紫坪铺隧道瓦斯灾害研究
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摘要
瓦斯是隧道建设重大危害之一。瓦斯灾害的发生是多种因素共同作用的结果,同时各因素对影响瓦斯灾害发生的重要性各不相同。随着我国基础建设的发展,穿越煤系地层的隧道越来越多,隧道施工瓦斯灾害事故也在不断的增加。这就迫切需要一种有效的隧道瓦斯灾害危险性评价方法,以防范和减轻瓦斯灾害造成的损失。
本文以都汶高速紫坪铺隧道为例,在研究我国大量瓦斯隧道的基础上,及对紫坪铺隧道地质情况的调查、相关资料的分析,对隧道瓦斯灾害问题做了较全面的研究。本文的研究内容和结论包括一下几方面：
(1)本文系统的分析了瓦斯的生成、赋存条件、运移规律及瓦斯灾害发生的机理,研究了瓦斯灾害的发生的影响因素。
(2)详细阐述地质因素对瓦斯赋存的影响,通过分析紫坪铺隧道的地质资料,研究地质条件对瓦斯影响,得出紫坪铺隧道存在高瓦斯区的原因。
(3)以模糊数学理论为基础,在掌握丰富的资料的基础上,提取影响瓦斯危险性的评估因素,建立对隧道瓦斯危险性进行评估的模糊综合评判模型。通过对模糊综合评判的结果与实际监测结果进行比较分析,模糊综合评判法对瓦斯隧道的危险性评估是合理、有效的。为今后的瓦斯隧道危险性评估提供了理论依据。
(4)通过对紫坪铺隧道瓦斯灾害防治措施的研究,建立一套适用于瓦斯隧道的灾害防治体系。
Gas disaster is one of the major disasters during the tunnel construction., Gas disasters are the result of many factors, while the importance is different of the factors affecting the gas disaster. Along with infrastructure development, more and more tunnel of traversing the coal seam will be constructed, and the gas disasters and accidents are also constantly rising. There is an urgent need for an effective tunnel gas disaster risk assessment methods to prevent and reduce gas losses caused by disasters.
This thesis takes the Du-Wen express way Zipingpu tunnel as an example. Based on the investigation of the Zipingpu tunnel geology, analysised the related data and massive paper of gas tunnel, we do a comprehensive study on the gas disaster of the tunnel. Study contents and conclusions acquired in this paper are mainly included as follows:
(1) This thesis analysis the gas generation, occurrence conditions, migration law and the gas disaster, and study the factor of the gas disaster.
(2) This paper explicates the geological factors on the occurrence of gas. Through analysis the geological data of the Zipingpu tunnel and study the impact of geological conditions on the gas, conclude the reasons tunnel of the high gas on the Zipingpu tunnel.
(3) Based on the theory of the fuzzy mathematics, and a wealth of information of gas,we get the risk factors of the gas hazard, while we establish the model of the tunnel gas risk assessment. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation on the results of the monitoring results were Compared the results of the actual monitoring results, we can conclude the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method on the gas risk assessment of tunnel is reasonable and effective. Provide a theoretical basis for the gas risk assessment.
(4) Through the study of gas disaster prevention measures, we establish a prevention system for the gas disaster of the tunnel.
本文以都汶高速紫坪铺隧道为例,在研究我国大量瓦斯隧道的基础上,及对紫坪铺隧道地质情况的调查、相关资料的分析,对隧道瓦斯灾害问题做了较全面的研究。本文的研究内容和结论包括一下几方面：
(1)本文系统的分析了瓦斯的生成、赋存条件、运移规律及瓦斯灾害发生的机理,研究了瓦斯灾害的发生的影响因素。
(2)详细阐述地质因素对瓦斯赋存的影响,通过分析紫坪铺隧道的地质资料,研究地质条件对瓦斯影响,得出紫坪铺隧道存在高瓦斯区的原因。
(3)以模糊数学理论为基础,在掌握丰富的资料的基础上,提取影响瓦斯危险性的评估因素,建立对隧道瓦斯危险性进行评估的模糊综合评判模型。通过对模糊综合评判的结果与实际监测结果进行比较分析,模糊综合评判法对瓦斯隧道的危险性评估是合理、有效的。为今后的瓦斯隧道危险性评估提供了理论依据。
(4)通过对紫坪铺隧道瓦斯灾害防治措施的研究,建立一套适用于瓦斯隧道的灾害防治体系。
Gas disaster is one of the major disasters during the tunnel construction., Gas disasters are the result of many factors, while the importance is different of the factors affecting the gas disaster. Along with infrastructure development, more and more tunnel of traversing the coal seam will be constructed, and the gas disasters and accidents are also constantly rising. There is an urgent need for an effective tunnel gas disaster risk assessment methods to prevent and reduce gas losses caused by disasters.
This thesis takes the Du-Wen express way Zipingpu tunnel as an example. Based on the investigation of the Zipingpu tunnel geology, analysised the related data and massive paper of gas tunnel, we do a comprehensive study on the gas disaster of the tunnel. Study contents and conclusions acquired in this paper are mainly included as follows:
(1) This thesis analysis the gas generation, occurrence conditions, migration law and the gas disaster, and study the factor of the gas disaster.
(2) This paper explicates the geological factors on the occurrence of gas. Through analysis the geological data of the Zipingpu tunnel and study the impact of geological conditions on the gas, conclude the reasons tunnel of the high gas on the Zipingpu tunnel.
(3) Based on the theory of the fuzzy mathematics, and a wealth of information of gas,we get the risk factors of the gas hazard, while we establish the model of the tunnel gas risk assessment. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation on the results of the monitoring results were Compared the results of the actual monitoring results, we can conclude the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method on the gas risk assessment of tunnel is reasonable and effective. Provide a theoretical basis for the gas risk assessment.
(4) Through the study of gas disaster prevention measures, we establish a prevention system for the gas disaster of the tunnel.
引文
[1]雷升祥.瓦斯隧道施工技术研究[D].成都：西南交通大学硕士学位论文,1999
[2]李晓红,等.瓦斯隧道揭煤施工技术[M].重庆：重庆大学出版社,2005
[3]中国煤炭工业劳动保护科学技术学会,瓦斯灾害防治技术.煤炭工业出版社,2007
[4]康小兵,隧道工程瓦斯灾害危险性评价体系研究.成都：成都理工大学,2009
[5]李战胜,基于模糊模式识别的瓦斯预测报警系统.武汉：武汉科技大学,2004
[6]张宪栋,煤矿瓦斯检测作业跟踪与智能管理系统.山东：山东科技大学,2006
[7]王磊,瓦斯浓度对瓦斯爆炸传播的影响研究.重庆：煤科总院重庆研究院,2009
[8]景长宝,高瓦斯综采工作面及其采空区瓦斯运移规律研究：山东科技大学,2005
[9]杜敏铭,隧道瓦斯的动态监测与适时跟踪预报研究,成都：成都理工大学,2009
[10]张学红,紫坪铺龙池隧道施工技术研究,山西：山西建筑,2008
[11]Sterpi D,Gioda G.Visco-plastic behavior around advancing tunnels in squeezing rock[J].Rock Mech.Rock Engng,2007
[12]邱云安等,铁路隧道瓦斯事故预防措施研究,成都：科技创新,2008
[13]刘辉等,公路瓦斯隧道施工技术探讨,长沙：西部探矿工程,2006
[14]徐海等,KJ90监测监控系统任里彦煤矿的应用,山东：山东煤炭科技,2005
[15]魏小文等,采空区瓦斯运移规律的相似实验与数值研究,邯郸：中国矿业,2009
[16]李晓泉,采空区瓦斯运移规律研究,重庆：现代矿业,2009
[17]刘佩,地面钻孔抽采条件下采空区瓦斯运移及分布规律研究,重庆：重庆大学资源及环境科学学院,2009
[18]王天亮,高瓦斯隧道监控与预防,山西：山西建筑,2007
[19]刘军强,建设用地地质灾害危险评估,徐州：华东地质学院学报,2002
[20]张瑞林,现代信息技术在煤与瓦斯突出区域预测中的应用,重庆：重庆大学,2004
[21]中华人民共和国铁道部,铁路瓦斯隧道技术暂行规定[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1994.
[22]中华人民共和国行业标准,铁路瓦斯隧道技术规范(TB10120-2002)[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2003.
[34]T.L.Saaty. The analytic hierarchy process[M]. New York:McGraw-Hill Company,1980.
[24]朱亮来,瓦斯隧道揭煤危险性预测及安全施工方法研究[D].北京：北方交通大学,2002.
[25]田荣,瓦斯隧道施工的关键要素及其对策[J].铁道建筑技术,2002
[26]王宏图,地电场对煤中瓦斯渗流特性的影响,重庆：重庆大学学报,2000
[27]王宏图,地球物理场中的煤层瓦斯渗流方程,重庆：岩石力学与工程学报,2002
[28]谢衔光,都汶高速公路高瓦斯隧道施工火源控制技术,成都：公路隧道,2009
[29]陈霞等,钢模衬砌台车在紫坪铺隧洞混凝土施工中的应用,成都：四川水利,2009
[30]邱礼球,高速公路隧道通过煤矿采空区施工技术,杭州：隧道建设,2008
[31]Hecht-Nielsen R.Theory of the Back Propagation Neural Netwokr.Proc.of IJCNN,1989
[32]王登科,含瓦斯煤岩本构模型与失稳规律研究,重庆：重庆大学,2009
[33]PACKARD N H,CRUTCHFIED J P.FARMER J D,et al.Shaw geometry from a time series[J],PhysRev Lett,1980
[34]赵涛,基于多因素概率预测的瓦斯突出预警方法研究,成都：成都理工大学,2007
[35]M.Adam Finkel. Risk assessment research, only the beginning[J]. Risk analysis,1999
[36]Hall D L,Llinas J.An introduction to multisensor data fusion.Proceedings of the IEEE,1997
[37]王一莉.瓦斯涌出量预测方法及其应用研究[D].南京：南京工业大学,2005.
[38]四川省煤田地质工程勘察设计研究院.都(江堰)-汶(川)高速公路紫坪铺隧道勘察报告[R].2002
[39]李士勇.工程模糊数学及应用[M].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2004
[40]]焦岩等.某铁路长大隧道煤与瓦斯突出危险性评价及施工验证[J].西部探矿工程,2006
[41]焦作矿业学院瓦斯地质研究室.瓦斯地质概论[M].煤炭工业出版社,1990.
[42]李瑞生,顾谷声等.中国的含煤地层[M].地质出版社,1994.
[43]施式亮.煤炭安全非线性动力学分析[M].煤炭工业出版社,2001.
[44]中铁二局.瓦斯隧道施工技术研究.2000年10月
[45]GWells.Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment.IChemE,UK,1996
[46]徐耀松.虚拟仪器及数据融合在瓦斯监测系统中的应用研究[D].辽宁工程技术大学,2003
[47]Harten A.High resolution scheme for hyperbolic conservationlaws[J]. J Comput Phys,1983
[48]Kwon Der and Nasrabadi.Adaptive multi-sensor target detection using feature-based fusion.Optical Engineering[J].2002
[49]Ming Rao,Qun Wang,Ji Zhou.Integrated Distributed Intelligent Systems in Engineering Design[M],London:Gordon and Breach Science Publishers,1996
[50]钟铭.基于模糊数据融合的煤矿瓦斯预警研究.西安科技大学,2009
[51]D.L.Hail.Mathematical Techniques in Multisensor Data Fusion[M].London: Artech House, Boston,1992
[52]俞启香编著。矿井瓦斯防治〔M]。中国矿业大学出版社,1992;
[53]王大曾编著。瓦斯地质[M]。煤炭工业出版社,1992;
[54]熊廷伟。煤矿瓦斯爆炸预警技术研究[D]。重庆大学,2005;
[55]Qian,Xin-Ming,Simulation analysis of indoor gas explosion damage. Journal of Beijing institute of Technology(English Edition).September,2003
[2]李晓红,等.瓦斯隧道揭煤施工技术[M].重庆：重庆大学出版社,2005
[3]中国煤炭工业劳动保护科学技术学会,瓦斯灾害防治技术.煤炭工业出版社,2007
[4]康小兵,隧道工程瓦斯灾害危险性评价体系研究.成都：成都理工大学,2009
[5]李战胜,基于模糊模式识别的瓦斯预测报警系统.武汉：武汉科技大学,2004
[6]张宪栋,煤矿瓦斯检测作业跟踪与智能管理系统.山东：山东科技大学,2006
[7]王磊,瓦斯浓度对瓦斯爆炸传播的影响研究.重庆：煤科总院重庆研究院,2009
[8]景长宝,高瓦斯综采工作面及其采空区瓦斯运移规律研究：山东科技大学,2005
[9]杜敏铭,隧道瓦斯的动态监测与适时跟踪预报研究,成都：成都理工大学,2009
[10]张学红,紫坪铺龙池隧道施工技术研究,山西：山西建筑,2008
[11]Sterpi D,Gioda G.Visco-plastic behavior around advancing tunnels in squeezing rock[J].Rock Mech.Rock Engng,2007
[12]邱云安等,铁路隧道瓦斯事故预防措施研究,成都：科技创新,2008
[13]刘辉等,公路瓦斯隧道施工技术探讨,长沙：西部探矿工程,2006
[14]徐海等,KJ90监测监控系统任里彦煤矿的应用,山东：山东煤炭科技,2005
[15]魏小文等,采空区瓦斯运移规律的相似实验与数值研究,邯郸：中国矿业,2009
[16]李晓泉,采空区瓦斯运移规律研究,重庆：现代矿业,2009
[17]刘佩,地面钻孔抽采条件下采空区瓦斯运移及分布规律研究,重庆：重庆大学资源及环境科学学院,2009
[18]王天亮,高瓦斯隧道监控与预防,山西：山西建筑,2007
[19]刘军强,建设用地地质灾害危险评估,徐州：华东地质学院学报,2002
[20]张瑞林,现代信息技术在煤与瓦斯突出区域预测中的应用,重庆：重庆大学,2004
[21]中华人民共和国铁道部,铁路瓦斯隧道技术暂行规定[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1994.
[22]中华人民共和国行业标准,铁路瓦斯隧道技术规范(TB10120-2002)[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2003.
[34]T.L.Saaty. The analytic hierarchy process[M]. New York:McGraw-Hill Company,1980.
[24]朱亮来,瓦斯隧道揭煤危险性预测及安全施工方法研究[D].北京：北方交通大学,2002.
[25]田荣,瓦斯隧道施工的关键要素及其对策[J].铁道建筑技术,2002
[26]王宏图,地电场对煤中瓦斯渗流特性的影响,重庆：重庆大学学报,2000
[27]王宏图,地球物理场中的煤层瓦斯渗流方程,重庆：岩石力学与工程学报,2002
[28]谢衔光,都汶高速公路高瓦斯隧道施工火源控制技术,成都：公路隧道,2009
[29]陈霞等,钢模衬砌台车在紫坪铺隧洞混凝土施工中的应用,成都：四川水利,2009
[30]邱礼球,高速公路隧道通过煤矿采空区施工技术,杭州：隧道建设,2008
[31]Hecht-Nielsen R.Theory of the Back Propagation Neural Netwokr.Proc.of IJCNN,1989
[32]王登科,含瓦斯煤岩本构模型与失稳规律研究,重庆：重庆大学,2009
[33]PACKARD N H,CRUTCHFIED J P.FARMER J D,et al.Shaw geometry from a time series[J],PhysRev Lett,1980
[34]赵涛,基于多因素概率预测的瓦斯突出预警方法研究,成都：成都理工大学,2007
[35]M.Adam Finkel. Risk assessment research, only the beginning[J]. Risk analysis,1999
[36]Hall D L,Llinas J.An introduction to multisensor data fusion.Proceedings of the IEEE,1997
[37]王一莉.瓦斯涌出量预测方法及其应用研究[D].南京：南京工业大学,2005.
[38]四川省煤田地质工程勘察设计研究院.都(江堰)-汶(川)高速公路紫坪铺隧道勘察报告[R].2002
[39]李士勇.工程模糊数学及应用[M].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2004
[40]]焦岩等.某铁路长大隧道煤与瓦斯突出危险性评价及施工验证[J].西部探矿工程,2006
[41]焦作矿业学院瓦斯地质研究室.瓦斯地质概论[M].煤炭工业出版社,1990.
[42]李瑞生,顾谷声等.中国的含煤地层[M].地质出版社,1994.
[43]施式亮.煤炭安全非线性动力学分析[M].煤炭工业出版社,2001.
[44]中铁二局.瓦斯隧道施工技术研究.2000年10月
[45]GWells.Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment.IChemE,UK,1996
[46]徐耀松.虚拟仪器及数据融合在瓦斯监测系统中的应用研究[D].辽宁工程技术大学,2003
[47]Harten A.High resolution scheme for hyperbolic conservationlaws[J]. J Comput Phys,1983
[48]Kwon Der and Nasrabadi.Adaptive multi-sensor target detection using feature-based fusion.Optical Engineering[J].2002
[49]Ming Rao,Qun Wang,Ji Zhou.Integrated Distributed Intelligent Systems in Engineering Design[M],London:Gordon and Breach Science Publishers,1996
[50]钟铭.基于模糊数据融合的煤矿瓦斯预警研究.西安科技大学,2009
[51]D.L.Hail.Mathematical Techniques in Multisensor Data Fusion[M].London: Artech House, Boston,1992
[52]俞启香编著。矿井瓦斯防治〔M]。中国矿业大学出版社,1992;
[53]王大曾编著。瓦斯地质[M]。煤炭工业出版社,1992;
[54]熊廷伟。煤矿瓦斯爆炸预警技术研究[D]。重庆大学,2005;
[55]Qian,Xin-Ming,Simulation analysis of indoor gas explosion damage. Journal of Beijing institute of Technology(English Edition).September,2003