静电纺丝法制备聚乙烯醇纳米纤维及其应用
摘要
本文利用静电纺丝技术制备了PVA以及PVA/SWNTs和PVA/Ag复合纳米纤维。并研究了影响PVA纤维静电纺丝过程的各种参数。结果表明,外加电压的强度、高分子溶液的浓度、接收距离甚至是环境因素都会对纤维的形貌产生影响。把SWNTs通过简单的超声分散,加入到PVA溶液中,再通过纺丝过程制备出PVA/SWNTs复合纳米纤维。其中SWNTs的浓度对纤维的形貌有重要影响。由于PVA是高亲水性高分子,所以对PVA纤维交联处理使其具有抗溶解性是有很重要的意义。本文分别采用化学交联法和物理交联法对PVA纤维进行处理,结果表明物理交联可以很好的保持纤维的结构,并且使其有良好的抗溶解性。经热处理过的膜,利用银镜反应原理,在银氨溶液中浸泡后,再用水冲洗,然后再用葡萄糖还原,就可以制得中型纳米尺寸银粒子覆盖的PVA纤维膜。其中银氨溶液浓度、清洗次数都会对银粒子的尺寸有重要影响。如果重复在银氨溶液中浸泡和在葡萄糖溶液中还原的过程,就可以考察浸泡-还原次数对银粒子形貌的影响。除此之外,本文也尝试把硝酸银加入到纺丝液中,对纺丝液分别采取先纺丝后还原和先还原后纺丝的处理方式,来制备含较小尺寸银粒子的复合纳米纤维。最终,利用银氨溶液浸泡-还原处理得到的纤维膜成功制备出了银纤维。本文最后也考察了含银的复合纤维的抗菌作用,把以上制得的各种PVA/Ag复合纳米纤维膜放置在大肠杆菌固体培养基上,培养一段时间后发现含银的纤维膜确实有一定的抗菌作用。
In this paper, the PVA, PVA/SWNTs and PVA/Ag nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning and the various parameters which could affect the electrospinning process were studied. The results show that voltage, polymer concentration, receiving distance and even environmental factors could impact on the fiber morphology. Before added to the PVA solution, the SWNTs were dispersed ultrasonically. Then the PVA/SWNTs nanofibers were produced by electrospinning. SWNTs concentration was important factor which could affect the fiber morphology. It is very important for crosslinking the PVA nanofibers because of the high hydrophilicity of PVA. There were two methods to crosslink nanofibers:chemical crosslinking method and physical crosslinking method. The result shows that the nanofibers could still maintain its structure after immersing in water by physical crosslinking method-the heat treated. Then the heat treated mats were soaked in Tollens, experiencing washing process, and reduced by glucose finally. Through varying washing times, Tollens concentration, and soaked-reduced times, we obtain the Ag midnanoparticles which coating degree and size are tunable. In addition to this, we tried to add AgNO3to PVA solution. The PVA/AgNO3nanofibers were prepared from a PVA/AgNO3aqueous solution by an electrospinning process. They were prepared into two types of PVA/AgNO3nanofibers:One was electrospun from PVA/AgN03aqueous solution and then the electrospun nanofibers were treated with UV radiation and heat; the other one was electrospun from PVA/AgNO3solution treated with UV radiation. Finally, calcination of the nanofibers which were soaked in Tollens and reduced by glucose produced smooth pure silver nanofibers. The antibacterial activities of various PVA/Ag and PVA/AgNO3nanofibers were examined against E.coli. It turned out that the Ag nanoparticles successfully inhibited the growth o f the bacteria.
In this paper, the PVA, PVA/SWNTs and PVA/Ag nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning and the various parameters which could affect the electrospinning process were studied. The results show that voltage, polymer concentration, receiving distance and even environmental factors could impact on the fiber morphology. Before added to the PVA solution, the SWNTs were dispersed ultrasonically. Then the PVA/SWNTs nanofibers were produced by electrospinning. SWNTs concentration was important factor which could affect the fiber morphology. It is very important for crosslinking the PVA nanofibers because of the high hydrophilicity of PVA. There were two methods to crosslink nanofibers:chemical crosslinking method and physical crosslinking method. The result shows that the nanofibers could still maintain its structure after immersing in water by physical crosslinking method-the heat treated. Then the heat treated mats were soaked in Tollens, experiencing washing process, and reduced by glucose finally. Through varying washing times, Tollens concentration, and soaked-reduced times, we obtain the Ag midnanoparticles which coating degree and size are tunable. In addition to this, we tried to add AgNO3to PVA solution. The PVA/AgNO3nanofibers were prepared from a PVA/AgNO3aqueous solution by an electrospinning process. They were prepared into two types of PVA/AgNO3nanofibers:One was electrospun from PVA/AgN03aqueous solution and then the electrospun nanofibers were treated with UV radiation and heat; the other one was electrospun from PVA/AgNO3solution treated with UV radiation. Finally, calcination of the nanofibers which were soaked in Tollens and reduced by glucose produced smooth pure silver nanofibers. The antibacterial activities of various PVA/Ag and PVA/AgNO3nanofibers were examined against E.coli. It turned out that the Ag nanoparticles successfully inhibited the growth o f the bacteria.
引文
[1]Ondarcuhu T., Joachim C. Drawing a single nanofiber over hundreds of microns[J]. Europhysics Letters,1998,42(2),215-220.
[2]Martin C. R. Membrane-based synthesis of nanomaterials [J]. Chemistry of Materials, 1996,8(8),1739-1746.
[3]Ma P. X., Zhang R. Synthetic nanoscale fibrous extracellular matrix [J]. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research,1999,46(1),60-72.
[4]Hartgerink J. D.,Beniash E.,Stupp S. I. Self-assembly and mineralization of peptide-amphiphile nanofibers [J]. Science,2001,294(5547),1684-1688.
[5]马兆昆,刘朗,刘杰.纺丝工艺对带形中间相沥青基石墨纤维取向结构及热导率的影响[J].无机材料学报,2010,25(9)：989-993.
[6]Andreas Greiner, Joachim H. Wendorff. EIectrospinning:A Fascinating Method Preparation of Ultrathin Fibers [J]. Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2007,46,5670-5703.
[7]Formhals A. Process and apparatus for preparing artificial threads.US Patent No.1,975,504.1934.
[8]Mathew G,Hong J P, Rhee J M,et al. Preparation and anisotropic mechanical Behavior of highly—oriented electrospun poly(butylene terephthalate) fibers [J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2006,101(3):2017—2021.
[9]I. G Loscertales, A. Barrero, I. Guerrero, et al. Micro/nano encapsulation via electrified coaxial liquid jets. Science,2002,295(5560):1695-1698.
[10]Y. J. Xiong, B. T. Mayers, Y. N. Xia. Some recent developments in the chemical synthesis of inorganic nanotubes. Chemical Communications,2005,41(40):5013-5022.
[11]Y. Zhao, X. Y. Cao, L. Jiang. Bio-mimic multichannel microtubes by a facile method. Journal of the American Chemistry Society,2007,129(4):764-765.
[12]B. Ding, E. Kimura, T. Sato, et al.Fabrication of blend biodegradable nanofibrous nonwoven mats via multi-jet electrospinning.Polymer 2004,45,1895-1902.
[13]O. O. Dosunmu, G G. Chase, W. Kataphinan, et al. Electrospinning of polymer nanofibres from multiple jets on a porous tubular surface.Nanotechnology 2006,17,1123-1127.
[14]王淑红.静电纺丝制备几种聚合物/无机复合纳米纤维与性能研究[D].[博士学位论文].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学,2012.
[15]G Kim, Y.-S. Cho, W. D. Kim. Stability analysisi for multi-jets electrospinning process modified with a cylindrical electrode[J]. Eur. Polym. J.2006,42,2031-2038.
[16]S. N. Reznik, A. L. Yarin, E. Zussman, et al. Evolution of a compound droplet attached to a core-shell nozzle under the action of a strong electric field[J]. Phys.Fluids 2006,18, 062101.
[17]Wenlong Liu, Yongyi Yao, Yi Lin, et al. Electrospinning Assisted by Gas Jet for Preparing Ultrafine Poly(vinyl alcohol) Fibres[J]. Iranian Polymer Journal 2009,18,89-96.
[18]J. Kameoka, R. Orth, Y. Yang, et al. A scanning tip electrospinning source for deposition of oriented nanofibres. Nanotechnology,2003,14(10):1124-1128.
[19]鲁兵安.有关静电纺丝的若干实验[D].[博士学位论文].兰州：兰州大学,2012.
[20]王先锋.静电纺纤维膜的结构调控及其在甲醛传感器中的应用研究[D].[博士学位论文].上海：东华大学,2011.
[21]Mathew G, Hong J P,Rhee J M, et al. Preparation and anisotropic mechanical behavior of highly-oriented electrospun poly(butylene terephthalate) fibers[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2006,101(3):2017-2021
[22]Katta P, Alessandro M, Ramsier R D, et al. Continuous electrospinning of aligned polymer nanofibers onto a wire drum collector [J]. Nano Lett,2004,4(11):2215-2218.
[23]David Blond, William Walshe, Karen Young,et al. Strong, Tough, Electrospun Polymer-Nanotube Composite Membranes with Extremely Low Density[J]. Adv. Funct. Mater.2008,18, 2618-2624.
[24]Theron A, Zussman E, Yarin A L. Electrostatic field-assisted alignment of electrospun nanofibres[J].Nanotechnology,2001,12(3):384-390.
[25]J. F. Zhang, D. Z. Yang, J. Nie. Effect of electric potential and coulombic interactions on electrospinning nanofiber distribution. Polymer International,2008,57(10):1194-1197o
[26]D. Yang, B. Lu, Y. Zhao, et al. Fabrication of aligned fibrous arrays by magnetic electrospinning. Advanced Materials,2007,19,3702-370.
[27]Smit E,Buttner U, Sanderson R D.Continuousyarns from electrospun fibers[J]. Polymer, 2005,46:2419-2423
[28]Teo W-E, Gopal R, Ramaseshan R, et al. A dynamic liquid support system forcontinuous electrospun yarn fabrication[J]. Polymer,2007,48:3400-3405
[29]J. M. Deitzel, J. D. Kleinmeyer, J. K. Hirvonen, et al. Controlled deposition of electrospun polyethylene oxide) fibers. Polymer,2001,42(19):8163-8170.
[30]B. Sundaray, V. Subramanian, T. S. Natarajan, et al. Electrospinning of continuous aligned polymer fibers. Applied Physics Letters,2004,84(7):1222-1224.
[31]V. K. Meghana, G.Steven, G Kenncorwin, et al. Electric field induced orientation of polymer chains in macroscopically aligned electrospun polymer nanofibers. Journal of the American Chemical Society,2007,129(10):2777-2782.
[32]H. Hou, Z. Jun, A. Reuning, A. Schaper, et al. Poly (p-xylene) nanotubes by coating and removal of ultrathin polymer template fibers[J]. Macromolecules,2002,35,2429-2431.
[33]M. Bognitzki, H. Hou, M. Ishaque, T. Frese, M. Hellwig, et al. Polymer, Metal, and Hybrid Nano-and Mesotubes by Coating Degradable Polymer Template Fibers (TUFT Process) [J]. Adv. Mater.2000,12,637-640.
[34]Wang X, Zhang K, Yang Y, et al. Development of hydrophilic barrier layer on nanofibrous substrate as composite membrane via a facile route[J]. JMembr Sci,2010,356:110-116
[35]You H, Yang Y, Li X,et al. Novel Membrane Adsorbers with Grafted Zwitterionic Polymers. with antifouling NF-like selective layer[J]. J Membr Sci,2012,394-395:241-247
[36]Fibre Reinforcements for Composite Materials (Ed.:A. R.Bunsell), Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1988.
[37]J. C. Halpin, J. L. Kardos, The Halpin-Tsai equations:a review [J].Polym. Eng. Sci.1976,16, 344-352.
[38]M. M. Bergshoef, G. J. Vancso, Transparent Nanocomposites with Ultrathin, Electrospun Nylon-4,6 Fiber Reinforcement[J]. Adv. Mater.1999,11,1362-1365.
[39]R. Langer, J. P. Vacanti, Tissue engineering[J].Science 1993,260,920-926.
[40]C. J. Koh, A. Atala. Tissue engineering, stem cells and cloning:opportunities for regenerative medicine[J] J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.2004,15,1113-1125.
[41]Zhang Y, Venugopal J R, El-Turki A, et al. Electrospun biomimetic nanocomposite nanofibers of hydroxyapatite/chitosan for bone tissue engineering[J]. Biomaterials,2008,29: 4314-4322.
[42]Pattama Taepaiboon, Uracha Rungsardthong, Pitt Supaphol.Drug-loaded electrospun mats of poly(vinyl alcohol) fibres and their release characteristics of four model drugs[J].Nanotechnology,2006,17:2317-2329.
[43]D. Smith, D. H. Reneker, PCT/US00/27737,2001.
[44]王瑞玉.基于静电纺丝技术的功能性纤维材料的制备和表征[D].[博士论文].上海：复旦大学,2012.
[45]Wang G, Tan Z.,Liu X. Q., et al.Conducting MWNT/poly(vinyl acetate) composite nanofibres by electrospinning [J].Nanotechnology,2006,13(23),5829-5835.
[46]Jeong J. S.,Jeon S. Y.,Lee T. Y.,et al.Fabrication of MWNTs/nylon conductive composite nanofibers by electrospinning [J]. Diamond and Related Materials,2006,15(11-12),1839-1843.
[47]Kim G M., Michler G H.,Potschke P. Deformation processes of ultrahigh porous multiwalled carbon nanotubes/polycarbonate composite fibers prepared by electrospinning [J]. Polymer,2005,46(18),7346-7351.
[48]Heikkila P.,Harlin A. Electrospinning of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solution:Effect of conductive additive and filler on the process [J]. Express Polymer Letters,2009,3(7),437-445.
[49]Mazinani S., Ajji A., Dubois C. Morphology, structure and properties of conductive PS/CNT nanocomposite electrospun mat [J]. Polymer,2009,50(14),3329-3342.
[50]Sen R., Zhao B.,Perea D.,et al,Preparation of single-walled carbon nanotube reinforced polystyrene and polyurethane nanofibers and membranes by electrospinning [J], Nano Letters, 2004,4(3),459-464.
[51]Kim G M., Wutzler A., Radusch H. J., et al,One-Dimensional Arrangement of Gold Nanoparticles by Electrospinning [J]. Chemistry of Materials,2005,17(20),4949-4957.
[52]Li M., Zhang J.,Zhang H. Electrospinning:A Facile Method to Disperse Fluorescent Quantum Dots in Nanofibers without Forster Resonance Energy Transfer[J], Advanced Functional Materials,2007,17(17),3650-3656.
[53]Kyung Hwa Hong.Preparation and Properties of Electrospun Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Silver Fiber Web as Wound Dressings.POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE,2007,10,:43-49.
[54]Lin D. D.,Wu H., Zhang R.,et al.Enhanced Photocatalysis of Electrospun Ag-ZnO Heterostructured Nanofibers [J]. Chemistry of Materials,2009,21(15),3479-3484.
[55]Dong H.,Fey E., Gandelman A.,Jones W. E. Synthesis and Assembly of Metal Nanoparticles on Electrospun Poly(4-vinylpyridine) Fibers and Poly(4-vinylpyridine) Composite Fibers [J]. Chemistry of Materials,2006,18(8),2008-2011.
[56]Ding B., Li C.,Hotta Y?,Kim J.,Kuwaki O., Shiratori S. Conversion of an electrospun nanofibrous cellulose acetate mat from a super-hydrophilic to super-hydrophobic surface [J]. Nanotechnology,2006,17,4332-4339.
[57]丁彬,俞建勇.静电纺丝与纳米纤维[M].北京,中国纺织出版社,2011.
[58]Sundarrajan S., Ramakrishna S. Fabrication of functionalized nanofiber membranes containing nanoparticles [J]. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology,2010,10(2), 1139-1147.
[59]Lu C. Y.,Chen Z.,Han H. C, Carbon nanoparticles coated TiCh nanofibers and its photocatalytic activity [J]. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry,2010,26(2),313-317.
[60]Kim W. S., Lee B. S.,Kim D. H.,Kim H. C, Yu W. R. Hong S. H. SnCb nanotubes fabricated using electrospinning and atomic layer deposition and their gas sensing performance [J]. Nanotechnology,2010,21 (24),245605.
[61]李建秀,俞镇慌.完全生物降解材料的应用及发展趋势[J].产业用纺织品2003,(9)：1-4.
[62]Won Keun Son, Ji Ho Youk,Taek Seung Lee,et al.Effect of pH on electrospinning of poly(vinyl alcohol)[J].Materials Letters,2005,59,1571-1575
[63]X. Zong, K. Kim, D. Fang, et al. Structure and process relationship of electro-spun bioabsorbable nanofiber membranes[J]. Polymer,2002,43,4403-4412.
[64]J.S. Choi, S.W. Lee, L. Jeong, et al. Effect of organosoluble salts on the nanofibrous structure of electrospun poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)[J]. Macromol,2004,34(4):249-256.
[65]徐明,静电纺工艺及其制品的结构与性能[D].[硕士学位论文].苏州：苏州大学.2005
[66]张春雪.静电纺丝制备聚乙烯醇超细纤维膜及其负载药物的研究[D].[博士学位论文].天津：天津大学.2004.
[67]李杰.静电纺丝法制备聚乙烯醇纳米纤维[J].舰船防化.2009,4,6-11.
[68]Yang Q B, Li Z Y, Hong Y L, et al. Influence of solvents on the formation of ultrathin uniform poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) nanofibers with electrospinning[J]. Journal of Polymer Science Part B:Polymer Physics,2004,42(20):3721～3726
[69]Weiping Zhou, Yulong Wu, Fei Wei, et al.Elastic deformation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in electrospun MWCNTs-PEO and MWCNTs-PVA nanfibers[J]. Polymer 2005,46,12689-12695.
[70]Larsen G, Spretz R, Velarde-Ortiz R. Use of coaxial gas jackets to stabilize Taylor cones of volatile solutions and to induce particle-to-fiber transitions. Adv Mater,2004,16:166-169.
[71]Hohman M M, Shin M, Rutledge G, et al. Electrospinning and electrically forced jet[J]. Stability theory. Physics of fluids,2001,13(8),2201～2220
[72]Deitzel J M, Kleinmeyer J, Harris D, et al.The effect of processing variables on the morphology of electrospun nanofibers and textiles[J]. Polymer,2001,42,261～272
[73]Ramakrishna S, Fujihara K, Teo W E, et al. An introduction to electrospinning and nanofibers[M].Singapore:World Scientific,2005:63-116.
[74]沈晶晶,韩毓旺,李平等.非良溶剂存在下静电纺PVDF和P(VDF-HFP)纤维的可纺性研究[J].合成纤维工业,2006,29(6)：23-26.
[75]刘呈坤.静电纺丝技术的研究进展[J].合成纤维工业,2012,35(2)：53-57.
[76]王小梅,黄永安,布宁斌等.静电纺丝制备微纳纤维的形貌表征与影响机理分析[J].科学通报,2012,57(10)：860-866.
[77]Kowalewski T A, Barral S, Kowalczyk T. Modeling electrospinning of nanofibers[C]. Aalborg, Denmark:Springer,2008:279-292.
[78]Iijima S. Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon[J]. Nature,1991,354(6348):56-58
[79]Iijima S, Ichihashi T. Single-shell carbon nanotubes of 1-nm diameter [J]. Nature,1993,363(6430):603-605
[80]Bethune D S.Kiang C H,Devries M S,et al.Cobalt catalysed growth of carbon nanotubes with single atomic layer walls[J].Nature,1993,363(6430):605-607
[81]Calvert P. Nanotube composites:A recipe for strength [J]. Nature,1999,399(6733):210-211.
[82]Lago R M, Tsang S C, Green M LH, et al.Filling carbon nanotubes with small Palladium metal crystallites:the effect of surface acid groups.Chem Commun,1995,7(3):1355-1356
[83]Hiura H, Ebbesen T M, Tanigaki K. Opening and Purification of carbon nanotubes in high yields. Adv mater,1995,7:275-276
[84]Zongpeng Li, Hongtao Guan, Ning Yu,et al.Conjugated Polymer Poly (2-methoxy-5-(3',7'-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene) Modification on Carbon Nanotubes with Assistance of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide:Chemical Interaction, Solubility, and Light Emission[J]J. Phys. Chem. C,2010,114,10119-10125.
[85]Jun Yue, Qun Xu,*Zhiwei Zhang, et al.Periodic Patterning on Carbon Nanotubes: Supercritical CO2-Induced Polyethylene Epitaxy[J].Macromolecules 2007,40,88218826.
[86]Linghao He, Xiaoli Zheng, Qun Xu.Modification of Carbon Nanotubes Using Poly(vinylidene fluoride) with Assistance of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide:The Impact of Solvent.[J].J. Phys. Chem. B 2010,114,5257-5262
[87]ChengWu Hua, Zhimin Chen, Qun Xu,et al.Ring-Banded Spherulites in PCL and PCL/MWCNT Solution-Casting Films and Effect of Compressed CO on them[J]. Journal of Polymer Science:Part B:Polymer Physics,2009(47),784-792.
[88]Ning Yu, Linghao He, Yuanyuan Ren,et al. High-crystallization polyoxymethylene modifi cation on carbon nanotubes with assistance of supercritical carbon dioxide:Molecular interactions and their thermal stability[J]. Polymer,2011(52):472-480
[89]Xiaoli Zheng, Qun Xu.Comparison Study of Morphology and Crystallization Behavior of Polyethylene and Poly(ethylene oxide) on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes.J. Phys. Chem. B 2010,114,9435-9444
[90]Islam M F, Rojas E, Bergey D M, etal.Nano. Lett,2003,3,269
[91]Minoo Naebe, TongLin, WendyTian,et al. Effects of MWNT nanofillers on structures and properties of PVA electrospun nanoflbres[J]. Nanotechnology,2007(18):1-8.
[92]MinooNaebe,TongLin,MarkPStaig,et al..Electrospun Single-walled carbon nanotube/Polyvinyl alcohol composite nanofibers:structure-property relationships[J]. Nanotechnology,2008(19):305702.
[93]马彦龙,王帅,卫英慧,等.静电纺丝制备MWNTs/PVA/PEO复合超细纤维[J].合成纤维工业,2010(4)：24-27.
[94]Min Jee Kim,Jeongwoo Lee, Dongsoo Jung,et al.Electrospun Poly(vinyl alcohol)nanofibers incorating PEGylated multi-wall carbon nanotube[J]. Synthetic Metals,2010(160):1410-1414.
[95]J.S. Jeong, J.S. Moon, S.Y. Jeon, et al. Mechanical properties of electrospun PVA/MWNTs composite nanofibers[J].Thin Solid Films,2007,515:5136-5141
[96]Weiping Zhou, Yulong Wu, Fei Wei, et al. Elastic deformation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in electrospun MWCNTs-PEO and MWCNTs-PVA nanofibers[J]. Polymer,2005,46, 12689-12695.
[97]Enlong Yang, Xiaohong Qin, Shanyuan Wang.Electrospun crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol membrane[J].Materials Letters,2008,62,3555-3557
[98]J.M. Gohil, A. Bhattacharya, P. Ray. Studies On TheCrosslinking Of Poly (vinyl alcohol)[J]. J. Polym. Res.13 (2006) 161-169.
[99]P.J. Flory, Principles of Polymer Chemistry, Cornell Univ Press, New York,1953.
[100]Christina Tang, Carl D. Saquing, Jonathon R. Harding,et al.In Situ Cross-Linking of Electrospun Poly(vinyl alcohol) Nanofibers[J].Macromolecules 2010,43,630-637
[101]Brasch, U.; Burchard, W. Preparation and solution properties of microhydrogels from poly(vinyl alcohol)[J]. Macromol. Chem. Phys.1996,197,223-235
[102]Y.Z. Zhang, J. Venugopal, Z.-M. Huang,et al.Crosslinking of the electrospun gelatin nanofibers[J].Polymer 2006,47,2911-2917.
[103]Li Yao, Thomas W. Haas, Anthony Guiseppi-Elie,et al.Electrospinning and Stabilization of Fully Hydrolyzed Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Fibers[J].Chem. Mater.2003,15,1860-1864.
[104]谢红,卢华,黄华等.载药聚乙烯醇/海藻酸钠静电纺丝纤维的改性及其药物体外释放研究[J].第三军医大学学报,2011,23,2485-2490.
[105]Ji-Hui Lee, Un-Soo Lee, Kwang-Un Jeong, et al.Preparation and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol) nanfibermats crosslinked with blocked isocyanate prepolymer[J].PolymInt 2010; 59:1683-1689.
[106]Yun Ok Kang, In-Soo Yoon, So Young Lee.,et al.Chitosan-Coated Poly(vinyl alcohol) Nanofibers For Wound Dressings. J Biomed Mater Res Part B:Appl Biomater 92B:2010,568-576.
[107]Mark H F, Gayload N G Encyclopedia of polymer science and technology, Vol.14. New York:Wiley,1980.148-170.
[108]R. Babu, J. Zhang, E.J. Beckman, et al. Antimicrobial activities of silver used as a polymerization catalyst for a wound-healing matrix[J]. Biomaterials,2006,27,4304-4314.
[109]S. Link, M.A. El-Sayed, Optical properties and ultrafast dynamics of metallic nanocrystals[J].Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.2003,54,331.
[110]A.G. Saskia. Microwave chemistry[J].Chem. Soc. Rev.1997,26,233-238.
[111]T. Maneerung, S. Tokura, R. Rujiravanit. Impregnation of silver nanoparticles into bacterial cellulose for antimicrobial wound dressing[J]. Carbohydr. Polym.2008,77,43-51.
[112]X. Cui, G. Liu, Y. Lin. Amperometric biosensors based on carbon paste electrodes modified with nanostructured mixed-valence manganese oxides and glucose oxidase[J]. Nanomed. Nanotech. Bio. Med.2005,1,130-135.
[113]K.H. Cho, J.E. Park, T. Osaka, et al. The study of antimicrobialactivity and preservative effects of nanosilver ingredient[J]. Electrochim. Acta,2005; 51:956-960
[114]Y. Wang, Q. Yang, G. Shan, et al. Preparation of silver nanoparticles dispersed in polyacrylonitrile nanofiber film spun by electrospinning[J]. Mater. Lett.2005,59,3046-3049.
[115]Won Keun Son, Ji Ho Youk, Taek Seung Lee,et al.Preparation of Antimicrobial Ultrafine Cellulose Acetate Fibers with Silver Nanoparticles[J].Macromol. Rapid Commun.2004,25,1632-1637.
[116]Yang, Q. B, Li, D. M, Hong, Y. L, Li, et al.Preparation and characterization of a PAN nanofibre containing Ag nanoparticles via electrospinning[J]. Synth. Met.,2003,137:973-974
[117]Wen-Ji Jin, Hyun Jeong Jeon, Jung Hyun Kim, et al. A study on the preparation of poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles[J]. Synthetic Metals 157 (2007) 454
-459.
[118]Z. H. Mbhele, M. G. Salemane,C. G. C. E. van Sittert, et al.Fabrication and Characterization of Silver Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposites[J].Chem. Mater.2003,15,5019-5024.
[119]何典.一维纳米功能材料的静电纺丝制备及其性能研究[D].博士学位论文,合肥：中国科学技术大学,2010.
[120]Nasser A. M. Barakat, Taha E. Farrag, Muzafar A. Kanjwal,et al. Silver Nanofibres by a Novel Electrospinning Process:Nanofibres with Plasmon Resonance in the IR Region and Thermal Hysteresis Electrical Conductivity Features[J].Eur. J. Inorg. Chem.2010,1481-1488.
[121]S.M. Hussian, K.L. Hess, J.M. Gearhart,et al. In vitro toxicity of nanoparticles in BRL 3A rat liver cells[J]. Toxicol In Vitro.2005,19(7):975-983.
[122]L. Braydich-Stolle, S.M. Hussain, J.J. Schlager, et al.In vitro cytotoxicity of nanoparticles in mammalian germline stem cells[J]. Toxicol Sci.2005,88(2):412-419
[123]P.K. Lam, E.S. Chan,W.S. Ho, et al.In vitro cytotoxicity testing of a nanocrystalline silver dressing (Acticoat) on cultured keratinocytes[J].Br. J. Biomed. Sci.2004;61(3):125-7.
[124]V.K.M. Poon, A. Burd.In vitro cytotoxity of silver:implication for clinical wound care[J].Burns,2004,30,140-147.
[125]E. Hidalgo, R. Bartolome, C. Barroso, et al. Silver nitrate:antimicrobial activity related to cytotoxicity in cultured human fibroblasts[J]. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol 1998;11:140-151.
[126]Ja Young Chun, Hyun Ki Kang, Lim Jeong,et al. Epidermal cellular response to poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles [J].Colloids and Surfaces B:Biointerfaces 2010,78,334-342.
[127]Zhimin Chen, Xin Chen, Linli Zheng,et al.A simple and controlled method of preparing uniform Ag midnanoparticles on Tollens-soaked silica spheres.[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 2005,285,146-151.
[128]W. Stober, A. Fink, E. Bohn. Controlled Growth of Monodisperse Silica Spheres in. Micron Size Range[J]. J. Colloid Interface Sci.1968,26,62-69.
[129]N. Koji, Y. Tomonori, I. Kenji,et al. Properties and structure of poly(vinyl alcohol)/silica composites[J]. J. Appl. Polym.Sci.,1999,74,133-138.
[130]Nasser A. M. Barakat, Taha E. Farrag, Muzafar A. Kanjwal, Soo-Jin Park, Faheem A. Sheikh, and Hak Yong Kim. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem.2010,1481-1488.
[2]Martin C. R. Membrane-based synthesis of nanomaterials [J]. Chemistry of Materials, 1996,8(8),1739-1746.
[3]Ma P. X., Zhang R. Synthetic nanoscale fibrous extracellular matrix [J]. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research,1999,46(1),60-72.
[4]Hartgerink J. D.,Beniash E.,Stupp S. I. Self-assembly and mineralization of peptide-amphiphile nanofibers [J]. Science,2001,294(5547),1684-1688.
[5]马兆昆,刘朗,刘杰.纺丝工艺对带形中间相沥青基石墨纤维取向结构及热导率的影响[J].无机材料学报,2010,25(9)：989-993.
[6]Andreas Greiner, Joachim H. Wendorff. EIectrospinning:A Fascinating Method Preparation of Ultrathin Fibers [J]. Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2007,46,5670-5703.
[7]Formhals A. Process and apparatus for preparing artificial threads.US Patent No.1,975,504.1934.
[8]Mathew G,Hong J P, Rhee J M,et al. Preparation and anisotropic mechanical Behavior of highly—oriented electrospun poly(butylene terephthalate) fibers [J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2006,101(3):2017—2021.
[9]I. G Loscertales, A. Barrero, I. Guerrero, et al. Micro/nano encapsulation via electrified coaxial liquid jets. Science,2002,295(5560):1695-1698.
[10]Y. J. Xiong, B. T. Mayers, Y. N. Xia. Some recent developments in the chemical synthesis of inorganic nanotubes. Chemical Communications,2005,41(40):5013-5022.
[11]Y. Zhao, X. Y. Cao, L. Jiang. Bio-mimic multichannel microtubes by a facile method. Journal of the American Chemistry Society,2007,129(4):764-765.
[12]B. Ding, E. Kimura, T. Sato, et al.Fabrication of blend biodegradable nanofibrous nonwoven mats via multi-jet electrospinning.Polymer 2004,45,1895-1902.
[13]O. O. Dosunmu, G G. Chase, W. Kataphinan, et al. Electrospinning of polymer nanofibres from multiple jets on a porous tubular surface.Nanotechnology 2006,17,1123-1127.
[14]王淑红.静电纺丝制备几种聚合物/无机复合纳米纤维与性能研究[D].[博士学位论文].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学,2012.
[15]G Kim, Y.-S. Cho, W. D. Kim. Stability analysisi for multi-jets electrospinning process modified with a cylindrical electrode[J]. Eur. Polym. J.2006,42,2031-2038.
[16]S. N. Reznik, A. L. Yarin, E. Zussman, et al. Evolution of a compound droplet attached to a core-shell nozzle under the action of a strong electric field[J]. Phys.Fluids 2006,18, 062101.
[17]Wenlong Liu, Yongyi Yao, Yi Lin, et al. Electrospinning Assisted by Gas Jet for Preparing Ultrafine Poly(vinyl alcohol) Fibres[J]. Iranian Polymer Journal 2009,18,89-96.
[18]J. Kameoka, R. Orth, Y. Yang, et al. A scanning tip electrospinning source for deposition of oriented nanofibres. Nanotechnology,2003,14(10):1124-1128.
[19]鲁兵安.有关静电纺丝的若干实验[D].[博士学位论文].兰州：兰州大学,2012.
[20]王先锋.静电纺纤维膜的结构调控及其在甲醛传感器中的应用研究[D].[博士学位论文].上海：东华大学,2011.
[21]Mathew G, Hong J P,Rhee J M, et al. Preparation and anisotropic mechanical behavior of highly-oriented electrospun poly(butylene terephthalate) fibers[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2006,101(3):2017-2021
[22]Katta P, Alessandro M, Ramsier R D, et al. Continuous electrospinning of aligned polymer nanofibers onto a wire drum collector [J]. Nano Lett,2004,4(11):2215-2218.
[23]David Blond, William Walshe, Karen Young,et al. Strong, Tough, Electrospun Polymer-Nanotube Composite Membranes with Extremely Low Density[J]. Adv. Funct. Mater.2008,18, 2618-2624.
[24]Theron A, Zussman E, Yarin A L. Electrostatic field-assisted alignment of electrospun nanofibres[J].Nanotechnology,2001,12(3):384-390.
[25]J. F. Zhang, D. Z. Yang, J. Nie. Effect of electric potential and coulombic interactions on electrospinning nanofiber distribution. Polymer International,2008,57(10):1194-1197o
[26]D. Yang, B. Lu, Y. Zhao, et al. Fabrication of aligned fibrous arrays by magnetic electrospinning. Advanced Materials,2007,19,3702-370.
[27]Smit E,Buttner U, Sanderson R D.Continuousyarns from electrospun fibers[J]. Polymer, 2005,46:2419-2423
[28]Teo W-E, Gopal R, Ramaseshan R, et al. A dynamic liquid support system forcontinuous electrospun yarn fabrication[J]. Polymer,2007,48:3400-3405
[29]J. M. Deitzel, J. D. Kleinmeyer, J. K. Hirvonen, et al. Controlled deposition of electrospun polyethylene oxide) fibers. Polymer,2001,42(19):8163-8170.
[30]B. Sundaray, V. Subramanian, T. S. Natarajan, et al. Electrospinning of continuous aligned polymer fibers. Applied Physics Letters,2004,84(7):1222-1224.
[31]V. K. Meghana, G.Steven, G Kenncorwin, et al. Electric field induced orientation of polymer chains in macroscopically aligned electrospun polymer nanofibers. Journal of the American Chemical Society,2007,129(10):2777-2782.
[32]H. Hou, Z. Jun, A. Reuning, A. Schaper, et al. Poly (p-xylene) nanotubes by coating and removal of ultrathin polymer template fibers[J]. Macromolecules,2002,35,2429-2431.
[33]M. Bognitzki, H. Hou, M. Ishaque, T. Frese, M. Hellwig, et al. Polymer, Metal, and Hybrid Nano-and Mesotubes by Coating Degradable Polymer Template Fibers (TUFT Process) [J]. Adv. Mater.2000,12,637-640.
[34]Wang X, Zhang K, Yang Y, et al. Development of hydrophilic barrier layer on nanofibrous substrate as composite membrane via a facile route[J]. JMembr Sci,2010,356:110-116
[35]You H, Yang Y, Li X,et al. Novel Membrane Adsorbers with Grafted Zwitterionic Polymers. with antifouling NF-like selective layer[J]. J Membr Sci,2012,394-395:241-247
[36]Fibre Reinforcements for Composite Materials (Ed.:A. R.Bunsell), Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1988.
[37]J. C. Halpin, J. L. Kardos, The Halpin-Tsai equations:a review [J].Polym. Eng. Sci.1976,16, 344-352.
[38]M. M. Bergshoef, G. J. Vancso, Transparent Nanocomposites with Ultrathin, Electrospun Nylon-4,6 Fiber Reinforcement[J]. Adv. Mater.1999,11,1362-1365.
[39]R. Langer, J. P. Vacanti, Tissue engineering[J].Science 1993,260,920-926.
[40]C. J. Koh, A. Atala. Tissue engineering, stem cells and cloning:opportunities for regenerative medicine[J] J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.2004,15,1113-1125.
[41]Zhang Y, Venugopal J R, El-Turki A, et al. Electrospun biomimetic nanocomposite nanofibers of hydroxyapatite/chitosan for bone tissue engineering[J]. Biomaterials,2008,29: 4314-4322.
[42]Pattama Taepaiboon, Uracha Rungsardthong, Pitt Supaphol.Drug-loaded electrospun mats of poly(vinyl alcohol) fibres and their release characteristics of four model drugs[J].Nanotechnology,2006,17:2317-2329.
[43]D. Smith, D. H. Reneker, PCT/US00/27737,2001.
[44]王瑞玉.基于静电纺丝技术的功能性纤维材料的制备和表征[D].[博士论文].上海：复旦大学,2012.
[45]Wang G, Tan Z.,Liu X. Q., et al.Conducting MWNT/poly(vinyl acetate) composite nanofibres by electrospinning [J].Nanotechnology,2006,13(23),5829-5835.
[46]Jeong J. S.,Jeon S. Y.,Lee T. Y.,et al.Fabrication of MWNTs/nylon conductive composite nanofibers by electrospinning [J]. Diamond and Related Materials,2006,15(11-12),1839-1843.
[47]Kim G M., Michler G H.,Potschke P. Deformation processes of ultrahigh porous multiwalled carbon nanotubes/polycarbonate composite fibers prepared by electrospinning [J]. Polymer,2005,46(18),7346-7351.
[48]Heikkila P.,Harlin A. Electrospinning of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solution:Effect of conductive additive and filler on the process [J]. Express Polymer Letters,2009,3(7),437-445.
[49]Mazinani S., Ajji A., Dubois C. Morphology, structure and properties of conductive PS/CNT nanocomposite electrospun mat [J]. Polymer,2009,50(14),3329-3342.
[50]Sen R., Zhao B.,Perea D.,et al,Preparation of single-walled carbon nanotube reinforced polystyrene and polyurethane nanofibers and membranes by electrospinning [J], Nano Letters, 2004,4(3),459-464.
[51]Kim G M., Wutzler A., Radusch H. J., et al,One-Dimensional Arrangement of Gold Nanoparticles by Electrospinning [J]. Chemistry of Materials,2005,17(20),4949-4957.
[52]Li M., Zhang J.,Zhang H. Electrospinning:A Facile Method to Disperse Fluorescent Quantum Dots in Nanofibers without Forster Resonance Energy Transfer[J], Advanced Functional Materials,2007,17(17),3650-3656.
[53]Kyung Hwa Hong.Preparation and Properties of Electrospun Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Silver Fiber Web as Wound Dressings.POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE,2007,10,:43-49.
[54]Lin D. D.,Wu H., Zhang R.,et al.Enhanced Photocatalysis of Electrospun Ag-ZnO Heterostructured Nanofibers [J]. Chemistry of Materials,2009,21(15),3479-3484.
[55]Dong H.,Fey E., Gandelman A.,Jones W. E. Synthesis and Assembly of Metal Nanoparticles on Electrospun Poly(4-vinylpyridine) Fibers and Poly(4-vinylpyridine) Composite Fibers [J]. Chemistry of Materials,2006,18(8),2008-2011.
[56]Ding B., Li C.,Hotta Y?,Kim J.,Kuwaki O., Shiratori S. Conversion of an electrospun nanofibrous cellulose acetate mat from a super-hydrophilic to super-hydrophobic surface [J]. Nanotechnology,2006,17,4332-4339.
[57]丁彬,俞建勇.静电纺丝与纳米纤维[M].北京,中国纺织出版社,2011.
[58]Sundarrajan S., Ramakrishna S. Fabrication of functionalized nanofiber membranes containing nanoparticles [J]. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology,2010,10(2), 1139-1147.
[59]Lu C. Y.,Chen Z.,Han H. C, Carbon nanoparticles coated TiCh nanofibers and its photocatalytic activity [J]. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry,2010,26(2),313-317.
[60]Kim W. S., Lee B. S.,Kim D. H.,Kim H. C, Yu W. R. Hong S. H. SnCb nanotubes fabricated using electrospinning and atomic layer deposition and their gas sensing performance [J]. Nanotechnology,2010,21 (24),245605.
[61]李建秀,俞镇慌.完全生物降解材料的应用及发展趋势[J].产业用纺织品2003,(9)：1-4.
[62]Won Keun Son, Ji Ho Youk,Taek Seung Lee,et al.Effect of pH on electrospinning of poly(vinyl alcohol)[J].Materials Letters,2005,59,1571-1575
[63]X. Zong, K. Kim, D. Fang, et al. Structure and process relationship of electro-spun bioabsorbable nanofiber membranes[J]. Polymer,2002,43,4403-4412.
[64]J.S. Choi, S.W. Lee, L. Jeong, et al. Effect of organosoluble salts on the nanofibrous structure of electrospun poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)[J]. Macromol,2004,34(4):249-256.
[65]徐明,静电纺工艺及其制品的结构与性能[D].[硕士学位论文].苏州：苏州大学.2005
[66]张春雪.静电纺丝制备聚乙烯醇超细纤维膜及其负载药物的研究[D].[博士学位论文].天津：天津大学.2004.
[67]李杰.静电纺丝法制备聚乙烯醇纳米纤维[J].舰船防化.2009,4,6-11.
[68]Yang Q B, Li Z Y, Hong Y L, et al. Influence of solvents on the formation of ultrathin uniform poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) nanofibers with electrospinning[J]. Journal of Polymer Science Part B:Polymer Physics,2004,42(20):3721～3726
[69]Weiping Zhou, Yulong Wu, Fei Wei, et al.Elastic deformation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in electrospun MWCNTs-PEO and MWCNTs-PVA nanfibers[J]. Polymer 2005,46,12689-12695.
[70]Larsen G, Spretz R, Velarde-Ortiz R. Use of coaxial gas jackets to stabilize Taylor cones of volatile solutions and to induce particle-to-fiber transitions. Adv Mater,2004,16:166-169.
[71]Hohman M M, Shin M, Rutledge G, et al. Electrospinning and electrically forced jet[J]. Stability theory. Physics of fluids,2001,13(8),2201～2220
[72]Deitzel J M, Kleinmeyer J, Harris D, et al.The effect of processing variables on the morphology of electrospun nanofibers and textiles[J]. Polymer,2001,42,261～272
[73]Ramakrishna S, Fujihara K, Teo W E, et al. An introduction to electrospinning and nanofibers[M].Singapore:World Scientific,2005:63-116.
[74]沈晶晶,韩毓旺,李平等.非良溶剂存在下静电纺PVDF和P(VDF-HFP)纤维的可纺性研究[J].合成纤维工业,2006,29(6)：23-26.
[75]刘呈坤.静电纺丝技术的研究进展[J].合成纤维工业,2012,35(2)：53-57.
[76]王小梅,黄永安,布宁斌等.静电纺丝制备微纳纤维的形貌表征与影响机理分析[J].科学通报,2012,57(10)：860-866.
[77]Kowalewski T A, Barral S, Kowalczyk T. Modeling electrospinning of nanofibers[C]. Aalborg, Denmark:Springer,2008:279-292.
[78]Iijima S. Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon[J]. Nature,1991,354(6348):56-58
[79]Iijima S, Ichihashi T. Single-shell carbon nanotubes of 1-nm diameter [J]. Nature,1993,363(6430):603-605
[80]Bethune D S.Kiang C H,Devries M S,et al.Cobalt catalysed growth of carbon nanotubes with single atomic layer walls[J].Nature,1993,363(6430):605-607
[81]Calvert P. Nanotube composites:A recipe for strength [J]. Nature,1999,399(6733):210-211.
[82]Lago R M, Tsang S C, Green M LH, et al.Filling carbon nanotubes with small Palladium metal crystallites:the effect of surface acid groups.Chem Commun,1995,7(3):1355-1356
[83]Hiura H, Ebbesen T M, Tanigaki K. Opening and Purification of carbon nanotubes in high yields. Adv mater,1995,7:275-276
[84]Zongpeng Li, Hongtao Guan, Ning Yu,et al.Conjugated Polymer Poly (2-methoxy-5-(3',7'-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene) Modification on Carbon Nanotubes with Assistance of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide:Chemical Interaction, Solubility, and Light Emission[J]J. Phys. Chem. C,2010,114,10119-10125.
[85]Jun Yue, Qun Xu,*Zhiwei Zhang, et al.Periodic Patterning on Carbon Nanotubes: Supercritical CO2-Induced Polyethylene Epitaxy[J].Macromolecules 2007,40,88218826.
[86]Linghao He, Xiaoli Zheng, Qun Xu.Modification of Carbon Nanotubes Using Poly(vinylidene fluoride) with Assistance of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide:The Impact of Solvent.[J].J. Phys. Chem. B 2010,114,5257-5262
[87]ChengWu Hua, Zhimin Chen, Qun Xu,et al.Ring-Banded Spherulites in PCL and PCL/MWCNT Solution-Casting Films and Effect of Compressed CO on them[J]. Journal of Polymer Science:Part B:Polymer Physics,2009(47),784-792.
[88]Ning Yu, Linghao He, Yuanyuan Ren,et al. High-crystallization polyoxymethylene modifi cation on carbon nanotubes with assistance of supercritical carbon dioxide:Molecular interactions and their thermal stability[J]. Polymer,2011(52):472-480
[89]Xiaoli Zheng, Qun Xu.Comparison Study of Morphology and Crystallization Behavior of Polyethylene and Poly(ethylene oxide) on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes.J. Phys. Chem. B 2010,114,9435-9444
[90]Islam M F, Rojas E, Bergey D M, etal.Nano. Lett,2003,3,269
[91]Minoo Naebe, TongLin, WendyTian,et al. Effects of MWNT nanofillers on structures and properties of PVA electrospun nanoflbres[J]. Nanotechnology,2007(18):1-8.
[92]MinooNaebe,TongLin,MarkPStaig,et al..Electrospun Single-walled carbon nanotube/Polyvinyl alcohol composite nanofibers:structure-property relationships[J]. Nanotechnology,2008(19):305702.
[93]马彦龙,王帅,卫英慧,等.静电纺丝制备MWNTs/PVA/PEO复合超细纤维[J].合成纤维工业,2010(4)：24-27.
[94]Min Jee Kim,Jeongwoo Lee, Dongsoo Jung,et al.Electrospun Poly(vinyl alcohol)nanofibers incorating PEGylated multi-wall carbon nanotube[J]. Synthetic Metals,2010(160):1410-1414.
[95]J.S. Jeong, J.S. Moon, S.Y. Jeon, et al. Mechanical properties of electrospun PVA/MWNTs composite nanofibers[J].Thin Solid Films,2007,515:5136-5141
[96]Weiping Zhou, Yulong Wu, Fei Wei, et al. Elastic deformation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in electrospun MWCNTs-PEO and MWCNTs-PVA nanofibers[J]. Polymer,2005,46, 12689-12695.
[97]Enlong Yang, Xiaohong Qin, Shanyuan Wang.Electrospun crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol membrane[J].Materials Letters,2008,62,3555-3557
[98]J.M. Gohil, A. Bhattacharya, P. Ray. Studies On TheCrosslinking Of Poly (vinyl alcohol)[J]. J. Polym. Res.13 (2006) 161-169.
[99]P.J. Flory, Principles of Polymer Chemistry, Cornell Univ Press, New York,1953.
[100]Christina Tang, Carl D. Saquing, Jonathon R. Harding,et al.In Situ Cross-Linking of Electrospun Poly(vinyl alcohol) Nanofibers[J].Macromolecules 2010,43,630-637
[101]Brasch, U.; Burchard, W. Preparation and solution properties of microhydrogels from poly(vinyl alcohol)[J]. Macromol. Chem. Phys.1996,197,223-235
[102]Y.Z. Zhang, J. Venugopal, Z.-M. Huang,et al.Crosslinking of the electrospun gelatin nanofibers[J].Polymer 2006,47,2911-2917.
[103]Li Yao, Thomas W. Haas, Anthony Guiseppi-Elie,et al.Electrospinning and Stabilization of Fully Hydrolyzed Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Fibers[J].Chem. Mater.2003,15,1860-1864.
[104]谢红,卢华,黄华等.载药聚乙烯醇/海藻酸钠静电纺丝纤维的改性及其药物体外释放研究[J].第三军医大学学报,2011,23,2485-2490.
[105]Ji-Hui Lee, Un-Soo Lee, Kwang-Un Jeong, et al.Preparation and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol) nanfibermats crosslinked with blocked isocyanate prepolymer[J].PolymInt 2010; 59:1683-1689.
[106]Yun Ok Kang, In-Soo Yoon, So Young Lee.,et al.Chitosan-Coated Poly(vinyl alcohol) Nanofibers For Wound Dressings. J Biomed Mater Res Part B:Appl Biomater 92B:2010,568-576.
[107]Mark H F, Gayload N G Encyclopedia of polymer science and technology, Vol.14. New York:Wiley,1980.148-170.
[108]R. Babu, J. Zhang, E.J. Beckman, et al. Antimicrobial activities of silver used as a polymerization catalyst for a wound-healing matrix[J]. Biomaterials,2006,27,4304-4314.
[109]S. Link, M.A. El-Sayed, Optical properties and ultrafast dynamics of metallic nanocrystals[J].Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.2003,54,331.
[110]A.G. Saskia. Microwave chemistry[J].Chem. Soc. Rev.1997,26,233-238.
[111]T. Maneerung, S. Tokura, R. Rujiravanit. Impregnation of silver nanoparticles into bacterial cellulose for antimicrobial wound dressing[J]. Carbohydr. Polym.2008,77,43-51.
[112]X. Cui, G. Liu, Y. Lin. Amperometric biosensors based on carbon paste electrodes modified with nanostructured mixed-valence manganese oxides and glucose oxidase[J]. Nanomed. Nanotech. Bio. Med.2005,1,130-135.
[113]K.H. Cho, J.E. Park, T. Osaka, et al. The study of antimicrobialactivity and preservative effects of nanosilver ingredient[J]. Electrochim. Acta,2005; 51:956-960
[114]Y. Wang, Q. Yang, G. Shan, et al. Preparation of silver nanoparticles dispersed in polyacrylonitrile nanofiber film spun by electrospinning[J]. Mater. Lett.2005,59,3046-3049.
[115]Won Keun Son, Ji Ho Youk, Taek Seung Lee,et al.Preparation of Antimicrobial Ultrafine Cellulose Acetate Fibers with Silver Nanoparticles[J].Macromol. Rapid Commun.2004,25,1632-1637.
[116]Yang, Q. B, Li, D. M, Hong, Y. L, Li, et al.Preparation and characterization of a PAN nanofibre containing Ag nanoparticles via electrospinning[J]. Synth. Met.,2003,137:973-974
[117]Wen-Ji Jin, Hyun Jeong Jeon, Jung Hyun Kim, et al. A study on the preparation of poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles[J]. Synthetic Metals 157 (2007) 454
-459.
[118]Z. H. Mbhele, M. G. Salemane,C. G. C. E. van Sittert, et al.Fabrication and Characterization of Silver Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposites[J].Chem. Mater.2003,15,5019-5024.
[119]何典.一维纳米功能材料的静电纺丝制备及其性能研究[D].博士学位论文,合肥：中国科学技术大学,2010.
[120]Nasser A. M. Barakat, Taha E. Farrag, Muzafar A. Kanjwal,et al. Silver Nanofibres by a Novel Electrospinning Process:Nanofibres with Plasmon Resonance in the IR Region and Thermal Hysteresis Electrical Conductivity Features[J].Eur. J. Inorg. Chem.2010,1481-1488.
[121]S.M. Hussian, K.L. Hess, J.M. Gearhart,et al. In vitro toxicity of nanoparticles in BRL 3A rat liver cells[J]. Toxicol In Vitro.2005,19(7):975-983.
[122]L. Braydich-Stolle, S.M. Hussain, J.J. Schlager, et al.In vitro cytotoxicity of nanoparticles in mammalian germline stem cells[J]. Toxicol Sci.2005,88(2):412-419
[123]P.K. Lam, E.S. Chan,W.S. Ho, et al.In vitro cytotoxicity testing of a nanocrystalline silver dressing (Acticoat) on cultured keratinocytes[J].Br. J. Biomed. Sci.2004;61(3):125-7.
[124]V.K.M. Poon, A. Burd.In vitro cytotoxity of silver:implication for clinical wound care[J].Burns,2004,30,140-147.
[125]E. Hidalgo, R. Bartolome, C. Barroso, et al. Silver nitrate:antimicrobial activity related to cytotoxicity in cultured human fibroblasts[J]. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol 1998;11:140-151.
[126]Ja Young Chun, Hyun Ki Kang, Lim Jeong,et al. Epidermal cellular response to poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles [J].Colloids and Surfaces B:Biointerfaces 2010,78,334-342.
[127]Zhimin Chen, Xin Chen, Linli Zheng,et al.A simple and controlled method of preparing uniform Ag midnanoparticles on Tollens-soaked silica spheres.[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 2005,285,146-151.
[128]W. Stober, A. Fink, E. Bohn. Controlled Growth of Monodisperse Silica Spheres in. Micron Size Range[J]. J. Colloid Interface Sci.1968,26,62-69.
[129]N. Koji, Y. Tomonori, I. Kenji,et al. Properties and structure of poly(vinyl alcohol)/silica composites[J]. J. Appl. Polym.Sci.,1999,74,133-138.
[130]Nasser A. M. Barakat, Taha E. Farrag, Muzafar A. Kanjwal, Soo-Jin Park, Faheem A. Sheikh, and Hak Yong Kim. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem.2010,1481-1488.