有害入侵植物飞机草入侵机理与控制研究
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摘要
本文运用资源生态学、群落生态学、种群生态学、生殖生态学、生理生态学、行为生态学的研究方法对海南省有害入侵植物飞机草的入侵机理与控制进行了研究。
本文从群落生态学的角度，对海南省飞机草所在的典型群落的群落环境、群落特征、分布特点、群落生活型谱进行了研究；从种群生态学的角度，运用离散分布模型、聚集强度指数、分析几何等分析手段，对海南省飞机草所在典型群落间的空间分布格局、年龄结构、生殖配置等进行了分析；从个体生态学的角度，对飞机草种子的散落特点、种子发芽率和千粒重等特点及飞机草的器官生物量特点进行了研究；从生殖生态学的角度，对飞机草发育过程中的花受精和发育先后规律特征进行了研究；从生理生态学的角度，对飞机草不同生境、不同生长部位、不同发育时期的特征进行了研究；从资源生态学的角度，对海南省飞机草次生代谢产物合成与环境的关系进行了研究；从行为生态学的角度，对飞机草的智能进行了研究，揭示了飞机草入侵的智能化特点。
在对海南省飞机草的形态分类和分布特点、所在典型群落特点、种群特性、个体特性等方面进行定性和定量的分析基础上，发现了飞机草的入侵机理，在科学分析的基础上，提出了对飞机草入侵进行综合治理与防治的合理化建议。
Both of the qualitative and quantitative analysis methods and theory of resources ecology, conservation biology, geobotany, synecology, population ecology and autoecology were used in this thesis to investigate synthetically the species of Camptotheca acuminata, which distributes and was planted artificially in Yangtse rive drainage area and south of this region.
From the point of view of geobotany, with the method of correlative factors of growth of plants, a countrywide theoretic ecological division was done for the introduction of Camptotheca acuminata and three kinds of areas of ecological preferent zone, ecological adaptive zone and ecological unadaptable zone were divided. With the theory of synecology, the characteristic on environment, constitution, life form spectrum , diversity, similarity of plots of communities were researched. Applying the method of species association, discrete distribution, indensity index, fractal geometry, etc. to research relations between the species of the communities, space distribution of Camptotheca acuminata, structure of age of Camptotheca acuminata, in different communities. Using the theories of autoecology, distibutons of seeds on land and growth of seedlings in vertical and horizontal directions, biomass of organ of Camptotheca acuminata were analyzed. On the opinions of conservation biology, the external and internal factors impressing Camptotheca acuminata were analyzed to research the mechanism of the endangered species, and with using of CTM Model, the future development direction of Camptotheca acuminata in different communities were forecasted, and . Standing on the position of resources ecology, discussing the regularity of camptothein (CPT) in Camptotheca acuminata of different sites and seeding of different resources, also the the derive technics of camptothecin.
To sum up, through the analysis on characteristics of morphological, taxa, distibution, communities in which Camptotheca acuminata lived, population and individual, the endangered mechanism was given in this thesis. Wild Camptotheca acuminata was evaluated in international and internal criterions of endangered species. The total biomass in wild, the economic biomass and maximal annual harvest biomass of artificial Camptotheca acuminata in China were estimated. The future of the wild population of different communities was forecasted and some reasonable suggestion derived from the research were table a proposal for the conservation of Camptotheca acuminata.
本文从群落生态学的角度，对海南省飞机草所在的典型群落的群落环境、群落特征、分布特点、群落生活型谱进行了研究；从种群生态学的角度，运用离散分布模型、聚集强度指数、分析几何等分析手段，对海南省飞机草所在典型群落间的空间分布格局、年龄结构、生殖配置等进行了分析；从个体生态学的角度，对飞机草种子的散落特点、种子发芽率和千粒重等特点及飞机草的器官生物量特点进行了研究；从生殖生态学的角度，对飞机草发育过程中的花受精和发育先后规律特征进行了研究；从生理生态学的角度，对飞机草不同生境、不同生长部位、不同发育时期的特征进行了研究；从资源生态学的角度，对海南省飞机草次生代谢产物合成与环境的关系进行了研究；从行为生态学的角度，对飞机草的智能进行了研究，揭示了飞机草入侵的智能化特点。
在对海南省飞机草的形态分类和分布特点、所在典型群落特点、种群特性、个体特性等方面进行定性和定量的分析基础上，发现了飞机草的入侵机理，在科学分析的基础上，提出了对飞机草入侵进行综合治理与防治的合理化建议。
Both of the qualitative and quantitative analysis methods and theory of resources ecology, conservation biology, geobotany, synecology, population ecology and autoecology were used in this thesis to investigate synthetically the species of Camptotheca acuminata, which distributes and was planted artificially in Yangtse rive drainage area and south of this region.
From the point of view of geobotany, with the method of correlative factors of growth of plants, a countrywide theoretic ecological division was done for the introduction of Camptotheca acuminata and three kinds of areas of ecological preferent zone, ecological adaptive zone and ecological unadaptable zone were divided. With the theory of synecology, the characteristic on environment, constitution, life form spectrum , diversity, similarity of plots of communities were researched. Applying the method of species association, discrete distribution, indensity index, fractal geometry, etc. to research relations between the species of the communities, space distribution of Camptotheca acuminata, structure of age of Camptotheca acuminata, in different communities. Using the theories of autoecology, distibutons of seeds on land and growth of seedlings in vertical and horizontal directions, biomass of organ of Camptotheca acuminata were analyzed. On the opinions of conservation biology, the external and internal factors impressing Camptotheca acuminata were analyzed to research the mechanism of the endangered species, and with using of CTM Model, the future development direction of Camptotheca acuminata in different communities were forecasted, and . Standing on the position of resources ecology, discussing the regularity of camptothein (CPT) in Camptotheca acuminata of different sites and seeding of different resources, also the the derive technics of camptothecin.
To sum up, through the analysis on characteristics of morphological, taxa, distibution, communities in which Camptotheca acuminata lived, population and individual, the endangered mechanism was given in this thesis. Wild Camptotheca acuminata was evaluated in international and internal criterions of endangered species. The total biomass in wild, the economic biomass and maximal annual harvest biomass of artificial Camptotheca acuminata in China were estimated. The future of the wild population of different communities was forecasted and some reasonable suggestion derived from the research were table a proposal for the conservation of Camptotheca acuminata.
引文
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