纳米石墨薄片—聚吡咯导电复合材料的成型性研究
摘要
聚合物基导电复合材料具有质轻、导电性能优良和制造工艺简单以及较低的成本而备受学术界的关注,并已在抗静电、生物传感、波吸收等方面获得了广泛的应用。聚吡咯作为一种具有良好导电性高分子材料,己被应用到许多领域,为了更好的发挥聚吡咯的作用,在聚吡咯中引入无机粒子形成复合材料。这些复合材料的性能不仅是有机、无机性能的简单加和,而且常表现出许多其他优良的性质,扩大了聚吡咯的进一步应用。本论文研究用单体原位聚合插层法制备的纳米石墨薄片/聚吡咯复合材料不仅能使聚吡咯均匀的包覆在纳米石墨薄片上,并且使聚吡咯颗粒接触更加紧密提高其导电性能。但是由于聚苯胺、聚吡咯这类的导电高分子聚合物不溶不熔性使得这些聚合物及其复合物大多都是粉末,成型性很差,限制了他的实用性。因此,当前的发展就是如何使得这些复合物通过简单的工艺成型并能可以投入生产生活中成为能解决实际问题的电子器件。介于当前问题,本论文主要研究纳米石墨纳米薄片-聚吡咯复合材料成型,并且在成型后能够保持化学稳定性和一定的导电性能。这些聚合物的成型可以从改进实验技术如对聚苯胺、聚吡咯改性上使之直接成型,也可以通过在较小影响复合物导电性能的前提下寻找一种成型性能较好的中介材料来辅助成型。后一种方法制备工艺相对于前面两种简单,性能优异。本论文所做的工作就是研究树脂作为力学有机相对纳米石墨薄片-聚吡咯导电复合材料的成型性研究。实验分为三个部分:
第一,用环氧树脂最为力学的有机连续相,对纳米石墨薄片-聚吡咯成型。采用超声、研磨方法制备纳米石墨薄片-聚吡咯/环氧树脂复合材料。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析、傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)分析、热重(TG)分析、四探针测试方法和弯曲强度测试复合材料性能进行了表征。研究发现,纳米石墨薄片-聚吡咯均匀的分散在环氧树脂基体当中。此复合物具有良好的机械加工性能同时还保持一定的导电性能。
第二,为了探讨更加合适的成型条件,着重研究了固化剂在本实验中的作用。研究固化剂种类、用量、固化时间、固化温度等对材料导电性能的影响。研究发现固化剂的种类,用量和固化时间都对材料的导电性能有极大地影响。胺类固化剂对复合物影响最大,相同配比之下,适用胺类固化剂导致复合物没有导电性能,而使用酸酐类固化剂仍会保持一定的导电性能。
第三,为了扩展材料的应用性能,用超声、研磨分散和提拉成膜方法制备纳米石墨薄片-聚吡咯/甲基丙烯酸甲酯-环氧树脂导电薄膜。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析、傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)分析、热重(TG)分析、四探针测试方法复合材料性能进行了表征。研究表明使用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯作为成型基体由于自身的挥发性而不能保持良好的导电能力,并且机械性较差。使用环氧树脂和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯共混作为成型基体不但能保持良好导电性,还制备成了柔韧性能良好的导电复合薄膜。
Polymer conductive composites have excellent mechanical performance of prefeasibility, simple teehnics and low cost, which cause great attention of the academe and have been significantly applied in numerous fields. Polypyrrole polymer materials has been applied to many fields as conductivity. This paper studies in situ polymerization with monomer intercalated legal prepared of nano-graphite flake - polypyrrole intercalative composite material can not only make the polypyrrole intercalative evenly coated in Nano-graphite flake, but also make polypyrrole intercalative particle contact more closely and the conductivity tall. But the infusibility and insolubility of this type of conductive polymers such as polyaniline and polypyrrole makes these polymer and its most complexes are powder, formability is very poor, so its’actual production application is restricted. Therefore, the current development is how to make these complexes through simple process formability and can put into a production which can solve practical problems. For the current problems, mainly from polypyrrole intercalative/graphite nano-compound material formability and maintains its electric conductivity and chemical stability after molding. Make these polymer molding can through improve experiment technology and direct molding from the modification of polyaniline and polypyrrole, and also can through less impact on conductivity of complex. The method of preparation process is more simple and excellent than the front two methods. This thesis work was research on resin as mechanical organic relative nano-graphite flake-polypyrrole intercalative conductive composite formability. The experiment is divided into three sections:
Firstly, we use epoxy as the organic continuous phase of NanoGs-PPy Conductive Composite. NanoGs-PPy/epoxy composites are successfully synthesized with the method of ultrasound and grinding. And then its characterization are investigated in detail by means of such techniques as the analysis of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), flourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), thermo gravimetric(TG) and four probe meter and vibration magnetometer. As the results shown that investment epoxy improve the mechanical properties and keep the excellent electrical conductivity.
Secondly, in order to Search for more appropriate formability conditions, we are focus on the curing agent's role in this experiment. We have been studied the influence of the type of curing agent, dosage, curing time and curing temperature. The results show that the type of curing agent, dosage and curing time have great influence on the electrical properties of this materials.
Thirdly, NanoGs-PPy/ PMMA -Epoxy Consistent conductive film is successfully synthesized with the methods of grind, comeback Pulling film. And then its characterization are investigated in detail by means of such techniques as the analysis of transmission electron microscopy(TEM), scanning electron microscope(SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), thermo gravimetric(TG) and four probe meter and vibration magnetometer. As the results shown that investment epoxy into pmma not only improves the flexibility but also keep the excellent electrical conductivity.
第一,用环氧树脂最为力学的有机连续相,对纳米石墨薄片-聚吡咯成型。采用超声、研磨方法制备纳米石墨薄片-聚吡咯/环氧树脂复合材料。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析、傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)分析、热重(TG)分析、四探针测试方法和弯曲强度测试复合材料性能进行了表征。研究发现,纳米石墨薄片-聚吡咯均匀的分散在环氧树脂基体当中。此复合物具有良好的机械加工性能同时还保持一定的导电性能。
第二,为了探讨更加合适的成型条件,着重研究了固化剂在本实验中的作用。研究固化剂种类、用量、固化时间、固化温度等对材料导电性能的影响。研究发现固化剂的种类,用量和固化时间都对材料的导电性能有极大地影响。胺类固化剂对复合物影响最大,相同配比之下,适用胺类固化剂导致复合物没有导电性能,而使用酸酐类固化剂仍会保持一定的导电性能。
第三,为了扩展材料的应用性能,用超声、研磨分散和提拉成膜方法制备纳米石墨薄片-聚吡咯/甲基丙烯酸甲酯-环氧树脂导电薄膜。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析、傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)分析、热重(TG)分析、四探针测试方法复合材料性能进行了表征。研究表明使用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯作为成型基体由于自身的挥发性而不能保持良好的导电能力,并且机械性较差。使用环氧树脂和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯共混作为成型基体不但能保持良好导电性,还制备成了柔韧性能良好的导电复合薄膜。
Polymer conductive composites have excellent mechanical performance of prefeasibility, simple teehnics and low cost, which cause great attention of the academe and have been significantly applied in numerous fields. Polypyrrole polymer materials has been applied to many fields as conductivity. This paper studies in situ polymerization with monomer intercalated legal prepared of nano-graphite flake - polypyrrole intercalative composite material can not only make the polypyrrole intercalative evenly coated in Nano-graphite flake, but also make polypyrrole intercalative particle contact more closely and the conductivity tall. But the infusibility and insolubility of this type of conductive polymers such as polyaniline and polypyrrole makes these polymer and its most complexes are powder, formability is very poor, so its’actual production application is restricted. Therefore, the current development is how to make these complexes through simple process formability and can put into a production which can solve practical problems. For the current problems, mainly from polypyrrole intercalative/graphite nano-compound material formability and maintains its electric conductivity and chemical stability after molding. Make these polymer molding can through improve experiment technology and direct molding from the modification of polyaniline and polypyrrole, and also can through less impact on conductivity of complex. The method of preparation process is more simple and excellent than the front two methods. This thesis work was research on resin as mechanical organic relative nano-graphite flake-polypyrrole intercalative conductive composite formability. The experiment is divided into three sections:
Firstly, we use epoxy as the organic continuous phase of NanoGs-PPy Conductive Composite. NanoGs-PPy/epoxy composites are successfully synthesized with the method of ultrasound and grinding. And then its characterization are investigated in detail by means of such techniques as the analysis of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), flourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), thermo gravimetric(TG) and four probe meter and vibration magnetometer. As the results shown that investment epoxy improve the mechanical properties and keep the excellent electrical conductivity.
Secondly, in order to Search for more appropriate formability conditions, we are focus on the curing agent's role in this experiment. We have been studied the influence of the type of curing agent, dosage, curing time and curing temperature. The results show that the type of curing agent, dosage and curing time have great influence on the electrical properties of this materials.
Thirdly, NanoGs-PPy/ PMMA -Epoxy Consistent conductive film is successfully synthesized with the methods of grind, comeback Pulling film. And then its characterization are investigated in detail by means of such techniques as the analysis of transmission electron microscopy(TEM), scanning electron microscope(SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), thermo gravimetric(TG) and four probe meter and vibration magnetometer. As the results shown that investment epoxy into pmma not only improves the flexibility but also keep the excellent electrical conductivity.
引文
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