混凝土搅拌运输车搅拌筒的研究与设计
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摘要
混凝土搅拌运输车结构上主要由独立的汽车底盘和混凝土搅拌装置两部分组成。一般汽车底盘主要起到运输和对搅拌筒提供动力的作用,而搅拌装置则是装载混凝土及对其起搅拌和卸料的作用。本文着重对混凝土搅拌运输车的搅拌筒筒体及其内部搅拌叶片进行研究与设计。
混凝土搅拌运输车搅拌筒筒体的结构一般是由三部分组成,即由前、后锥段筒体和中段圆柱筒体焊接而成。本文在设计搅拌筒筒体时,主要通过计算机辅助设计得到搅拌筒体相关的几何尺寸,然后通过ANSYS软件重点对其进行静态受力分析,得到相关的应力、位移分布云图和变形图,这对设计搅拌筒筒体时进行选材和几何结构尺寸优化起到重要的验证依据。混凝土的搅拌和卸料主要取决于搅拌筒中的两条螺旋叶片,因此螺旋叶片的设计对搅拌运输车就显得格外重要。本文通过对叶片的理论设计计算进行编程,得到叶片的等分点值,然后利用Pro／E软件对其进行造型设计。在设计时,经过多次与导师探讨和反复试验,最终研究出了一个创新性的方法,即将螺旋叶片在搅拌筒的不同部位进行分段,结合程序运算的每段数据,对螺旋叶片分别进行造型设计和拟合,最终得到了两条准确的螺旋叶片。另外,在对螺旋叶片的拟合问题上,本文的设计解决了实际制造中,螺旋叶片衔接不上,用钢筋逼焊在一起,产生应力不均等相关的问题。
最后,将建模技术应用于混凝土运输车搅拌筒的研究,对其设计、制造有重要的指导意义。这种研究思想和方法,在众多企业激烈的竞争中,确保了混凝土的质量和满足不同工作环境的需求,使得混凝土运输车的研制向着高效率、高技术、高质量及智能化控制的方向发展,对于研究和开发其它高性能机械产品具有一定的指导意义和实用参考价值。
The main structure of concrete mixer truck is structured by an independent automobile chassis and concrete mixing plant. Generally, automobile chassis plays an important role in transporting vehicle and powering mixing drum. The concrete mixing plant is a container for concrete, it also mainly palys an role in concete stir and unload. This paper focuses on researching and designing the concrete mixing drum and the internal mixing blades.
The structure of concrete mixing drum is generally consists of three parts, namely it is welded by the before cone drum, after cone drum and middle cylindrical drum, the design of mixing drum in this paper, the geometric structure size of mixing drum is obtained by computer aided design, and then focus on Ansys Software for its static stress analysis, and obtained the related stress distribution or displacement cloud map and deformation map, which is plays an important test verification for when mixing drum designing about material selection and optimization of geometric structure size. Concrete mixing and unloading mainly depends on the two spiral mixing leafs, so the design of the helical mixing blades about mixer truck is particularly important. Based on the theoretical design data of the helical mixing blades, start to program and get blades bisect point value, and then use Pro/E software to its modelling design. During in the design time, after many repeated tests with teachers to explore and eventually developed an innovative approach which is dvivded the spiral blades in the different parts of mixing drum combine with program results of each piece to separate modelling design and fitting, finally got two accurate spiral blsdes. In addition, about the helical mixing blades fitting problems, this paper sloves the blades forcing welded together, with no cohesion and stress inequality related problems in factory manufacture.
Finally, the modeling technology applied to the study of concrete mixing drum, has an important significance on its design and manufacture. Among the fiercely competitive business, this research ideas and methods ensure the quality of concrete and satisfy the needs of different working environment, making concrete truck toward the development of high-efficiency, high-tech, high-quality and intelligent-control of concrete truck toward the high efficiency, high technology, high quality and intelligent control of the direction of development, for research and development of other high-performance mechanical products have the certain directive significance and the practical reference value.
混凝土搅拌运输车搅拌筒筒体的结构一般是由三部分组成,即由前、后锥段筒体和中段圆柱筒体焊接而成。本文在设计搅拌筒筒体时,主要通过计算机辅助设计得到搅拌筒体相关的几何尺寸,然后通过ANSYS软件重点对其进行静态受力分析,得到相关的应力、位移分布云图和变形图,这对设计搅拌筒筒体时进行选材和几何结构尺寸优化起到重要的验证依据。混凝土的搅拌和卸料主要取决于搅拌筒中的两条螺旋叶片,因此螺旋叶片的设计对搅拌运输车就显得格外重要。本文通过对叶片的理论设计计算进行编程,得到叶片的等分点值,然后利用Pro／E软件对其进行造型设计。在设计时,经过多次与导师探讨和反复试验,最终研究出了一个创新性的方法,即将螺旋叶片在搅拌筒的不同部位进行分段,结合程序运算的每段数据,对螺旋叶片分别进行造型设计和拟合,最终得到了两条准确的螺旋叶片。另外,在对螺旋叶片的拟合问题上,本文的设计解决了实际制造中,螺旋叶片衔接不上,用钢筋逼焊在一起,产生应力不均等相关的问题。
最后,将建模技术应用于混凝土运输车搅拌筒的研究,对其设计、制造有重要的指导意义。这种研究思想和方法,在众多企业激烈的竞争中,确保了混凝土的质量和满足不同工作环境的需求,使得混凝土运输车的研制向着高效率、高技术、高质量及智能化控制的方向发展,对于研究和开发其它高性能机械产品具有一定的指导意义和实用参考价值。
The main structure of concrete mixer truck is structured by an independent automobile chassis and concrete mixing plant. Generally, automobile chassis plays an important role in transporting vehicle and powering mixing drum. The concrete mixing plant is a container for concrete, it also mainly palys an role in concete stir and unload. This paper focuses on researching and designing the concrete mixing drum and the internal mixing blades.
The structure of concrete mixing drum is generally consists of three parts, namely it is welded by the before cone drum, after cone drum and middle cylindrical drum, the design of mixing drum in this paper, the geometric structure size of mixing drum is obtained by computer aided design, and then focus on Ansys Software for its static stress analysis, and obtained the related stress distribution or displacement cloud map and deformation map, which is plays an important test verification for when mixing drum designing about material selection and optimization of geometric structure size. Concrete mixing and unloading mainly depends on the two spiral mixing leafs, so the design of the helical mixing blades about mixer truck is particularly important. Based on the theoretical design data of the helical mixing blades, start to program and get blades bisect point value, and then use Pro/E software to its modelling design. During in the design time, after many repeated tests with teachers to explore and eventually developed an innovative approach which is dvivded the spiral blades in the different parts of mixing drum combine with program results of each piece to separate modelling design and fitting, finally got two accurate spiral blsdes. In addition, about the helical mixing blades fitting problems, this paper sloves the blades forcing welded together, with no cohesion and stress inequality related problems in factory manufacture.
Finally, the modeling technology applied to the study of concrete mixing drum, has an important significance on its design and manufacture. Among the fiercely competitive business, this research ideas and methods ensure the quality of concrete and satisfy the needs of different working environment, making concrete truck toward the development of high-efficiency, high-tech, high-quality and intelligent-control of concrete truck toward the high efficiency, high technology, high quality and intelligent control of the direction of development, for research and development of other high-performance mechanical products have the certain directive significance and the practical reference value.
引文
[1]陈宜通编著.混凝土机械[M].北京：中国建材工业出版社,2004
[2]邓爱民.商品混凝土机械[M].北京：人民交通出版社,1999
[3]谭浩强主编.C程序设计第二版[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2005
[4]王咏梅李大庆等编著.PRO/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0基础教程[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2006
[5]张朝晖主编.ANSYS 11.0结构分析工程应用实例解析[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2008
[6]张洪信、赵清海编著.ANSYS有限元分析完全自学手册[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2008
[7]赵海峰、蒋迪编著.ANSYS8.0工程结构实例分析[M].中国铁道出版社,2004.11
[8]博弈创作室编著.APDL参数化有限元分析技术及其应用实例[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2005
[9]林清安编著.PRO/ENGINEER野火3.0动态机构设计与仿真[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2007
[10]王咏梅,李大庆,孙江宏等编著.Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0中文野火版基础教程[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2006
[11]刘欲晓,许小容,沈桂兰等编著.AutoCAD 2007中文版实训教程[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2007
[12]中华人民共和国混凝土搅拌运输车国家标准(报批稿)
[13]谢开泉.我国混凝土搅拌运输车市场情况分析及预测[J].专用汽车,2007,(4)
[14]左五洲,李军,胡钢.我国混凝土搅拌运输车行业前景广阔[J].专用汽车,2007,(9)
[15]孙庆璐田利芳混凝土机械市场调查[J].建筑机械,2007.12(上半月刊)
[16]Chiara F.Ferraris,Concrete Mixing Methods and Concrete Mixers:State of the Ar, J.Res.Natl.Inst.st and.Technol,Volume 106,Number 2,March-April 2001:391-399
[17]C.F.Ferraris and C.Lobo,Processing of HPC,Concr.Int.20 (4),1998:61-64
[18]H.Beitzel, ConCrete production plants and mixers some aspects of their design and operation,Part2,Beton+fertigteil-Technik 5,1984:305-310
[19]严仁军,邝昊.搅拌筒结构有限元分析和比较[J].
[20]Structural Dynamics Research corporation.Finite Element Modeling User's Guide.2001
[21]曾宪忠,陈宜通.混凝土搅拌输送车搅拌筒螺旋叶片的计算机辅助设计[J].工程机械,1991.6
[22]杨纪明.混凝土搅拌输送车拌筒螺旋叶片的设计(上)[J].建筑机械化,1984.2
[23]杨纪明.混凝土搅拌输送车拌筒螺旋叶片的设计(下)[J].建筑机械化,1984.3
[24]曾宪忠,陈宜通,毛炜.混凝土搅拌输送车螺旋叶片的展开计算[J].工程机械,1991.10
[25]张志勇,周万珍.PRO/E在搅拌罐拌片螺旋线设计中的应用[J].专用汽车,2005
[26]裴志军.混凝土搅拌车搅拌筒叶片螺旋线的探讨[J].建筑机械,2007.5
[27]张宇龙,马力,田哲文,周旋.混凝土搅拌车拌筒及螺旋线参数化三维绘制程序设计[J].专用汽车,2006.4
[28]刘四涛,袁斌,赵富锋.应用PRO-E绘制搅拌筒螺旋线的新方法[J].专用汽车,2005,(2)
[29]周旋,马力,张宇龙.基于UG的混凝土搅拌输送车搅拌筒螺旋线参数化设计[J].专用汽车,2006,(1)
[30]刑普,仪垂杰,郭健翔,夏琨.非等角对数螺旋线搅拌叶片的设计研究[J].工程机械,2006.(4)
[31]曾代忠 郑华.混凝土搅拌输送车搅拌筒螺旋叶片的成形[J].工程机械,2006
[32]邢普,孙红霞,郭健翔,仪垂杰.混凝土搅拌车叶片仿真设计及模态分析[J].机械设计与制造,2007.8
[33]李小华,马力.基于UG的混凝土搅拌运输车搅拌叶片三维造型[J].专用汽车,2006,(5)
[34]翟雪琴,葛建兵,陈立峰.混凝土搅拌车搅拌叶片优化设计[J].机械工程与自动化,2007.10
[35]曾代忠,周日平.混凝土搅拌运输车搅拌筒的PRO／ENGINEER设计[J],建设机械技术与管理,2004,12
[36]张展翅.混凝土搅拌输送车搅拌叶片压模的设计与制造[J].建筑机械,1989.4
[37]钟才华.混凝土搅拌输送车搅拌筒旋转叶片压模设计[J].工程机械,1989.(9)
[38]杨纪明.混凝土搅拌输送车螺旋叶片压模的设计[J].工程机械,1987.(12)
[39]苏双印.螺旋叶片冲压成形新工艺及模具设计[J].工程机械,2004.(1)
[40]孔祥玉,曹杰.三维法设计混凝土搅拌车螺旋叶片压模[J].建筑机械技术与管理,2006.2
[41]E.P.Koehler and D.W.Fowler,summary of concrete Workability.Test Methods, ICAR Report 105.1,International Ceter for Aggreates Research,Austin,TX,August 2003
[42]L.E.Brower and C.F.Ferraris,Comparison of Concrete Rheometers,Concrete International 25(8),2003:41-47
[2]邓爱民.商品混凝土机械[M].北京：人民交通出版社,1999
[3]谭浩强主编.C程序设计第二版[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2005
[4]王咏梅李大庆等编著.PRO/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0基础教程[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2006
[5]张朝晖主编.ANSYS 11.0结构分析工程应用实例解析[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2008
[6]张洪信、赵清海编著.ANSYS有限元分析完全自学手册[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2008
[7]赵海峰、蒋迪编著.ANSYS8.0工程结构实例分析[M].中国铁道出版社,2004.11
[8]博弈创作室编著.APDL参数化有限元分析技术及其应用实例[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2005
[9]林清安编著.PRO/ENGINEER野火3.0动态机构设计与仿真[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2007
[10]王咏梅,李大庆,孙江宏等编著.Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0中文野火版基础教程[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2006
[11]刘欲晓,许小容,沈桂兰等编著.AutoCAD 2007中文版实训教程[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2007
[12]中华人民共和国混凝土搅拌运输车国家标准(报批稿)
[13]谢开泉.我国混凝土搅拌运输车市场情况分析及预测[J].专用汽车,2007,(4)
[14]左五洲,李军,胡钢.我国混凝土搅拌运输车行业前景广阔[J].专用汽车,2007,(9)
[15]孙庆璐田利芳混凝土机械市场调查[J].建筑机械,2007.12(上半月刊)
[16]Chiara F.Ferraris,Concrete Mixing Methods and Concrete Mixers:State of the Ar, J.Res.Natl.Inst.st and.Technol,Volume 106,Number 2,March-April 2001:391-399
[17]C.F.Ferraris and C.Lobo,Processing of HPC,Concr.Int.20 (4),1998:61-64
[18]H.Beitzel, ConCrete production plants and mixers some aspects of their design and operation,Part2,Beton+fertigteil-Technik 5,1984:305-310
[19]严仁军,邝昊.搅拌筒结构有限元分析和比较[J].
[20]Structural Dynamics Research corporation.Finite Element Modeling User's Guide.2001
[21]曾宪忠,陈宜通.混凝土搅拌输送车搅拌筒螺旋叶片的计算机辅助设计[J].工程机械,1991.6
[22]杨纪明.混凝土搅拌输送车拌筒螺旋叶片的设计(上)[J].建筑机械化,1984.2
[23]杨纪明.混凝土搅拌输送车拌筒螺旋叶片的设计(下)[J].建筑机械化,1984.3
[24]曾宪忠,陈宜通,毛炜.混凝土搅拌输送车螺旋叶片的展开计算[J].工程机械,1991.10
[25]张志勇,周万珍.PRO/E在搅拌罐拌片螺旋线设计中的应用[J].专用汽车,2005
[26]裴志军.混凝土搅拌车搅拌筒叶片螺旋线的探讨[J].建筑机械,2007.5
[27]张宇龙,马力,田哲文,周旋.混凝土搅拌车拌筒及螺旋线参数化三维绘制程序设计[J].专用汽车,2006.4
[28]刘四涛,袁斌,赵富锋.应用PRO-E绘制搅拌筒螺旋线的新方法[J].专用汽车,2005,(2)
[29]周旋,马力,张宇龙.基于UG的混凝土搅拌输送车搅拌筒螺旋线参数化设计[J].专用汽车,2006,(1)
[30]刑普,仪垂杰,郭健翔,夏琨.非等角对数螺旋线搅拌叶片的设计研究[J].工程机械,2006.(4)
[31]曾代忠 郑华.混凝土搅拌输送车搅拌筒螺旋叶片的成形[J].工程机械,2006
[32]邢普,孙红霞,郭健翔,仪垂杰.混凝土搅拌车叶片仿真设计及模态分析[J].机械设计与制造,2007.8
[33]李小华,马力.基于UG的混凝土搅拌运输车搅拌叶片三维造型[J].专用汽车,2006,(5)
[34]翟雪琴,葛建兵,陈立峰.混凝土搅拌车搅拌叶片优化设计[J].机械工程与自动化,2007.10
[35]曾代忠,周日平.混凝土搅拌运输车搅拌筒的PRO／ENGINEER设计[J],建设机械技术与管理,2004,12
[36]张展翅.混凝土搅拌输送车搅拌叶片压模的设计与制造[J].建筑机械,1989.4
[37]钟才华.混凝土搅拌输送车搅拌筒旋转叶片压模设计[J].工程机械,1989.(9)
[38]杨纪明.混凝土搅拌输送车螺旋叶片压模的设计[J].工程机械,1987.(12)
[39]苏双印.螺旋叶片冲压成形新工艺及模具设计[J].工程机械,2004.(1)
[40]孔祥玉,曹杰.三维法设计混凝土搅拌车螺旋叶片压模[J].建筑机械技术与管理,2006.2
[41]E.P.Koehler and D.W.Fowler,summary of concrete Workability.Test Methods, ICAR Report 105.1,International Ceter for Aggreates Research,Austin,TX,August 2003
[42]L.E.Brower and C.F.Ferraris,Comparison of Concrete Rheometers,Concrete International 25(8),2003:41-47