配置和管理成为整个网络维护的关键所在。为了便于管理维护,必须针对AP和STA设计实现相应的管理方案,监控管理无线通信链路,保障系统的运行。
本文以地铁无线通信系统为应用研究背景,基于SNMP协议设计并实现了嵌入式无线电台设备的网络管理。在无线局域网中,实现嵌入式设备AP/STA无线参数的配置管理及相应的自动预警功能。主要工作包括:基于ASN.1定制嵌入式电台无线参数相关的私有MIB,抽象并提取设备相应的被管信息;通过逐一分析SNMP代理各功能模块的工作机制,完成各功能模块的设计与实现,基于Net-SNMP开发代理;通过交叉编译与移植,实现嵌入式环境下SNMP代理的运作;最后采用第三方基于SNMP协议标准的管理者软件,对嵌入式无线电台网络管理进行系统测试。结果表明,通过移植代理,可正确读取嵌入式无线电台的私有MIB并进行配置管理;代理亦能在异常发生时进行自动预警。结果还显示,SNMP网管信息会对网络负载产生一定的影响,但此种负荷对网络通信链路而言是可承受的。
Automatic network management, with the purpose of resolving the management difficulties and crises from various heterogeneous networks, appeared in 1980s. By the rapid development of communication technology, the house network, the sensor network and wireless network made more and more embedded devices add into the Internet. The network management managers face more challenges now.
The Subway's Wireless Communication System which based on 802.11b standard was cooperated by the 14th research deparment of Nanjing and the Computer Science department of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. As the communication between STA and AP is the key ingredient in this system, it’s important to configure and monitor AP and STA. In order to make the system operate normally, a management solution must be adopted to control these devices and check the communication quality of wireless link.
By taking the Subway's Wireless Communication System as the applied research background, it constructed the embedded radio's network management model based on SNMP protocol, aiming for a better configuration and automatical alarm when something abnormal happened. It also abstracted the wireless-related parameter and defined the private MIB of embedded radio (AP/STA) based on ASN.1, and completed the design of each function module of agent based on Net-SNMP kit. After cross-compiling and transplant, it accomplished network-management function for the embedded radio. Test results show that the system can work normally, and the agent has a good compatibility and the extra load the system brings to the network is endurable.
引文
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[2] (美)马赛厄斯.海因,戴维.格里菲思,简单网络管理协议的理论与实践(邢国光,杨永亭,王培良译),北京,国防工业出版社, 1999:1~360.
[3]杨汉祥,杨润, HP SNMP++SNMP管理站开发包的分析,计算机与现代化,2002,2:7~11.
[4] AdventNet, Inc. Embedded Agents Solutions for Network OEMs and MSPs, (2008), http://www.adventnet.com/solutions/nevs_agent.html
[5] InterNiche Technologies, Inc. NicheStack SNMP - Device Management Agents, (2005-2007), http://www.iniche.com/snmp.php
[6] Net-SNMP group, Net-SNMP, (2007-05-01), http://www.net-snmp.org/
[7]王倩,基于SNMP的嵌入式网络管理代理的研究及其通用平台工具的实现, [硕士学位论文],武汉,华中师范大学, 2005年.
[8] iReasoning Networks Inc. SNMP Agent Builder 6.0, (2002-2007), http://www.ireasoning.com/snmpagent.shtml
[9] Koshna Software Technologies Pvt Ltd, Koshna SNMP Agent Toolkit, (2005), http://www.koshna.com/products/ksa/index.asp
[10]宁焕生, RFID终端设备的嵌入式SNMP网络管理模块,中国,电通信技术, CN200610079047, 2006.09.03.
[11]金西,国内首款基于嵌入式Linux的网络管理卡面市, (2000-08-01), http://it.sohu.com/20000801/100007.html
[12]黄玲,嵌入式网络管理代理开发平台的设计与实现, [硕士学位论文],武汉,华中师范大学, 2006.
[13]孟洛明,网络管理研究中的问题现状和若干研究方向,北京邮电大学学报, 2003, 2(26):1~8.
[14] Mani Subramanian, NETWORK MANAGEMENT Principles and Practice(影印版),北京,高等教育出版社, 2001:38~40,96~113.
[15] T.S.Randhawa, R.H.S.Hardy, Over-the-Air Management of Multi-Mode Mobile Hosts using SNMP, IEEE IP Operations and Management, 2002, 2:189~193.
[16]J.Kantorovitch, P.Mahonen, Case studies and experiments of SNMP in wireless networks, IEEE IP Operations and Management, 2002, 2:179~183.
[17] Soo-Jin Jung, Jong-Hyouk Lee, Young-Ju Han, etc. SNMP-based Integrated Wire/Wireless Device Management System, IEEE Advanced Communication Technology The 9th International Conference on Volume 2, 2007, 2:995~998.
[18]郭军,网络管理,北京,北京邮电大学出版社, 2001:3~15,97~139.
[19] William Stallings, SNMP and SNMPv2:The Infrastructure for Network Management, IEEE Communications Magazine, 1998, 36(3):37~43.
[20] Laxman D.Netak, Arvind W.Kiwelekar, Efficient Network Management Using SNMP, Journal of Network and Systems Management, 2006,14(2):189~194.
[21] R.Chaparadza, On designing SNMP based monitoring systems supporting ubiquitous access and real-time visualization of traffic flow in the network, using low cost tools, 13th IEEE International Conference on Volume 2,2005, 2:868~873.
[22] M.Wiesmann, P.Urban, X.Defago, An SNMP based failure detection service, Reliable Distributed Systems 25th IEEE Symposium on Oct,2006,6:365~376.
[23] J.D.Case, J.R.Davin, M.S.Fedor, etc. Internet network management using the simple network management protocol, Local Computer Networks Proceedings 14th Conference on 10-12 Oct, 1989:156~159.
[24]陶洋,胡敏,网络管理原理与实践,北京,科学出版社, 2000:141~170.
[25] William Stallings, SNMP网络管理(胡成松,汪凯译),北京,中国电力出版社, 2001:53~62.
[26]安晓嵘,李孝安,分布式网络管理系统中SNMP Agent的研究,科学技术与工程, 2006, 6(11):1565~1568.
[27] P.Drake, Using SNMP to manage networks, Designing Resilient Architectures IEEE Colloquium on 15 Nov, 1991:2/1~2/4.
[28]金松,郭兴旺, SNMP在嵌入式操作系统(VxWorks)中的实现,计算机应用研究, 2004,5:227~228.
[29] H.E.Hia, S.F.Midkiff, Securing SNMP across backbone networks, IEEE Computer Communications and Networks, Tenth International Conference on 15-17 Oct, 2001, 1:190~196.
[30] H.A.Teegan, Distributed Performance Monitoring using SNMP V2, IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium, 1996,2:616~619.
[31]胡方炜,基于嵌入式Linux系统的SNMP代理开发研究, [硕士学位论文],杭州,浙江工业大学, 2004年.
[32] Network Working Group SNMPv2 Working Group,Protocol operations for version 2 of the simple network management protocol (snmpv2), RFC1905, 1996:1~24.
[33] SNMPv2 Working Group, J.Case, Management information base for version 2 of the simple network management management protocol(snmpv2), RFC 1907, 1996:1~17.
[34] (美)W.Richard Stevens, TCP/IP详解(范建华,胥光辉,张涛等译),北京,机械工业出版社:270~292.
[35] Qing Wang, Qiang Du, Guohui Lin, IPTV STB Software Update Scheme Based on SNMP, Electro/information Technology IEEE International Conference, 2006, 5:197~200.
[36] You-Sun Hwang, Eung-Bae Kim, The management of the broadband wireless access system with SNMP, IEEE Telecommunications, 2003, 1:225~228.
[37]罗雪松,罗蕾,许子辛,嵌入式SNMP Agent的设计与实现,计算机应用研究, 2004, 10:220~222.
[38]武孟俊,任相臣, Visual C++开发基于SNMP的网络管理软件,北京,人民邮电出版社, 2007:1~82.
[39]刘红,白栋,孔令山,丁炜,嵌入式SNMP代理软件的设计与实现,计算机工程与应用, 2001, 21:52~54.
[40]吕锋,闵笛,嵌入式Power PC Linux环境下基于Net-SNMP的代理开发,武汉理工大学学报, 2006, 28(5):51~54.
[41]姚炜,苏皆磊,李迎春,嵌入式SNMP网络代理器的设计与实现,上海大学学报, 2006, 12(6):567~571.
[42]杨照宇,涂晓东,李乐民, OBS网络中基于SNMP的嵌入式代理的实现,电子科技大学学报, 2004, 6:667~670.
[43]刘英浩,孙明海,阮方, SNMP委托代理在嵌入式系统中的实现,微计算机信息, 2005, 21(9-2):51~53.
[44]胡方炜,张丹,杨扬, Linux环境下基于ucd-snmp的SNMP代理开发,通信技术, 2003, 6:66~68.
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