我国物流企业竞争力分析与对策研究
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摘要
随着我国经济的飞速发展,对物流的需求也急剧增加,现代物流业已成为我国经济的重要产业,己经成为当今市场竞争中的一个热点。但我国引进物流的时间还不长,中国物流企业发展还处于初级阶段,还存在很多不完善的地方,因此对其物流企业竞争力的研究有十分重要的现实意义。首先,对国外物流企业竞争力的相关文献进行了研究,从而导出我国企业竞争力和具体到物流企业竞争力研究的现状作出综合性的分析;然后对我国物流企业的发展和所处的外部市场环境进行分析,在对我国物流发展阶段分析的基础上,从纵向分析我国物流企业的产生、成长过程以及发展现状,再从横向对比分析与国外物流企业的差异,而后指出现代物流企业的发展趋势,接着分析了我国物流企业所处的市场环境对其自身经营产生的影响,并对我国物流市场的需求环境作了进一步的深入分析,得出:我国物流企业在理念上、服务水平上、以及在物流专业技术与能力方面,与现代物流需求还有一定的差距,在一定的程度上也限制了物流企业竞争力的提高;同时,提出物流企业竞争力的指标分析体系及模型,从物流企业的内部财务、人力资源等方面入手,具体指出物流企业竞争力指标的核算办法以及评价的有效性问题。
在此基础上,再介绍如何识别物流企业竞争力,并为物流企业竞争力的研究建立分析模型以及对如何有效管理物流企业的竞争力进行了较深入的分析。最后,在对物流企业竞争力进行综合分析的基础上,提出当前我国物流企业增强核心竞争力的战略方向和具体策略;对相关的物流政策法规作出综合分析并提出增强我国物流企业竞争能力的政策建议。
This paper expatiates upon the present situation of the logistics enterprise in china and how to improve the competition of it via theoretical analysis. Along with the growing rapidly of china economy, logistics becomes more and more important and it have account for a key position in china's development as a hot spot in market. But since logistics enterprise is in the full flush of youth at the moment, there is some trouble with it. Accordingly, this papers research into these relative literatures on the competition of materials circulation enterprise in china above all analyzing the difference character between the competition of general enterprise and materials circulation enterprise. And then analyses the logistics enterprise's generation, the process of development, and present situation., and point out the trend of the logistics enterprise development .according this trend ,this paper analyses the influences to logistics enterprise from inner and outside aspect .In respect of outside, deeply analyses the environment china logistics enterprise face and the character it bear, In respect of inner, analyses the competing power of it in china at the first ,and then introduce how to identify the competing power of it, at the last, come up with the strategic direction and policy which could help improve the competing power of it on the base of comprehensive analyzing the competing power of it in china and relative rule .Thereby it is a innovate in this paper how to improve the competing power of logistics enterprise in china. And it is be of strongly means on the aspect of theory and practice.
在此基础上,再介绍如何识别物流企业竞争力,并为物流企业竞争力的研究建立分析模型以及对如何有效管理物流企业的竞争力进行了较深入的分析。最后,在对物流企业竞争力进行综合分析的基础上,提出当前我国物流企业增强核心竞争力的战略方向和具体策略;对相关的物流政策法规作出综合分析并提出增强我国物流企业竞争能力的政策建议。
This paper expatiates upon the present situation of the logistics enterprise in china and how to improve the competition of it via theoretical analysis. Along with the growing rapidly of china economy, logistics becomes more and more important and it have account for a key position in china's development as a hot spot in market. But since logistics enterprise is in the full flush of youth at the moment, there is some trouble with it. Accordingly, this papers research into these relative literatures on the competition of materials circulation enterprise in china above all analyzing the difference character between the competition of general enterprise and materials circulation enterprise. And then analyses the logistics enterprise's generation, the process of development, and present situation., and point out the trend of the logistics enterprise development .according this trend ,this paper analyses the influences to logistics enterprise from inner and outside aspect .In respect of outside, deeply analyses the environment china logistics enterprise face and the character it bear, In respect of inner, analyses the competing power of it in china at the first ,and then introduce how to identify the competing power of it, at the last, come up with the strategic direction and policy which could help improve the competing power of it on the base of comprehensive analyzing the competing power of it in china and relative rule .Thereby it is a innovate in this paper how to improve the competing power of logistics enterprise in china. And it is be of strongly means on the aspect of theory and practice.
引文
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[30](美)克尔·E.波特.竞争优势[M].北京:华夏出版社,1997.5
[31]转引自曹远征,孙安琴.国际竞争力概念翻新,世界龙虎重新排名,经济日报,1995-8-23.
[32](日)藤本隆宏著.生产系统的进化论[M].北京:经济日报出版社,1997.8
[33]王陈叶等.区域竞争力五星论与实证[M].北京:航空工业出版社,2000.1
[34]罗国勋编.二十一世纪:中国中小企业的发展[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,1999.12
[35]张志强,吴健中.企业竞争力及评价[J].管理现代化,1999(11)
[36](美)彼得·F·德鲁克.管理前沿[M].上海:上海译文出版社,1999.10
[37]梁能.跨国经营论[M].上海:上海人民出版社,1996.12
[38](美)小艾尔费雷德·D·钱德勒,企业规模经济与范围经济.工业资本主义的原动力[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,1999.2
[39][丹麦]尼克莱·福斯.企业万能面向企业能力理论[M].东北财经大学出版社, 1996.5
[40](日)组野登、野中郁次朗.智力经营[M].日本经济新闻社,1996.4
[41]迈克尔·波特,陈小悦译.竞争优势[M].北京:华夏出版社,1997
[42 金陪.中国企业竞争力报告[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2003.3
[43]艾尔弗雷德·D·钱德勒[M].昆明:云南人民出版社,2000.16
[44]周瑞凌,王金桃,叶瑾.工业工程与管理,2001(1)
[45]吴清一.中国物流现代将进入一个崭新的阶段.锦程物流网,2005(5)
[46]许胜余.物流网络化与网络化时代物流[J].信息与电脑,2000(12)
[47]王淑云,张宏.物流一体化世界观问题研究[J].商业研究,2004(24)
[48]杨臻.消费品流通企业的物流集约化经营[J].中国制造业信息化,2004(3)
[49]苏建东.回顾和展望中国物流业及物流信息化[J].信息与电脑,2005(1)
[50]胡熙,刘天云.现代物流企业的现状和成功经验[J].世界海运,2001(12)
[51]吴勤学,王晓芳.国有中小型物流企业改革探索[J].北京市财贸管理干部学院学报,2004(4)
[52]刘俐,张彤.浅析传统物流企业提高竞争力的途径[J].物流技术,2003(5)
[53]张余华.欧美日第三方物流的发展与我国的借鉴[J].国际经贸探索,2004(6)
[54]孙文霞,张丽君.关于我国第三方物流企业发展战略的思考[J].河北建筑科技学院学报(社科版),2004(4)
[55]刘源.对我国物流企业发展与创新的思考[J].经济经纬,2003(4)
[2]Werner felt,B.A Resource based View of the Firm[J]Strategic Management Journal 1984,(5):80-170.
[3]World Economic Forum(WEF).The Global Competitiveness Report[R]1997,1998.
[4]International Institute for Management Development(MD).The World Compe-titiveness Yearbook[R]1998.
[5]Feurer,Rainer and Chahar baghi,Kazem.Defining Competitiveness:A Historical Approach[J]Management Decision.1994,32(2):49-58.
[6]Terpstra,Pavid E.Harm.Key to Competitiveness[J]Management Decision.1994,32(9):10-14.
[7]Demirag,Istemi S.Management Control Systems and Performance Evaluation in Japanese Companies[J]Management Accounting London(MAC).1994,72(7):18-20.
[8]Hording,Forrest E.Logistic Service Provider Gualtg:Private Measurement,Evaluation and Improvement[J]Journal of Business Logistics.1998,19(1):11-30.
[9]Anonymes,Benefits Make the Incentive Fit the Plan[J]Personnel Journal.1995,(4):1-3.
[10]Samson,Danny and Wicker,John.Maximizing the Benefit per Dollar to Customers:A New Organization Focus[J]International Journal of Production Economics.1998,54(2):215-230.
[11]Photis M.Panayides.Competitive Strategies and Organizational Performance in Ship Management[J]Maritime Policy and Management,2003,Vol.30,No.2,123-140.
[12]Tsung-Yu,Gin2Shuh Liang.Application of a Fuzzy Multicriteria Decision-making Model for Shipping Company Performance Evaluation[J]1 Maritime Policy and Management,2001,Vol.28,No.4/October 1.
[13]李显君.国富之源——企业竞争力[M].北京:企业管理出版社,2002.31
[14]罗国勋.二十一世纪:中国中小企业的发展[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,1997.177
[15]张志强,吴建中.企业竞争力及其评价[J].管理现代化,1999(1)
[16]范晓屏.关于企业竞争力内涵与构成的探讨[J].浙江大学学报(社会科学版),2002(6)
[17]金碚.竞争力经济学[M].广州:广东经济出版社,2003.20
[18]徐希燕.企业竞争力的新诠释[J].经济管理,2003(5)
[19]席酉民.企业集团竞争力与业绩综合评价[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.63-68
[20]金碚.企业竞争力测评的理论与方法[J].中国工业经济,2003(3)
[21]胡大立.应用灰色系统理论评价企业竞争力[J].科技进步与对策,2003(1)
[22]曾华,赵进.企业竞争力指标体系的构建与评价方法[J].统计与决策,2003(1)
[23]许广义,赵继伟.基于资源和能力的企业竞争力评价研究[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报(社会科学版),2004(1)
[24]刘德学,任国岩.企业竞争力关键决定因素的直觉模糊识别模型[J].统计与决策,2004(3)
[25]熊巍,赵海娟,程红莉.累积Logistic回归在企业竞争力评价中的应用[J].统计与信息论坛,2004(1)
[26]胡华夏,喻辉.企业国际竞争力评价方法研究[J].统计与决策,2005(1)
[27]刘忠敏,回宝祥,杨杨.企业竞争力的AHP—Fuzzy评价及诊断[J].山东工商学院学报,2005(2)
[28]中国物流与采购联合会.中国物流发展报告(2003)[M].北京:中国物资出版社,2004.2
[29]包昌火等.竞争情报与企业竞争[M].北京:华夏出版社,2001.11
[30](美)克尔·E.波特.竞争优势[M].北京:华夏出版社,1997.5
[31]转引自曹远征,孙安琴.国际竞争力概念翻新,世界龙虎重新排名,经济日报,1995-8-23.
[32](日)藤本隆宏著.生产系统的进化论[M].北京:经济日报出版社,1997.8
[33]王陈叶等.区域竞争力五星论与实证[M].北京:航空工业出版社,2000.1
[34]罗国勋编.二十一世纪:中国中小企业的发展[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,1999.12
[35]张志强,吴健中.企业竞争力及评价[J].管理现代化,1999(11)
[36](美)彼得·F·德鲁克.管理前沿[M].上海:上海译文出版社,1999.10
[37]梁能.跨国经营论[M].上海:上海人民出版社,1996.12
[38](美)小艾尔费雷德·D·钱德勒,企业规模经济与范围经济.工业资本主义的原动力[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,1999.2
[39][丹麦]尼克莱·福斯.企业万能面向企业能力理论[M].东北财经大学出版社, 1996.5
[40](日)组野登、野中郁次朗.智力经营[M].日本经济新闻社,1996.4
[41]迈克尔·波特,陈小悦译.竞争优势[M].北京:华夏出版社,1997
[42 金陪.中国企业竞争力报告[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2003.3
[43]艾尔弗雷德·D·钱德勒[M].昆明:云南人民出版社,2000.16
[44]周瑞凌,王金桃,叶瑾.工业工程与管理,2001(1)
[45]吴清一.中国物流现代将进入一个崭新的阶段.锦程物流网,2005(5)
[46]许胜余.物流网络化与网络化时代物流[J].信息与电脑,2000(12)
[47]王淑云,张宏.物流一体化世界观问题研究[J].商业研究,2004(24)
[48]杨臻.消费品流通企业的物流集约化经营[J].中国制造业信息化,2004(3)
[49]苏建东.回顾和展望中国物流业及物流信息化[J].信息与电脑,2005(1)
[50]胡熙,刘天云.现代物流企业的现状和成功经验[J].世界海运,2001(12)
[51]吴勤学,王晓芳.国有中小型物流企业改革探索[J].北京市财贸管理干部学院学报,2004(4)
[52]刘俐,张彤.浅析传统物流企业提高竞争力的途径[J].物流技术,2003(5)
[53]张余华.欧美日第三方物流的发展与我国的借鉴[J].国际经贸探索,2004(6)
[54]孙文霞,张丽君.关于我国第三方物流企业发展战略的思考[J].河北建筑科技学院学报(社科版),2004(4)
[55]刘源.对我国物流企业发展与创新的思考[J].经济经纬,2003(4)