基于SNMP协议Agent的设计与实现
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摘要
随着计算机与通信技术的发展,出现了大量的网络设备和复杂的网络环境,网络管理成为一个不可忽略的问题。简单网络管理协议(SNMP)被广泛应用于网络管理,成为事实上的网络管理工业标准。网络管理代理是网络管理体系中的核心实体,它是一种软件模块,存在于被管理的网络设备上,用来访问运行状态、设备特征、系统配置以及其他相关信息,是被管设备与网络管理软件之间起应答作用和实施管理动作的中间接口。
为解决大唐公司各种类型交换机设备的统一管理,设计并实现了统一网管接口系统——SNMP Agent模型。设备端和网络管理站之间制定了统一的接口,拥有较好的扩展性,极大地方便了后期的开发工作,节省了大量的人力和物力。
本文首先介绍了网络管理的模型结构、SNMP协议规范及其工作原理,然后根据当前网络管理代理软件的普遍功能需求,提出了一个具有开放式处理流程、便于扩展的SNMP代理设计方案,并加以实现。共分为五大模块:初始化模块、通信模块、报文处理模块、Trap处理模块和MIB管理模块,文中详细阐述了每个模块的设计思路及其实现中的关键技术。
Along with the development in computer network, it appeared that a flood of network equipments and the complicated network environment, the network management becomes a problem which can't be neglected. Simple network management protocol (SNMP) is been extensive to apply in network management, becoming industrial standard in fact of the network management. SNMP agent is the kernel entity of SNMP network management; it is a kind of software resident in the managed network devices, which can access their run-time status, device characteristics, system configuring parameters and other correlative information.And which is the reply and connection interface between the managed equipment and the network management software.
In order to solve the problem of the unified management of the different kinds of type commutation machine equipments in Da Tang's company, we design and realize the unifying interface system which is a kind of SNMP Agent model between the equipment end and the network management station.It has good extension, and it would facilitate to the later development work, save the massive manpower and the material resource.
This paper introduces the basic model of network management and the framework of SNMP. Then we analyze the difficulty to extend the current SNMP agents by their non-opening processing method. To deal with the problem, this paper puts forward a framework of extensible SNMP agent, which is made up of five modules: initialization module、communication module、message processing module、Trap processing module and MIB management module. This paper gives description of the design idea and realization method in detail.
为解决大唐公司各种类型交换机设备的统一管理,设计并实现了统一网管接口系统——SNMP Agent模型。设备端和网络管理站之间制定了统一的接口,拥有较好的扩展性,极大地方便了后期的开发工作,节省了大量的人力和物力。
本文首先介绍了网络管理的模型结构、SNMP协议规范及其工作原理,然后根据当前网络管理代理软件的普遍功能需求,提出了一个具有开放式处理流程、便于扩展的SNMP代理设计方案,并加以实现。共分为五大模块:初始化模块、通信模块、报文处理模块、Trap处理模块和MIB管理模块,文中详细阐述了每个模块的设计思路及其实现中的关键技术。
Along with the development in computer network, it appeared that a flood of network equipments and the complicated network environment, the network management becomes a problem which can't be neglected. Simple network management protocol (SNMP) is been extensive to apply in network management, becoming industrial standard in fact of the network management. SNMP agent is the kernel entity of SNMP network management; it is a kind of software resident in the managed network devices, which can access their run-time status, device characteristics, system configuring parameters and other correlative information.And which is the reply and connection interface between the managed equipment and the network management software.
In order to solve the problem of the unified management of the different kinds of type commutation machine equipments in Da Tang's company, we design and realize the unifying interface system which is a kind of SNMP Agent model between the equipment end and the network management station.It has good extension, and it would facilitate to the later development work, save the massive manpower and the material resource.
This paper introduces the basic model of network management and the framework of SNMP. Then we analyze the difficulty to extend the current SNMP agents by their non-opening processing method. To deal with the problem, this paper puts forward a framework of extensible SNMP agent, which is made up of five modules: initialization module、communication module、message processing module、Trap processing module and MIB management module. This paper gives description of the design idea and realization method in detail.
引文
[1]William Stallings.SNMP网络管理(胡成松翻译).中国电力出版社.2001.9.
[2]UCD-SNMP Project,http://ucd-snmp.ucdavis.edu/,2000.
[3]曹丽红,杨正球,孟洛明.通用网管代理自动生成系统的研究与实现.计算机工程与应用.2003年第32期.
[4]M.T.Rose,K.McCloghrie.Structure and identification of management information for TCP/IP-based internets.IETF.rfc1155.1990.5.
[5]S.E.Hardcastle-Kille.A string oncoding of Prosentation Address RFC 1278.1991.11.
[6]杨家海,任宪坤,王沛瑜.网络管理原理与技术.北京:清华大学出版社.2000。
[7]J.D.Case,M.Fedor,M.L.Schoffstall,C.Davin.Simple Network Management Protocol(SNMP).IETE rfcl157.1990.5.
[8]K.McCloghrie,M.T.Rose.Management Information Base for Network Management of TCP/IP-based internets:MIB-Ⅱ.IETErfcI213.1991.5.
[9]SNMPv2 Working Group,J.Case,K.McCloghrie,M.Rose,S Waldbusser.Protocol Operations for Version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2).IIETF.rfcl905.1996.1.
[10]D.Harrington,R.Presuhn,B.Wi jnen.An Architecture for Describing SNMP Management Frameworks.IETF.rfc2271.1998.
[11]J.Case,D.Harrington,R.Presuhn,B.Wi jnen.Message Processingand Dispatching for the Simple Network Management Protocol.IETF.rfc2272.1998.
[12]U.Blumenthal,B.Wi jnen.User based Security Model(USM) for version 3 of the Simple Network Management Protocol.IETF.rfc2274.1998.
[13]B.Wijnen,R.Presuhn,K.McCloghrie.View based Access Control Model for the Simple Network Management Protocol.IETF.rfc2275.1998.
[14]K.McCloghrie,D.Perkins,J.Schoenwaelder.Structure of Management Information Version 2(SMIv2).IETF.rfc2578.1999.4.
[15]K.McCloghrie,D.Perkins,J.Schoenwaelder.IETF.Textual Conventions for SMIv2.rfc2579.1999.4.
[16]K.McCloghrie,D.Perkins,J.Schoenwaelder.Conformance Statements for SMIv2.IETF.rfc2580.1999.4.
[17]Raman L.OSI system and network management.IEEE Communication. 1988.46-53.
[18]刘奕明,陈涵生.Agent模型在网络管理中的应用.计算机工程.2003.29(21).120-122.
[19]刘广钟,李祥生.基于Agent的网络管理.计算机应用研究,2002.10.84-86.
[20]张先锋,邱劲松,金连甫.基于SNMP代理技术的管理设备仿真.计算机应用2002.22(4).58-59.
[21]樊兴,郭铭,宁志杰.NMS管理软件的设计与实现.计算机与数字技术工程.2004,32(1).46-49.
[22]朱亚波.SNMP网络管理协议及其Agent软件在ATM交换机中的实现.中国数据通信.2001.9.29-32.
[23]张枕,白雪峰,方乐.SNMPvl与SNMPv2、SNMPv3的比较研究[J].计算机工程与应用.2000.4.124-126.
[24][美]Mark A.Milter,P.E.用SNMP管理互联网络(晏明峰,李静.晏竣峰译).北京:中国水利水电出版社.2001.
[25]岑贤海,安常青.网络管理协议及应用开发.清华大学出版社.1998.
[2]UCD-SNMP Project,http://ucd-snmp.ucdavis.edu/,2000.
[3]曹丽红,杨正球,孟洛明.通用网管代理自动生成系统的研究与实现.计算机工程与应用.2003年第32期.
[4]M.T.Rose,K.McCloghrie.Structure and identification of management information for TCP/IP-based internets.IETF.rfc1155.1990.5.
[5]S.E.Hardcastle-Kille.A string oncoding of Prosentation Address RFC 1278.1991.11.
[6]杨家海,任宪坤,王沛瑜.网络管理原理与技术.北京:清华大学出版社.2000。
[7]J.D.Case,M.Fedor,M.L.Schoffstall,C.Davin.Simple Network Management Protocol(SNMP).IETE rfcl157.1990.5.
[8]K.McCloghrie,M.T.Rose.Management Information Base for Network Management of TCP/IP-based internets:MIB-Ⅱ.IETErfcI213.1991.5.
[9]SNMPv2 Working Group,J.Case,K.McCloghrie,M.Rose,S Waldbusser.Protocol Operations for Version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2).IIETF.rfcl905.1996.1.
[10]D.Harrington,R.Presuhn,B.Wi jnen.An Architecture for Describing SNMP Management Frameworks.IETF.rfc2271.1998.
[11]J.Case,D.Harrington,R.Presuhn,B.Wi jnen.Message Processingand Dispatching for the Simple Network Management Protocol.IETF.rfc2272.1998.
[12]U.Blumenthal,B.Wi jnen.User based Security Model(USM) for version 3 of the Simple Network Management Protocol.IETF.rfc2274.1998.
[13]B.Wijnen,R.Presuhn,K.McCloghrie.View based Access Control Model for the Simple Network Management Protocol.IETF.rfc2275.1998.
[14]K.McCloghrie,D.Perkins,J.Schoenwaelder.Structure of Management Information Version 2(SMIv2).IETF.rfc2578.1999.4.
[15]K.McCloghrie,D.Perkins,J.Schoenwaelder.IETF.Textual Conventions for SMIv2.rfc2579.1999.4.
[16]K.McCloghrie,D.Perkins,J.Schoenwaelder.Conformance Statements for SMIv2.IETF.rfc2580.1999.4.
[17]Raman L.OSI system and network management.IEEE Communication. 1988.46-53.
[18]刘奕明,陈涵生.Agent模型在网络管理中的应用.计算机工程.2003.29(21).120-122.
[19]刘广钟,李祥生.基于Agent的网络管理.计算机应用研究,2002.10.84-86.
[20]张先锋,邱劲松,金连甫.基于SNMP代理技术的管理设备仿真.计算机应用2002.22(4).58-59.
[21]樊兴,郭铭,宁志杰.NMS管理软件的设计与实现.计算机与数字技术工程.2004,32(1).46-49.
[22]朱亚波.SNMP网络管理协议及其Agent软件在ATM交换机中的实现.中国数据通信.2001.9.29-32.
[23]张枕,白雪峰,方乐.SNMPvl与SNMPv2、SNMPv3的比较研究[J].计算机工程与应用.2000.4.124-126.
[24][美]Mark A.Milter,P.E.用SNMP管理互联网络(晏明峰,李静.晏竣峰译).北京:中国水利水电出版社.2001.
[25]岑贤海,安常青.网络管理协议及应用开发.清华大学出版社.1998.