现代农业集群式发展研究
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摘要
当前我国农业农村发展仍然处于艰难的爬坡阶段,政府坚持把解决好“三农”问题作为全党工作的重中之重。推进新农村建设,首要任务是建设现代农业。农业产业化经过近二十年的发展,并没有取得预期的效果,面临诸如利益联结机制不健全、龙头企业竞争力不强、科技投入不足等问题,解决这些问题,除了要有国家必需的政策保障机制外,很大程度上还要解决千百年来的小农经济发展模式,突破口是发展现代农业。产业集群是处于市场与企业之间的中间组织作为产业发展新的模式为解决以上问题提供了新的思路。国外不管是发达国家还是发展中国家,农业生产方式的变革表明,当制约农业生产发展的有形的生产要素短期内无法取得突破时,改变现有要素的组合形式,即对农业生产的组织制度变革,同样能推动农业经济的发展。现代农业集群是新阶段农业农村经济发展的重要组织结构创新,是一种新型的农业产业组织形式。建设现代农业,集群式发展是现实选择。
本文分为五部分进行研究,在前人研究成果的基础上,对现代农业集群式发展有关基本概念进行界定,阐述了农业产业集群分析的理论基础,把集群理论运用于农业领域从理论层面探究农业集群式发展的内在机理;指出了农业产业集群发展的实践基础;构建了现代农业集群评价指标体系,对湖南的长株潭地区现代农业产业集群进行实证分析;对湖南现有农业产业集群式发展的典型案例分析,同时采用战略管理理论的SWOT分析法剖析现代农业集群式发展,寻找影响湖南现代农业集群发展的主要因素,为下一步湖南现代农业集群式发展提供依据;最后提出湖南现代农业集群发展战略与对策建议。
通过本文的研究,试图达到如下目的:第一,拓宽产业集群的发展领域,有助于现代农业集群式发展理论研究的进一步深化和系统化,揭示现代农业集群式发展的一般规律。有利于对农业现代化规律认识的深化。第二,从实际应用价值来看,本课题通过实证分析,全面剖析中部地区湖南省现代农业集群发展面临的主要问题与困难,提出现代农业集群式发展的模式与具有针对性、操作性的解决方案。将为内陆省份集群式发展现代农业提供借鉴;为政府有关部门制定现代农业发展战略、规划、政策提供决策参考。
The agricultural development in China is at difficult rising stages. Our government adheres to solving issues of agriculture, farmer and rural area as the top priority of the Party, holding that building modern agriculture is the primary objective of pushing forward the construction of a new socialist countryside. However, after nearly twenty years' development, the agricultural industrialization has failed to reach the expected goal, obsessed with the imperfect benefit mechanism, weak competitiveness of leading enterprises, insufficient scientific and technological research funds. Besides establishing essential national policy guarantee mechanism, solving these problems depends on, in a degree, eliminating small-scale farmer economy by development modern agriculture as a breakthrough.
The industry cluster, the intermediate organization of industry development between market and enterprises, provides a new insight as a new model. Reforms in modes of agricultural production in foreign countries, developed countries or developing countries, show that changing the present combination of current components, i.e., reform in the agricultural organization system, can also facilitate the development of agricultural economy when the requisites of production cannot be altered within a short period of time. Modern agricultural cluster, as a new form of agricultural industry, is an important innovation in developing rural economy in the new stage. Cluster development is of practical significance in building modern agriculture.
The dissertation can be divided into five parts. On the bases of the previous research, it defines basic concepts in the industrial cluster development of modern agriculture, illustrates their theoretical foundations, explores the intrinsic mechanism of the agricultural cluster development by applying the industry cluster theory in agriculture, raises the bases of practice, constructs the evaluation system of modern agricultural industrial cluster development and conducts an empirical study of the modern agricultural industrial cluster development in Changsha, Zhouzhou, and Xiangtan in Hunan Province by employing the SWOT analytic method in the modern strategy management theory The dissertation seeks to find out major factors influencing the industrial cluster development of modern agriculture in Hunan and justifies its further development. It ends with bringing forward strategies and countermeasures of industrial cluster development of Hunan modern agriculture.
The dissertation aims at reaching the following objectives: firstly, broaden the development field of industry cluster contributing to the deepening and systemization of the research in the theory of industry cluster development of modern agriculture;; reveal the regular patterns of industrial cluster development of modern agriculture helpful for the further understanding of agricultural modernization. Second, judging from its practical values, the dissertation analyzes major problems and difficulties in developing modern agricultural industrial clusters in Hunan Province and proposes the model and solutions of modern agricultural industrial cluster development to provide reference for the cluster development of modern agriculture in the interior provinces of China and the relevant government department in formulating development strategies, plans, and policies of modern agricultural development.
本文分为五部分进行研究,在前人研究成果的基础上,对现代农业集群式发展有关基本概念进行界定,阐述了农业产业集群分析的理论基础,把集群理论运用于农业领域从理论层面探究农业集群式发展的内在机理;指出了农业产业集群发展的实践基础;构建了现代农业集群评价指标体系,对湖南的长株潭地区现代农业产业集群进行实证分析;对湖南现有农业产业集群式发展的典型案例分析,同时采用战略管理理论的SWOT分析法剖析现代农业集群式发展,寻找影响湖南现代农业集群发展的主要因素,为下一步湖南现代农业集群式发展提供依据;最后提出湖南现代农业集群发展战略与对策建议。
通过本文的研究,试图达到如下目的:第一,拓宽产业集群的发展领域,有助于现代农业集群式发展理论研究的进一步深化和系统化,揭示现代农业集群式发展的一般规律。有利于对农业现代化规律认识的深化。第二,从实际应用价值来看,本课题通过实证分析,全面剖析中部地区湖南省现代农业集群发展面临的主要问题与困难,提出现代农业集群式发展的模式与具有针对性、操作性的解决方案。将为内陆省份集群式发展现代农业提供借鉴;为政府有关部门制定现代农业发展战略、规划、政策提供决策参考。
The agricultural development in China is at difficult rising stages. Our government adheres to solving issues of agriculture, farmer and rural area as the top priority of the Party, holding that building modern agriculture is the primary objective of pushing forward the construction of a new socialist countryside. However, after nearly twenty years' development, the agricultural industrialization has failed to reach the expected goal, obsessed with the imperfect benefit mechanism, weak competitiveness of leading enterprises, insufficient scientific and technological research funds. Besides establishing essential national policy guarantee mechanism, solving these problems depends on, in a degree, eliminating small-scale farmer economy by development modern agriculture as a breakthrough.
The industry cluster, the intermediate organization of industry development between market and enterprises, provides a new insight as a new model. Reforms in modes of agricultural production in foreign countries, developed countries or developing countries, show that changing the present combination of current components, i.e., reform in the agricultural organization system, can also facilitate the development of agricultural economy when the requisites of production cannot be altered within a short period of time. Modern agricultural cluster, as a new form of agricultural industry, is an important innovation in developing rural economy in the new stage. Cluster development is of practical significance in building modern agriculture.
The dissertation can be divided into five parts. On the bases of the previous research, it defines basic concepts in the industrial cluster development of modern agriculture, illustrates their theoretical foundations, explores the intrinsic mechanism of the agricultural cluster development by applying the industry cluster theory in agriculture, raises the bases of practice, constructs the evaluation system of modern agricultural industrial cluster development and conducts an empirical study of the modern agricultural industrial cluster development in Changsha, Zhouzhou, and Xiangtan in Hunan Province by employing the SWOT analytic method in the modern strategy management theory The dissertation seeks to find out major factors influencing the industrial cluster development of modern agriculture in Hunan and justifies its further development. It ends with bringing forward strategies and countermeasures of industrial cluster development of Hunan modern agriculture.
The dissertation aims at reaching the following objectives: firstly, broaden the development field of industry cluster contributing to the deepening and systemization of the research in the theory of industry cluster development of modern agriculture;; reveal the regular patterns of industrial cluster development of modern agriculture helpful for the further understanding of agricultural modernization. Second, judging from its practical values, the dissertation analyzes major problems and difficulties in developing modern agricultural industrial clusters in Hunan Province and proposes the model and solutions of modern agricultural industrial cluster development to provide reference for the cluster development of modern agriculture in the interior provinces of China and the relevant government department in formulating development strategies, plans, and policies of modern agricultural development.
引文
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