新型抽油机用复合式永磁电机及其驱动系统与检测系统的研究
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摘要
随着我国经济发展的进一步深化,国民经济对能源的依赖度越来越高,而石油是最重要的能源之一。目前,国内油田抽油机装备数量巨大,用电量基数可观,而这些装备大多为传统设备,系统远行效率低下,因此,急需大力开发抽油机节能技术。
高效节能“复合式永磁电机”可以在低速情况下输出大扭矩直接驱动抽油泵进行工作,从而实现电动机对抽油泵的直接驱动模式(直驱式抽油机系统)。由于采用了直接驱动结构方式,取消了中间多级传动机构,使得整机效率大为提高。节能型抽油机的推广应用,具有重要现实意义。
论文的研究工作围绕浙江省重大科技项目“高效节能永磁电机研发”科研课题内容展开,主要研究内容包括:
对复合式永磁电机的结构特点进行研究,采用理论分析与有限元仿真相结合的方法,提出削弱电机齿槽转矩的综合措施,并应用于电机设计。
研究永磁电机的各种驱动控制方法,进行控制性能的Matlab仿真比较,重点实现复合式永磁电机的无速度传感器控制,设计基于DSP的电机调速控制系统。
研制“复合式永磁电机测试系统”,采用虚拟仪器的设计思想,构建电机运行数据实时采集系统,并基于LabVIEW软件开发平台,编写数据处理软件。
测试系统通过权威机构检测,实际应用于复合式永磁电机的性能测试工作。
Nowadays, as the further development of Chinese economy, energy becomes more and more important for the national economy, such as oil. As is known, the quantity of domestic oil pumping equipment is very large, but most of them are the traditional machinery with low efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need to vigorously develop energy-saving technologies for pumping units.
The project developed an energy-efficient composite permanent magnet motor, which can direct-drive the oil pumps at low speed and high torque. Using this direct-drive pumping unit structure, the novel pumping units eliminated the multi-level intermediate transmission mechanism, and improved the efficiency of the overall system. There is an important and practical significance to popularize the energy-efficient pumping units.
As a part of the project, the research tasks of this paper are as follows:
Studied the structural characteristics of composite permanent magnet motor; and then proposed an integrated method to reduce the cogging torque of these motors by a combination of theoretical analysis and 3D finite element simulation.
Compared the control-performance of the various driving methods for permanent magnet motors by Matlab simulation. Achieved speed-sensorless control for the composite permanent magnet motors. Design a DSP-based control system for the permanent magnet motors of the oil-pumping unit independently.
Developed a "Composite permanent magnet motor Testing System" using the design idea of virtual instrument. Construct a real-time data acquisition system to get motor operating parameters. Wrote the data processing software for "testing system" by LabVIEW.
Completed the electrical characteristics test of the composite permanent magnet motor by applying "Composite permanent magnet motor Testing System".
高效节能“复合式永磁电机”可以在低速情况下输出大扭矩直接驱动抽油泵进行工作,从而实现电动机对抽油泵的直接驱动模式(直驱式抽油机系统)。由于采用了直接驱动结构方式,取消了中间多级传动机构,使得整机效率大为提高。节能型抽油机的推广应用,具有重要现实意义。
论文的研究工作围绕浙江省重大科技项目“高效节能永磁电机研发”科研课题内容展开,主要研究内容包括:
对复合式永磁电机的结构特点进行研究,采用理论分析与有限元仿真相结合的方法,提出削弱电机齿槽转矩的综合措施,并应用于电机设计。
研究永磁电机的各种驱动控制方法,进行控制性能的Matlab仿真比较,重点实现复合式永磁电机的无速度传感器控制,设计基于DSP的电机调速控制系统。
研制“复合式永磁电机测试系统”,采用虚拟仪器的设计思想,构建电机运行数据实时采集系统,并基于LabVIEW软件开发平台,编写数据处理软件。
测试系统通过权威机构检测,实际应用于复合式永磁电机的性能测试工作。
Nowadays, as the further development of Chinese economy, energy becomes more and more important for the national economy, such as oil. As is known, the quantity of domestic oil pumping equipment is very large, but most of them are the traditional machinery with low efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need to vigorously develop energy-saving technologies for pumping units.
The project developed an energy-efficient composite permanent magnet motor, which can direct-drive the oil pumps at low speed and high torque. Using this direct-drive pumping unit structure, the novel pumping units eliminated the multi-level intermediate transmission mechanism, and improved the efficiency of the overall system. There is an important and practical significance to popularize the energy-efficient pumping units.
As a part of the project, the research tasks of this paper are as follows:
Studied the structural characteristics of composite permanent magnet motor; and then proposed an integrated method to reduce the cogging torque of these motors by a combination of theoretical analysis and 3D finite element simulation.
Compared the control-performance of the various driving methods for permanent magnet motors by Matlab simulation. Achieved speed-sensorless control for the composite permanent magnet motors. Design a DSP-based control system for the permanent magnet motors of the oil-pumping unit independently.
Developed a "Composite permanent magnet motor Testing System" using the design idea of virtual instrument. Construct a real-time data acquisition system to get motor operating parameters. Wrote the data processing software for "testing system" by LabVIEW.
Completed the electrical characteristics test of the composite permanent magnet motor by applying "Composite permanent magnet motor Testing System".
引文
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[2]张清林.抽油机的现状、发展方向及其节能技术的探索.科技创新导报,2008,1(2):97
[3]姜昕,张文东.常规抽油机的节能改造技术.机械,2005,32(增):175
[4]苏德胜,刘先刚,吕卫祥等.游梁式抽油机节能机理综述.石油机械,2001,29(5):49-53
[5]董世红.大庆油田节能抽油机的发展趋势.油气田地面工程,2009,28(6):94
[6]Lu.Q.F,Fan.C.Z,Ye.Y.Y,et al.A high torque density permanent magnet motor for oil pumping unit.Journal of Applied Physics,2008,103(7):108-111
[7]Suming Xiong,Bingzhong Yang,Guangzheng Ni.Starting performance analysis of three-phase capacitor motor for beam pumping unit.ICEMS 2008,Wuhan,2008.Journal of Applied Physics,2009:3489-3492
[8]Fujin Li,Jianguo Shi.Research of Reactive Power Dynamic Compensation Controller for Oil-field Motor.ICARCV '06,Singapore,2006.Control,Automation,Robotics and Vision,2007:1-4
[9]薄保中,苏彦民.抽油机电机的调压节能.油气田地面工程,2000,19(6):56-58
[10]王德清.抽油机节能箱节能原理与实现.胜利油田职工大学学报,2000,14(4):26-28
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[12]刘学成,郭培彬.抽油机专用变频器在抽油机节能改造中的应用.变频器世界,2005,10(1):73-75
[13]萧南平.游梁式抽油机节能新途径和节能蓄能器.石油机械,1996,24(7):36-37
[14]邹振春,邓立新,王艳华.游梁式抽油机节能技术及最新进展.承德石油高等专科学校学报,2005,7(1):16-19
[15]陈颖峰,甄玉杰.游梁式抽油机节能技术电气控制系统.仪表技术与传感器,2007,1(7):66-67
[16]Ding Bao,Tang Hai-yan,Qi Wei-gui.Research on FNN Energy Saving Control for Light Load Oil Well with Intermittent Oil Extraction.Communications,Circuits and Systems Proceedings,Guilin.2006:2034-2037
[17]唐任远.稀土永磁电机的关键技术与高性能电机开发.沈阳工业大学学报,2005,27(2):162-170
[18]彭龙,张怀武,宋远强等.永磁材料在电机中的应用现况分析.新材料产业,2006,11:30-33
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[21]彭龙,徐光亮,张明等.纳米复合永磁材料的研究进展.磁性材料及器件,2006,4:5-8
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[23]伍尚南,肖方明,唐仁衡.我国稀土永磁材料的发展和需求分析.广东有色金属学报,2006,16(4):275-279
[24]孙绪新,周寿增.稀土永磁电机的开发与应用.磁性材料及器件,2005,36(5):22-24
[25]唐任远.现在永磁电机·理论与设计.北京:机械工业出版社,1997
[26]王秀和.永磁电机.北京:中国电力出版社,2007
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[29]解竹青,张继松.稀土永磁材料在微电机中的应用.电子元器件应用,2005,7(3):22-25
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