机顶盒EPG软件设计实现与通用软件升级规范研究
摘要
当前全世界的数字电视产业正处于一个飞速发展的黄金时期,我国也正在积极地筹备从模拟电视到数字电视的转换,由于我国现有4亿多的模拟电视,所以采用模拟电视加上数字电视机顶盒收看数字电视节目的过渡方式比较适合我国现有国情。
EPG被看作是数字电视的一个重要标志,它为用户提供一种容易使用、界面友好、快速浏览节目的方式,为用户提供整个平台的节目信息。另一方面,数字电视的飞速发展使得各种新业务层出不穷、各种新功能不断完善,需要对机顶盒软件进行频繁升级,而现有的软件升级方案存在诸多弊端。面向上述应用和问题,论文主要研究两项内容:机顶盒电子节目指南EPG(Electronic Program Guide)软件的设计与实现;机顶盒通用软件升级Common-Loader规范的研究。
基于DVB-SI标准设计和开发了具有可移植性的EPG应用软件。首先介绍了数字电视广播系统和开发EPG软件所需的PSI/SI信息;然后采用模块化的思想进行EPG软件设计,将整个EPG软件分为三大块:数据搜索模块、OSD(OnScreen Display)模块、应用处理模块。结合实际的应用需求,提出了基于颜色模型的设备无关OSD模块,并进一步提出基于矩形和区域的优化算法防止页面跳转产生的闪烁,采用栈式内存管理方法来提高内存分配效率。最后按照前述设计方案,在基于STi5518芯片的机顶盒平台上用C语言实现了EPG软件。
论文提出了一种通用的机顶盒软件升级方案即Common-Loader规范,能够兼容不同的硬件平台和厂商,对机顶盒应用软件进行升级更新。首先介绍了基于Common-Loader规范的软件升级系统和下载软件的基本结构,即下载头、下载区块头和负载数据区,其次介绍了Common-Loader规范涵盖的两种软件升级方式:通过PC机串口下载软件进行升级;通过数字电视网络在线下载软件进行升级。最后,面向不同的升级方式,定义了不同的数据封装格式。
DTV (digital TV) is in a period of rapid development in the world. There areabout 4 billion of analog TV sets in China, therefore it is a good choice to useexisting analog TV sets equipped with STB (Set Top Box) during the transition.
One of characteristics of DTV is EPG (Electronic Program Guide), whichprovides easily and friendly user interface and fast browsing program function. Withthe development of DTV, new services and functions might be added, and it isnecessary to upgrade the corresponding software frequently, while there are manyproblems in existing upgrade solutions. This thesis involves two parts design andimplementation of EPG software on STB; study of a general criterion for softwareupgrade.
Transplantable EPG software based on DVB-SI is designed and developed.Firstly DVB (digital video broadcasting) system and DVB-PSI/SI are introduced.Secondly, EPG software is designed based on modular ideology. It involves datasearching module, processing of application module and OSD (On Screen Display)module. According to specified application, TColorModel is utilized to design adevice independent OSD module, and rectangle and region algorithm combined withimage representation is utilized to avoid flicker of displaying pages, further more,stack allocator is chosen to improve the efficiency of memory allocation. Finally,EPG software is implemented on STi5518 silicon platform by the above design.
Common-Loader, A general solution of software upgrade, is proposed in thisthesis. It is applicable to software upgrade of various hardware platforms and STB.Firstly Common-Loader is introduced. The corresponding upgrade software involvesthree parts: download header, download partition header and payload data. Secondlytwo transporting modes, by serial port of computer and by transport stream on air,are specified by Common-loader. Finally, encapsulations of updating data aredefined for different transmission modes.
EPG被看作是数字电视的一个重要标志,它为用户提供一种容易使用、界面友好、快速浏览节目的方式,为用户提供整个平台的节目信息。另一方面,数字电视的飞速发展使得各种新业务层出不穷、各种新功能不断完善,需要对机顶盒软件进行频繁升级,而现有的软件升级方案存在诸多弊端。面向上述应用和问题,论文主要研究两项内容:机顶盒电子节目指南EPG(Electronic Program Guide)软件的设计与实现;机顶盒通用软件升级Common-Loader规范的研究。
基于DVB-SI标准设计和开发了具有可移植性的EPG应用软件。首先介绍了数字电视广播系统和开发EPG软件所需的PSI/SI信息;然后采用模块化的思想进行EPG软件设计,将整个EPG软件分为三大块:数据搜索模块、OSD(OnScreen Display)模块、应用处理模块。结合实际的应用需求,提出了基于颜色模型的设备无关OSD模块,并进一步提出基于矩形和区域的优化算法防止页面跳转产生的闪烁,采用栈式内存管理方法来提高内存分配效率。最后按照前述设计方案,在基于STi5518芯片的机顶盒平台上用C语言实现了EPG软件。
论文提出了一种通用的机顶盒软件升级方案即Common-Loader规范,能够兼容不同的硬件平台和厂商,对机顶盒应用软件进行升级更新。首先介绍了基于Common-Loader规范的软件升级系统和下载软件的基本结构,即下载头、下载区块头和负载数据区,其次介绍了Common-Loader规范涵盖的两种软件升级方式:通过PC机串口下载软件进行升级;通过数字电视网络在线下载软件进行升级。最后,面向不同的升级方式,定义了不同的数据封装格式。
DTV (digital TV) is in a period of rapid development in the world. There areabout 4 billion of analog TV sets in China, therefore it is a good choice to useexisting analog TV sets equipped with STB (Set Top Box) during the transition.
One of characteristics of DTV is EPG (Electronic Program Guide), whichprovides easily and friendly user interface and fast browsing program function. Withthe development of DTV, new services and functions might be added, and it isnecessary to upgrade the corresponding software frequently, while there are manyproblems in existing upgrade solutions. This thesis involves two parts design andimplementation of EPG software on STB; study of a general criterion for softwareupgrade.
Transplantable EPG software based on DVB-SI is designed and developed.Firstly DVB (digital video broadcasting) system and DVB-PSI/SI are introduced.Secondly, EPG software is designed based on modular ideology. It involves datasearching module, processing of application module and OSD (On Screen Display)module. According to specified application, TColorModel is utilized to design adevice independent OSD module, and rectangle and region algorithm combined withimage representation is utilized to avoid flicker of displaying pages, further more,stack allocator is chosen to improve the efficiency of memory allocation. Finally,EPG software is implemented on STi5518 silicon platform by the above design.
Common-Loader, A general solution of software upgrade, is proposed in thisthesis. It is applicable to software upgrade of various hardware platforms and STB.Firstly Common-Loader is introduced. The corresponding upgrade software involvesthree parts: download header, download partition header and payload data. Secondlytwo transporting modes, by serial port of computer and by transport stream on air,are specified by Common-loader. Finally, encapsulations of updating data aredefined for different transmission modes.
引文
1. Tan Qiang, Zhou Mengchu, Li Jingjian, Yao Dingkang. A brief overview of current TV set-top box developments. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, andCybernetics.1996,3:2127 ~ 2132
2. 李震梅,董传岱,数字机顶盒的功能与市场分析,中国有线电视,2002,09,29~31
3. 王克冰,数字电视技术的内涵及发展趋势,山西电子技术,2004,03,35~36
4. 白敏丹,多功能机顶盒的技术分析,北京广播学院学报,2004,11(02):72~76
5. 杨勇,有线数字电视机顶盒技术及应用,中国有线电视,2006,05:413~415
6. J.Sesena, Commonalities and peculiarities of DVB-S, DVB-C and DVB-SMATV systems(COMM's and PEC's of DVB systems), IEEE Transaction on Broadcasting ConventionElectronics, 1995, 413: 165 ~74
7. R.Jaeger,Set-top box software architectures for digital video broadcast and interactiveservices,Performance, Computing, and Communications. IEEE International Conferenceon.4-6 April 2001, 287 ~ 292
8. 曹青,数字电视电子节目指南,广播与电视技术.2003(12):44~46
9. 曹青,国家数字电视研究开发及产业化项目China EPG,广播电视信息网http://www.cncatv.com/info.asp?id=20031215a00060006
10. 刘宝锋,张文军,机顶盒应用软件模块的设计与实现,计算机工程,2004,30(8),85~87
11. 刘青峰,机顶盒软件升级机制与注意问题,中国有线电视,2005,12:1134~1135
12. 刘波,浅谈开放式有线数字电视系统,中国有线电视,2003,18:25-28
13. 李寿强,机顶盒软件远程升级的实现方法,成都电子机械高等专科学校学报,2004(03):18~22
14. 邓永红,数字电视在有线电视网络中的传输,现代电视技术,2002, 12:14~18
15. ISO/IEC 13818-1 Information technology: General coding of moving pictures andassociated audio information (system).
16. ISO 13818-2 Generic Coding Of Moving Pictures Anad Associated Audio Information:Video
17. ISO 13818-3 Generic Coding Of Moving Pictures Anad Associated Audio Information:AUDIO
18. ETSI EN 300 468 V1.4.1 Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB);Specification for ServiceInformation (SI) in DVB systems
19. 林建俊,数字电视机顶盒及其在国内的发展,中国有线电视,2003, (16):9-12
20. Luo Chuanfei, Sun Jun, Xiong Hongkai, Broadcasting,Design and Implementation ofan End-to-End System for DTV Multicasting to Home Over Broadband IP AccessNetwork, IEEE Transactions , 2005 ,51(03):348 - 353
21. W.K.Gass, System integration issues for set-top box, Signal Processing Systems,SIPS 97 - Design and Implementation, Nov. 1997 Page(s):65 - 75
22. 王瑞胡,有线数字电视机顶盒硬件系统及软件体系结构,中国有线电视,2006(02):121~124
23. F.Lonczewski, R.Jaeger, An extensible set-top-box architecture for interactive andbroadcast services offering sophisticated user guidance Multimedia and Expo, IEEEInternational Conference ,Aug 2001, 3:1403 - 1406
24. F.Kamperman, B. van Rijnsoever,Conditional access system interoperability throughsoftware downloading, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, 2001,47(01):47- 54
25. 张健,数字电视DVB系统概述,有线电视技术,2005,08:47~49
26. 李雪松,数字电视标准概述,西部广播电视, 2005,04:3~6
27. 孙亚民,数字电视枝木研究与机顶盒的开发,南京理工大学硕士论文,2004:16~23
28. 方涛,数字电视业务信息及其编码,北京:国防工业出版社, 1997.
29. GB/Z 174-2001 数字电视广播业务信息规范 2001
30. 刘小林,谭建豪,贾永涛,胡宏军,MPEG-2 标准在有线数字电视机顶盒中的应用,湖南文 理学院学报, 2005,5(01):53~55
31. 钟玉琢等译,运动图像及其伴音通用编码国际标准,清华大学出版社,1997
32. 艾竞,徐重阳,刘小卫,罗白云,机顶盒中SI引擎的分析与设计,电视技术,2002,4:69~72
33. ETSI TR 101 211 V1.4.1 Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB);Guidelines onimplementation and usage of Service Information (SI)
34. 张赫光,数字电视中的业务信息和电子节目指南,有线电视技术,2005,11:48-51
35. 谢完成,曾文海,基于DVB-SI的一种EPG实现方法,太原师范学院学报,2006,5(1):31~36
36. 乌欣,uC/OS-II在EP7312上的移植,单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2003,6:24~30
37. 卢春鹏,一种嵌入式系统的内存分配方案,单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2002,7:178-182
38. Sung Nai-Yin,Wu Tsung-Yi,A method of embedded memory access timemeasurement, International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design, 2001:462 -46539. B.Kovacevic, Consumer MPEG-2 multimedia digital satellite receiver,IEEE 1997Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, May 1997 1:371 -
37440. T.Isobe, M.Fujiwara, H. Kaneta, T.Morita, N.Uratani,Development and tests of a TVnavigation system personalized with viewer's habits, International Conference onConsumer Electronics, Jan 2005:157 – 158
41. W.Dobbie, Interactive electronic programme guides ,Navigation in EntertainmentServices(Ref. No.1998/247), IEE Half-day Colloquium on,Jan 1998(01):1-5
42. 魏宁,毋立芳,曹青,可移植的EPG软件设计与实现研究,2005国际有线电视技术研讨会,2005:258~263
43. MiniGUI http://www.minigui.org
44. STi5518 data sheet。
45. 宋靖涛,王匡,张明,DVB系统软件升级规范,中国有线电视,2005 (07):627~63
46. ETSI EN 102 006 Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Specification for SystemSoftware Update in DVB Systems
47. ECCA EuroLoader Specification Final Draft Version 1.2b, Technical Specification ofa European Loader for MultiMedia Terminals for Cable and Cable Modems, 12, 2001
48. 通用Loader规范草案,ChinaEPG
49. ITU-T Recommendation V.41, Code-independent error-control system, 11,1989
50. ISO7816 (part 1-3) asynchronous smartcard information
2. 李震梅,董传岱,数字机顶盒的功能与市场分析,中国有线电视,2002,09,29~31
3. 王克冰,数字电视技术的内涵及发展趋势,山西电子技术,2004,03,35~36
4. 白敏丹,多功能机顶盒的技术分析,北京广播学院学报,2004,11(02):72~76
5. 杨勇,有线数字电视机顶盒技术及应用,中国有线电视,2006,05:413~415
6. J.Sesena, Commonalities and peculiarities of DVB-S, DVB-C and DVB-SMATV systems(COMM's and PEC's of DVB systems), IEEE Transaction on Broadcasting ConventionElectronics, 1995, 413: 165 ~74
7. R.Jaeger,Set-top box software architectures for digital video broadcast and interactiveservices,Performance, Computing, and Communications. IEEE International Conferenceon.4-6 April 2001, 287 ~ 292
8. 曹青,数字电视电子节目指南,广播与电视技术.2003(12):44~46
9. 曹青,国家数字电视研究开发及产业化项目China EPG,广播电视信息网http://www.cncatv.com/info.asp?id=20031215a00060006
10. 刘宝锋,张文军,机顶盒应用软件模块的设计与实现,计算机工程,2004,30(8),85~87
11. 刘青峰,机顶盒软件升级机制与注意问题,中国有线电视,2005,12:1134~1135
12. 刘波,浅谈开放式有线数字电视系统,中国有线电视,2003,18:25-28
13. 李寿强,机顶盒软件远程升级的实现方法,成都电子机械高等专科学校学报,2004(03):18~22
14. 邓永红,数字电视在有线电视网络中的传输,现代电视技术,2002, 12:14~18
15. ISO/IEC 13818-1 Information technology: General coding of moving pictures andassociated audio information (system).
16. ISO 13818-2 Generic Coding Of Moving Pictures Anad Associated Audio Information:Video
17. ISO 13818-3 Generic Coding Of Moving Pictures Anad Associated Audio Information:AUDIO
18. ETSI EN 300 468 V1.4.1 Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB);Specification for ServiceInformation (SI) in DVB systems
19. 林建俊,数字电视机顶盒及其在国内的发展,中国有线电视,2003, (16):9-12
20. Luo Chuanfei, Sun Jun, Xiong Hongkai, Broadcasting,Design and Implementation ofan End-to-End System for DTV Multicasting to Home Over Broadband IP AccessNetwork, IEEE Transactions , 2005 ,51(03):348 - 353
21. W.K.Gass, System integration issues for set-top box, Signal Processing Systems,SIPS 97 - Design and Implementation, Nov. 1997 Page(s):65 - 75
22. 王瑞胡,有线数字电视机顶盒硬件系统及软件体系结构,中国有线电视,2006(02):121~124
23. F.Lonczewski, R.Jaeger, An extensible set-top-box architecture for interactive andbroadcast services offering sophisticated user guidance Multimedia and Expo, IEEEInternational Conference ,Aug 2001, 3:1403 - 1406
24. F.Kamperman, B. van Rijnsoever,Conditional access system interoperability throughsoftware downloading, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, 2001,47(01):47- 54
25. 张健,数字电视DVB系统概述,有线电视技术,2005,08:47~49
26. 李雪松,数字电视标准概述,西部广播电视, 2005,04:3~6
27. 孙亚民,数字电视枝木研究与机顶盒的开发,南京理工大学硕士论文,2004:16~23
28. 方涛,数字电视业务信息及其编码,北京:国防工业出版社, 1997.
29. GB/Z 174-2001 数字电视广播业务信息规范 2001
30. 刘小林,谭建豪,贾永涛,胡宏军,MPEG-2 标准在有线数字电视机顶盒中的应用,湖南文 理学院学报, 2005,5(01):53~55
31. 钟玉琢等译,运动图像及其伴音通用编码国际标准,清华大学出版社,1997
32. 艾竞,徐重阳,刘小卫,罗白云,机顶盒中SI引擎的分析与设计,电视技术,2002,4:69~72
33. ETSI TR 101 211 V1.4.1 Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB);Guidelines onimplementation and usage of Service Information (SI)
34. 张赫光,数字电视中的业务信息和电子节目指南,有线电视技术,2005,11:48-51
35. 谢完成,曾文海,基于DVB-SI的一种EPG实现方法,太原师范学院学报,2006,5(1):31~36
36. 乌欣,uC/OS-II在EP7312上的移植,单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2003,6:24~30
37. 卢春鹏,一种嵌入式系统的内存分配方案,单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2002,7:178-182
38. Sung Nai-Yin,Wu Tsung-Yi,A method of embedded memory access timemeasurement, International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design, 2001:462 -46539. B.Kovacevic, Consumer MPEG-2 multimedia digital satellite receiver,IEEE 1997Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, May 1997 1:371 -
37440. T.Isobe, M.Fujiwara, H. Kaneta, T.Morita, N.Uratani,Development and tests of a TVnavigation system personalized with viewer's habits, International Conference onConsumer Electronics, Jan 2005:157 – 158
41. W.Dobbie, Interactive electronic programme guides ,Navigation in EntertainmentServices(Ref. No.1998/247), IEE Half-day Colloquium on,Jan 1998(01):1-5
42. 魏宁,毋立芳,曹青,可移植的EPG软件设计与实现研究,2005国际有线电视技术研讨会,2005:258~263
43. MiniGUI http://www.minigui.org
44. STi5518 data sheet。
45. 宋靖涛,王匡,张明,DVB系统软件升级规范,中国有线电视,2005 (07):627~63
46. ETSI EN 102 006 Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Specification for SystemSoftware Update in DVB Systems
47. ECCA EuroLoader Specification Final Draft Version 1.2b, Technical Specification ofa European Loader for MultiMedia Terminals for Cable and Cable Modems, 12, 2001
48. 通用Loader规范草案,ChinaEPG
49. ITU-T Recommendation V.41, Code-independent error-control system, 11,1989
50. ISO7816 (part 1-3) asynchronous smartcard information