桂林市自来水公司发展环境与发展对策研究
摘要
在市场竞争条件下，企业进行战略管理，是非常必要的。通过战略的分析、
制定到实施的一系列管理和决策，使企业明确目标和方向，以最有效的手段配置
资源，努力寻求自身条件与外部环境的协调，使企业得以生存和发展。
供水企业身处一个特殊的行业，关系国计民生。国家供水产业政策调整后，
供水企业立即面临供水市场的竞争，甚至直接与国际大型水务集团竞争，这对于
长期置身于计划管理体制之下的供水企业是一个非常严峻的挑战，企业必须更新
思想观念和经营思路，对企业的组织机构、人力资源、市场、价格、利润等各方
面进行一次全面的重新思考和评价，认清企业外部经营环境变化带来的机遇和威
胁，了解企业自身的优势和劣势，制定正确的战略，发挥优势，调整劣势，把握
机遇，战胜困难和挑战，使企业在竞争中胜出，并实现做大做强。
本文根据全国供水行业的总体趋势，针对桂林市自来水公司这一具体供水企
业进行了企业外部环境分析和内部条件分析，并利用SWOT分析法进行了企业优
势和劣势、机遇和威胁的比较，得出桂林市自来水公司存在的问题主要是：企业
缺乏获取利润的直接动力；企业未来的发展空间有限；企业整体竞争意识薄弱；
企业的融资优势未得到发挥。建议桂林市自来水公司采取以下战略：第一，以水
为本，把企业做强。第二，加强服务，树立良好的公众形象。第三，实施多元化
战略，把企业做大。第四，推进资产多元化和投资主体多元化。第五，进行制度
改革、调整，保证各项战略的实现。
It's necessary for enterprise doing strategy management when market compete is taking. Enterprise cin get the definite goal and situation through series management and decision of strategy analyse Strategy making and strategy carrying out;It can also get existing and development,Using the effective means to arrange resources and exploring hard to get the harmonize between self-condition and outside circumstance.
Water supply enterprise stations a special trade, It has something to do with the fate of countries and people. Water snpply enterprise is at once faced with the competition of water supply market when national water supply estate policy is adjusting,It will even face the competition with lange-scale international water supply bloc,it will be a very severe challenge to the water supply enterprise who always stations under the planned economy management system. Enterprise must renew the ideological views and the train of thoughts of operation and must think and appraise overall again about the organized system manpowerresource market price profit etc of the enterprise;It must also know the chance and dangers which is brought from the changes of operation outside environment and must understand the superiority and inferiority of enterprise itself,then makes correct strategy sets out superiority. adjusts inferiority fixes favourable opportunity and defeats difficulty and challenge,so the enterprise and win the
victory in competition and get larger and stronger.
The article has analysed the outside environment and inside condition of enterprise; According to the general tendency of water supply trade of whole country and aiming at the concrete goal- GuiLin Water Supply Company.It has also used the idea of SWOT analyse to compare the superiority with the inferiority of the enterprise the favourable opportunity with the danger of the enterprise, then gets the main problems is:The enterprise lakes to obtain the direct motive of the profits;The development space of the enterprise is limited;Competition consciousness in the enterprise is weak;The enterprise's financing advantage did not gets to develop.The strategy will suggest to be
taken:First,basing on water,made the enterprise stronger.The second,enhance the service,and set up the good and public image.The third,developing many entities,made
the enterprise bigger.Property diversification of the fourth,propulsion and invest the corpus the diversification.The fifth,innovation the old systems,and made the strategy come true.
制定到实施的一系列管理和决策，使企业明确目标和方向，以最有效的手段配置
资源，努力寻求自身条件与外部环境的协调，使企业得以生存和发展。
供水企业身处一个特殊的行业，关系国计民生。国家供水产业政策调整后，
供水企业立即面临供水市场的竞争，甚至直接与国际大型水务集团竞争，这对于
长期置身于计划管理体制之下的供水企业是一个非常严峻的挑战，企业必须更新
思想观念和经营思路，对企业的组织机构、人力资源、市场、价格、利润等各方
面进行一次全面的重新思考和评价，认清企业外部经营环境变化带来的机遇和威
胁，了解企业自身的优势和劣势，制定正确的战略，发挥优势，调整劣势，把握
机遇，战胜困难和挑战，使企业在竞争中胜出，并实现做大做强。
本文根据全国供水行业的总体趋势，针对桂林市自来水公司这一具体供水企
业进行了企业外部环境分析和内部条件分析，并利用SWOT分析法进行了企业优
势和劣势、机遇和威胁的比较，得出桂林市自来水公司存在的问题主要是：企业
缺乏获取利润的直接动力；企业未来的发展空间有限；企业整体竞争意识薄弱；
企业的融资优势未得到发挥。建议桂林市自来水公司采取以下战略：第一，以水
为本，把企业做强。第二，加强服务，树立良好的公众形象。第三，实施多元化
战略，把企业做大。第四，推进资产多元化和投资主体多元化。第五，进行制度
改革、调整，保证各项战略的实现。
It's necessary for enterprise doing strategy management when market compete is taking. Enterprise cin get the definite goal and situation through series management and decision of strategy analyse Strategy making and strategy carrying out;It can also get existing and development,Using the effective means to arrange resources and exploring hard to get the harmonize between self-condition and outside circumstance.
Water supply enterprise stations a special trade, It has something to do with the fate of countries and people. Water snpply enterprise is at once faced with the competition of water supply market when national water supply estate policy is adjusting,It will even face the competition with lange-scale international water supply bloc,it will be a very severe challenge to the water supply enterprise who always stations under the planned economy management system. Enterprise must renew the ideological views and the train of thoughts of operation and must think and appraise overall again about the organized system manpowerresource market price profit etc of the enterprise;It must also know the chance and dangers which is brought from the changes of operation outside environment and must understand the superiority and inferiority of enterprise itself,then makes correct strategy sets out superiority. adjusts inferiority fixes favourable opportunity and defeats difficulty and challenge,so the enterprise and win the
victory in competition and get larger and stronger.
The article has analysed the outside environment and inside condition of enterprise; According to the general tendency of water supply trade of whole country and aiming at the concrete goal- GuiLin Water Supply Company.It has also used the idea of SWOT analyse to compare the superiority with the inferiority of the enterprise the favourable opportunity with the danger of the enterprise, then gets the main problems is:The enterprise lakes to obtain the direct motive of the profits;The development space of the enterprise is limited;Competition consciousness in the enterprise is weak;The enterprise's financing advantage did not gets to develop.The strategy will suggest to be
taken:First,basing on water,made the enterprise stronger.The second,enhance the service,and set up the good and public image.The third,developing many entities,made
the enterprise bigger.Property diversification of the fourth,propulsion and invest the corpus the diversification.The fifth,innovation the old systems,and made the strategy come true.
引文
[1] 蒋运通．企业经营战略管理．北京：企业管理出版社，1996
[2] John Kay. Foundations For Corporate Success:How Business Strategies Add Value. Oxford University Press, 1993
[3] M.E.Porter. Competitive Advantage. New York: Free Press, 1985
[4] Gerry Johnson & Kevan Schooles. Expioring Corporate Strategy fifth Edition. Prentice Hall Europe, 1999
[5] G.Johnson & Kevan Schools. Exploring Corporate Strategy,5th Edition. Prentice Hall Europe, 1999
[6] V.Ambrosini,G.Johnson and K.Schools. Exploring Techniques of Analysis and Evaluation in Strategic Management. Prentice Hall, 1998
[7] G.Johnson. Rethinking Incrementalism. Strategic Management Journal.Vol.1988, (9) , 1: 253-276
[8] [英]伊格．安索夫．公司战略．伦敦：企鹅出版社，1983
[9] H.Mintzberg,J.Quinn and S.Ghoshal(eds). The Strategy Process:Concepts,Contexts and Cases,4th Edition,Prentice Hall, 1998
[10] 刘冀生．企业经营战略．北京：清华大学出版社，1995
[11] 徐二明．企业战略管理．北京：中国经济出版社，1998
[12] [英]格里．约翰逊 凯万．斯科尔斯著．金占明 贾秀梅译．公司战略教程．北京： 华夏出版社，1998
[13] 晏智杰．西方市场经济理论史．上海：商务印书馆，1999
[14] 刘振兴，谢永全．外资为何对中国公共水务市场大感兴趣．供水企业国际化标 准管理实用全书．北京：中国环境科学出版社，2002
[15] 刘振兴，谢永全．外资为何对中国公共水务市场大感兴趣．供水企业国际化标 准管理实用全书．北京：中国环境科学出版社，2002
[16] 刘振兴等．中国城市供水市场将形成多元化竞争格局．供水企业国际化标准实 用全书．北京：中国环境科学出版社，2002
[17] 刘振兴等．中国城市供水市场将形成多元化竞争格局．供水企业国际化标准实 用全书．北京：中国环境科学出版社，2002
[18] 沈则瑾．“洋水务”激活上海浦“水市场”．中国供水节水，2002，(1133) ：1
[19] M.E.Porter. Competitive Advantage. Free Press, 1985
[20] M.E.Porter. Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitions. Free Press,1980
[21] Sally Dibb,Lyndon Simkin and Willian M.Pride. Marketing Concepts and Strategies. 2nd Europ Edition, Boston: Houghtio Mifflin,1944
[22] David J.Schwartz. Marketing Yoday. New York: Harcourt Barce Jovanovich, 3rd Edition, 1973, 9
[23] Wang Ge-Fei. Business Planning for Vodafone Air Touch.Liverpool:Liverpool Business School,Liverpool JM University, 2000
[24] 张承江 章熙骏．2002年桂林市国民经济和社会发展报告．桂林市发展计划委 员会，2002
[25] 城市供水水质标准，城市供水水质标准分级实施标准．中国城镇供水协 会，2002
[26] John W.Vaughan. MBA Course Lecture in Managing Finance.Liverpool Business School,Liverpool JM University, 1999
[27] [美]罗伯特．格兰特著．胡挺 张海峰译．公司战略管理．北京：光明日报出版 社，2001
[28] 杨东龙．500种最有效的管理工具．北京：中国经济出版社，2002
[29] Gefei Wang. International Business Strategy.Liaoning Education Press,January 2001
[30] 关于进一步加快我区城市基础设施建设的意见．广西壮族自治区人民政 府，2002
[31] [英]格里．约翰逊 凯万．斯科尔斯著．金占明 贾秀梅译．公司战略教程．北 京：华夏出版社，1998
[32] 孙文章等．1999年城市供水综合指标．城市供水统计年鉴(2000年)．北京： 中国城镇供水协会，2000
[33] 孙文章等． 1999年城市供水企业财务、成本、效益与价格．城市供水统计年 鉴(2000年)．北京：中国城镇供水协会，2000
[34] 孙文章等．2000年城市供水综合指标．城市供水统计年鉴(2001年)．北京： 中国城镇供水协会，2001
[35] 孙文章等．2000年城市供水企业财务、成本、效益与价格．城市供水统计年 鉴(2001年)．北京：中国城镇供水协会，2001
[36] 董德俊．走进市场天地宽--沈阳供水企业走市场化之路纪实．中国供水节 水，2002(1149) ：1
[37] 黄艳君．改制带来生机赢得发展空间-广东清远水司改制纪实一、二．中 国供水节水，2002，(1148) ：1
[38] 骆黎斌．多元经营为框架 定位准确路子新-北京自来水集团多元化经营三 年纪实．中国供水节水，2002，(1153) ：1
[39] 张嘉毅．转变观念 勇于开拓-上海供水行业三年改革实践综述．中国供水 节水，2002，(1122) ：1
[40] 刘振兴等． 洋水务抢滩中国市场．供水企业国际化标准管理实用全书．北京： 中国环境科学出版社，2002
[41] 张军．清醒头脑看水务市场开放．中国供水节水，2002，(1140) ：1
[42] 黄添元．创新深圳水务的思考．中国供水节水，2002，(1123) ：1
[43] 吴泽元．城镇国有中小型供水企业股份制改造的思考．中国供水节水，2002， (1133) ：2
[44] M.E.Porter. Competitive Advantagy. Free Press, 1985
[45] Amit.R and J.Livnat,"Diversification and the Risk-Return Trade-off, Academy of Management 1988a ,Journal,(31) :154-166
[46] Bacharach,S.B. "Organization Theories:Some Criteria for Evaluation",Academy of Management Review, 1989,(14) :495-515
[2] John Kay. Foundations For Corporate Success:How Business Strategies Add Value. Oxford University Press, 1993
[3] M.E.Porter. Competitive Advantage. New York: Free Press, 1985
[4] Gerry Johnson & Kevan Schooles. Expioring Corporate Strategy fifth Edition. Prentice Hall Europe, 1999
[5] G.Johnson & Kevan Schools. Exploring Corporate Strategy,5th Edition. Prentice Hall Europe, 1999
[6] V.Ambrosini,G.Johnson and K.Schools. Exploring Techniques of Analysis and Evaluation in Strategic Management. Prentice Hall, 1998
[7] G.Johnson. Rethinking Incrementalism. Strategic Management Journal.Vol.1988, (9) , 1: 253-276
[8] [英]伊格．安索夫．公司战略．伦敦：企鹅出版社，1983
[9] H.Mintzberg,J.Quinn and S.Ghoshal(eds). The Strategy Process:Concepts,Contexts and Cases,4th Edition,Prentice Hall, 1998
[10] 刘冀生．企业经营战略．北京：清华大学出版社，1995
[11] 徐二明．企业战略管理．北京：中国经济出版社，1998
[12] [英]格里．约翰逊 凯万．斯科尔斯著．金占明 贾秀梅译．公司战略教程．北京： 华夏出版社，1998
[13] 晏智杰．西方市场经济理论史．上海：商务印书馆，1999
[14] 刘振兴，谢永全．外资为何对中国公共水务市场大感兴趣．供水企业国际化标 准管理实用全书．北京：中国环境科学出版社，2002
[15] 刘振兴，谢永全．外资为何对中国公共水务市场大感兴趣．供水企业国际化标 准管理实用全书．北京：中国环境科学出版社，2002
[16] 刘振兴等．中国城市供水市场将形成多元化竞争格局．供水企业国际化标准实 用全书．北京：中国环境科学出版社，2002
[17] 刘振兴等．中国城市供水市场将形成多元化竞争格局．供水企业国际化标准实 用全书．北京：中国环境科学出版社，2002
[18] 沈则瑾．“洋水务”激活上海浦“水市场”．中国供水节水，2002，(1133) ：1
[19] M.E.Porter. Competitive Advantage. Free Press, 1985
[20] M.E.Porter. Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitions. Free Press,1980
[21] Sally Dibb,Lyndon Simkin and Willian M.Pride. Marketing Concepts and Strategies. 2nd Europ Edition, Boston: Houghtio Mifflin,1944
[22] David J.Schwartz. Marketing Yoday. New York: Harcourt Barce Jovanovich, 3rd Edition, 1973, 9
[23] Wang Ge-Fei. Business Planning for Vodafone Air Touch.Liverpool:Liverpool Business School,Liverpool JM University, 2000
[24] 张承江 章熙骏．2002年桂林市国民经济和社会发展报告．桂林市发展计划委 员会，2002
[25] 城市供水水质标准，城市供水水质标准分级实施标准．中国城镇供水协 会，2002
[26] John W.Vaughan. MBA Course Lecture in Managing Finance.Liverpool Business School,Liverpool JM University, 1999
[27] [美]罗伯特．格兰特著．胡挺 张海峰译．公司战略管理．北京：光明日报出版 社，2001
[28] 杨东龙．500种最有效的管理工具．北京：中国经济出版社，2002
[29] Gefei Wang. International Business Strategy.Liaoning Education Press,January 2001
[30] 关于进一步加快我区城市基础设施建设的意见．广西壮族自治区人民政 府，2002
[31] [英]格里．约翰逊 凯万．斯科尔斯著．金占明 贾秀梅译．公司战略教程．北 京：华夏出版社，1998
[32] 孙文章等．1999年城市供水综合指标．城市供水统计年鉴(2000年)．北京： 中国城镇供水协会，2000
[33] 孙文章等． 1999年城市供水企业财务、成本、效益与价格．城市供水统计年 鉴(2000年)．北京：中国城镇供水协会，2000
[34] 孙文章等．2000年城市供水综合指标．城市供水统计年鉴(2001年)．北京： 中国城镇供水协会，2001
[35] 孙文章等．2000年城市供水企业财务、成本、效益与价格．城市供水统计年 鉴(2001年)．北京：中国城镇供水协会，2001
[36] 董德俊．走进市场天地宽--沈阳供水企业走市场化之路纪实．中国供水节 水，2002(1149) ：1
[37] 黄艳君．改制带来生机赢得发展空间-广东清远水司改制纪实一、二．中 国供水节水，2002，(1148) ：1
[38] 骆黎斌．多元经营为框架 定位准确路子新-北京自来水集团多元化经营三 年纪实．中国供水节水，2002，(1153) ：1
[39] 张嘉毅．转变观念 勇于开拓-上海供水行业三年改革实践综述．中国供水 节水，2002，(1122) ：1
[40] 刘振兴等． 洋水务抢滩中国市场．供水企业国际化标准管理实用全书．北京： 中国环境科学出版社，2002
[41] 张军．清醒头脑看水务市场开放．中国供水节水，2002，(1140) ：1
[42] 黄添元．创新深圳水务的思考．中国供水节水，2002，(1123) ：1
[43] 吴泽元．城镇国有中小型供水企业股份制改造的思考．中国供水节水，2002， (1133) ：2
[44] M.E.Porter. Competitive Advantagy. Free Press, 1985
[45] Amit.R and J.Livnat,"Diversification and the Risk-Return Trade-off, Academy of Management 1988a ,Journal,(31) :154-166
[46] Bacharach,S.B. "Organization Theories:Some Criteria for Evaluation",Academy of Management Review, 1989,(14) :495-515