线状工程项目进度计划及资源分配问题优化研究
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摘要
工程项目计划管理是工程项目管理最主要的、首要的工作,是工程项目管理中其它工作,如成本管理、资源管理等的基础。合理的计划对控制和管理工程项目的工期及其它目标十分重要。目前,诸如高速公路工程、铁道工程、地下铁路工程等线状工程项目在我国的建设飞速发展。
因而,本论文以线状工程项目为研究对象,重点研究了线性计划方法(LinearScheduling Method,简称LSM)的基本理论及其在线状工程项目中的应用,研究了线状工程项目LSM进度计划及资源分配问题的优化理论和方法。
本文首先分析了网络计划技术在编制线状工程项目进度计划时的不足,而线性计划技术在编制线状工程项目进度计划时具有十分明显的优势。同时,分析了线状工程项目进度计划和资源分配问题研究的现状和不足。
本文系统性的介绍了线性计划技术的基本理论和概念、编制方法;介绍了LSM进度计划的关键线路CAP的确定方法;介绍了诸如活动施工速度差等参数的概念及其计算方法。提出了新的线状工程项目活动(工序)的分类方法;提出新的描述LSM计划特征和活动特征的参数及其计算方法,如控制点、自由施工速度差FRF、相关施工速度差RRF。
本文提出了新的基于LSM计划的线状工程项目计划资源均衡使用的启发式优化方法。介绍其基本原理、资源分配规则;并通过案例介绍了其计算方法和计算步骤
本文提出了新的基于LSM计划的线状工程项目计划资源均衡使用的精确优化算法,建立了该问题的非线性整数规划模型,并基于MATLAB利用遗传算法和数学方法分别通过一个案例验证了该算法的正确性和计算过程。
最后通过一个实际工程项目,介绍LSM计划技术在高速公路工程计划管理中的应用。
Project plan management has been regarded as the first and one of main works of the project management, and the foundation of the other works of the project management, such as the cost management and the duration management of the project etc. The more and more linear projects, such as highway projects, subway projects, and railway projects etc., have been invested in China at present.
Therefore, this dissertation mainly introduces the basic theories of the linear scheduling method (named LSM) and the LSM's application in the plan management of linear construction project, the methods and the optimization theories of the resource allocation problems and the linear project schedule.
At first, this dissertation analyzes the disadvantages of the network plan techniques when it is used to schedule and manage linear construction project and the advantages of the linear scheduling method when it is used to schedule and manage linear construction project. At the same time, the present research situations and shortcomings of the research on the resource allocation problems and linear scheduling method applying in the linear construction project has been analyzed in this dissertation.
Then, this dissertation systematically introduces the definition and the basic theories of the linear scheduling method and how to schedule a given linear construction project, introduces the algorithm of determining the controlling activity path of the LSM schedule of the linear construction project, introduces the concepts and calculation methods of some parameters, such as rate float, the earliest start time, the latest finish time etc. The new classification method of the activities consisting of the given linear construction project has been proposed and the new parameters describing the characters of the LSM schedule of the linear construction project, such as the control point, the free rate float, the related rate free, etc., has been introduced in this dissertation.
The new heuristic algorithm of resource leveling of linear schedule of the linear construction project has been proposed and the basic theory and the resource allocation rule have been introduced in this dissertation. The calculation method and the calculation process of this algorithm have been shown by using a case in this dissertation.
In this dissertation, an exact algorithm of resource leveling of linear schedule of the linear construction project has been proposed and a new nonlinear integer programming model has been built. This algorithm has been testified and validated by using a case and the optimal schedule of this case can be got by using the mathematic method and the genetic algorithm based on MATLAB and this algorithm respectively.
Finally, the application of linear scheduling method to the real-world highway project has been introduced.
因而,本论文以线状工程项目为研究对象,重点研究了线性计划方法(LinearScheduling Method,简称LSM)的基本理论及其在线状工程项目中的应用,研究了线状工程项目LSM进度计划及资源分配问题的优化理论和方法。
本文首先分析了网络计划技术在编制线状工程项目进度计划时的不足,而线性计划技术在编制线状工程项目进度计划时具有十分明显的优势。同时,分析了线状工程项目进度计划和资源分配问题研究的现状和不足。
本文系统性的介绍了线性计划技术的基本理论和概念、编制方法;介绍了LSM进度计划的关键线路CAP的确定方法;介绍了诸如活动施工速度差等参数的概念及其计算方法。提出了新的线状工程项目活动(工序)的分类方法;提出新的描述LSM计划特征和活动特征的参数及其计算方法,如控制点、自由施工速度差FRF、相关施工速度差RRF。
本文提出了新的基于LSM计划的线状工程项目计划资源均衡使用的启发式优化方法。介绍其基本原理、资源分配规则;并通过案例介绍了其计算方法和计算步骤
本文提出了新的基于LSM计划的线状工程项目计划资源均衡使用的精确优化算法,建立了该问题的非线性整数规划模型,并基于MATLAB利用遗传算法和数学方法分别通过一个案例验证了该算法的正确性和计算过程。
最后通过一个实际工程项目,介绍LSM计划技术在高速公路工程计划管理中的应用。
Project plan management has been regarded as the first and one of main works of the project management, and the foundation of the other works of the project management, such as the cost management and the duration management of the project etc. The more and more linear projects, such as highway projects, subway projects, and railway projects etc., have been invested in China at present.
Therefore, this dissertation mainly introduces the basic theories of the linear scheduling method (named LSM) and the LSM's application in the plan management of linear construction project, the methods and the optimization theories of the resource allocation problems and the linear project schedule.
At first, this dissertation analyzes the disadvantages of the network plan techniques when it is used to schedule and manage linear construction project and the advantages of the linear scheduling method when it is used to schedule and manage linear construction project. At the same time, the present research situations and shortcomings of the research on the resource allocation problems and linear scheduling method applying in the linear construction project has been analyzed in this dissertation.
Then, this dissertation systematically introduces the definition and the basic theories of the linear scheduling method and how to schedule a given linear construction project, introduces the algorithm of determining the controlling activity path of the LSM schedule of the linear construction project, introduces the concepts and calculation methods of some parameters, such as rate float, the earliest start time, the latest finish time etc. The new classification method of the activities consisting of the given linear construction project has been proposed and the new parameters describing the characters of the LSM schedule of the linear construction project, such as the control point, the free rate float, the related rate free, etc., has been introduced in this dissertation.
The new heuristic algorithm of resource leveling of linear schedule of the linear construction project has been proposed and the basic theory and the resource allocation rule have been introduced in this dissertation. The calculation method and the calculation process of this algorithm have been shown by using a case in this dissertation.
In this dissertation, an exact algorithm of resource leveling of linear schedule of the linear construction project has been proposed and a new nonlinear integer programming model has been built. This algorithm has been testified and validated by using a case and the optimal schedule of this case can be got by using the mathematic method and the genetic algorithm based on MATLAB and this algorithm respectively.
Finally, the application of linear scheduling method to the real-world highway project has been introduced.
引文
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Management Journal,1986,Vol.17,No.3,15
[2]Feigonbaum,L.Construction scheduling with primavera project planner.Upper Saddle River,NJ:Prentice Hall.1998,125-129
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[7]Ahmed Hassanein Planning and Scheduling Highway Construction Using GIS and Dynamic Programming[D].
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[13]徐欣.进度计划线图法[J].南京建筑工程学院学报,1999,51(4):65-69.
[14]刘津明.线状工程项目进度计划方法的研究[J].市政技术,1998.97(4):25-26.
[15]Vorester,M.C.,Beliveau,Y.J.,and Bafna,T.Linear Scheduling and Visualization[J].Transportation Research Record,1992,1351,32-39.
[16]蒋根谋.一种新的线性工程项目进度计划的编制方法[J].铁道建筑,2005,380(11):87-89
[17]Harmelink D.J.,Rowings J.E.Linear scheduling Model:Development of Controlling Activity Path[J].Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,ASCE,124(4),263-268
[18]Yamin R.A.,Harmelink D.J.Comparison of Linear Scheduling model(LSM)and Critical Path Method(CPM)[J].Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,ASCE,127(5),374-381
[19]Chrzanowski,E.N.and Johnson,D.W.Application of Linear Scheduling[J].Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,ASCE,112(4),476-491
[20]Bafna,T.Extending the Range of Linear Scheduling in Highway Construction.1991,MSc thesis,Viginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,Blacksberg,Viginia
[21]Suhail,S.A.and Neale,R.H.CPM and Line of Balance[J].Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,ASCE,1994,120(3),667-684
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[23]Kris G.Mattila and Dulcy M.Abraham Resouce Leveling of Linear Scheduling Using Integer Linear Programming[J].Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,1998,ASCE,124(3),232-244
[24]Patterson,J.H.A Comparison of Heuristic and Optimum Solutions in ResourceConstrained Project Scheduling.Management Science,1975,21(8),944-955.
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