基于实例的汽车关键零部件设计系统研究与应用
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摘要
目前汽车的关键零部件绝大多数由跨国汽车零部件巨头提供,中国的企业要想进入国际汽车零部件采购体系,必须在关键汽车零部件领域要逐渐形成系统级开发能力,在一般汽车零部件领域要形成先进的产品开发和制造能力以满足国内外市场的需要。
产品实例设计知识作为企业产品设计知识的一个重要组成部分,是企业宝贵的财富,对实例设计知识进行有效的重用可以促进企业充分利用现有的设计资源、提高产品设计的质量和效率。本文针对产品实例设计过程中所涉及的实例设计知识的表达、实例的检索、修改进行了深入研究。
首先,本文对分析了产品的设计过程,同时结合基于实例推理技术对基于实例推理的产品设计方法做了探讨,然后结合框架表示法和面向对象的表示法对实例设计知识进行表示;其次对实例的检索策略和检索算法进行了比较深入的研究,同时结合最近相邻策略对实例相似度算法进行了研究。最后把基于实例的设计技术和UG二次开发技术相结合开发了基于实例的汽车关键零部件设计系统。事实证明论文提出的基于实例的产品设计理论符合当前中国汽车零部件企业的实际需求,为增强企业的产品研发能力和缩短新产品的开发时间进有较大的促进作用。
Nowadays,the cross-border automobile components tycoon companies have dominated the market of key automobile components. If Chinese automobile components enterprises wanted to enter the international automobile components' buying system,they would gradually form the systematic developing capacity in the key automobile components field and advanced developing and creating capacity of products in general automobile components field,in order to meet the needs from the internal and external markets.
The case knowledge on product design,as an important part of product design knowledge of the enterprises,is the treasure of enterprises. The efficient reusing of the case knowledge can urge enterprises to make full use of the present designing resources and improve the quality and efficiency of product design. This paper has focused on the case representation,case retrieval and modification of the product case design,and it has done a deep research on it .
First, this paper has researched on the case-based product design method, expressing the case knowledge with the combination of framework representation and object-oriented knowledge representation .Then, it's done a deeper research on the case retrieval and algorithm as well as the similarity algorithm based on the nearest-neighbor method. Finally, it's combined CBD method and technology of Secondary Development on UG to develop a CBD system on designing automobile key components. Facts have proved that CBD theory meets the piratical needs of the present Chinese automobile components enterprises, and it's made a great contribution to increasing the developing capacity on products and shortening the developing time of new products of enterprises.
产品实例设计知识作为企业产品设计知识的一个重要组成部分,是企业宝贵的财富,对实例设计知识进行有效的重用可以促进企业充分利用现有的设计资源、提高产品设计的质量和效率。本文针对产品实例设计过程中所涉及的实例设计知识的表达、实例的检索、修改进行了深入研究。
首先,本文对分析了产品的设计过程,同时结合基于实例推理技术对基于实例推理的产品设计方法做了探讨,然后结合框架表示法和面向对象的表示法对实例设计知识进行表示;其次对实例的检索策略和检索算法进行了比较深入的研究,同时结合最近相邻策略对实例相似度算法进行了研究。最后把基于实例的设计技术和UG二次开发技术相结合开发了基于实例的汽车关键零部件设计系统。事实证明论文提出的基于实例的产品设计理论符合当前中国汽车零部件企业的实际需求,为增强企业的产品研发能力和缩短新产品的开发时间进有较大的促进作用。
Nowadays,the cross-border automobile components tycoon companies have dominated the market of key automobile components. If Chinese automobile components enterprises wanted to enter the international automobile components' buying system,they would gradually form the systematic developing capacity in the key automobile components field and advanced developing and creating capacity of products in general automobile components field,in order to meet the needs from the internal and external markets.
The case knowledge on product design,as an important part of product design knowledge of the enterprises,is the treasure of enterprises. The efficient reusing of the case knowledge can urge enterprises to make full use of the present designing resources and improve the quality and efficiency of product design. This paper has focused on the case representation,case retrieval and modification of the product case design,and it has done a deep research on it .
First, this paper has researched on the case-based product design method, expressing the case knowledge with the combination of framework representation and object-oriented knowledge representation .Then, it's done a deeper research on the case retrieval and algorithm as well as the similarity algorithm based on the nearest-neighbor method. Finally, it's combined CBD method and technology of Secondary Development on UG to develop a CBD system on designing automobile key components. Facts have proved that CBD theory meets the piratical needs of the present Chinese automobile components enterprises, and it's made a great contribution to increasing the developing capacity on products and shortening the developing time of new products of enterprises.
引文
[1] 2006中国汽车零部件行业分析及投资咨询报告.http://www.ocn.com.cn.
[2] 2007中国汽车零部件行业分析及投资咨询报告. http://www.askci.com.
[3]周济,查建中.肖人彬,<<智能设计>>[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1998.
[4]江力,孙守迁,何志均.《智能化产品变形设计支持系统模型研究及应用》[J].工程设计,1997(3):14~19.
[5]杨海成,廖文和.《基于知识的三维CAD技术及应用》[M].北京:科学技术出版社,2005.2.
[6]孙晓斌.基于实例知识的设计模型研究[D].西北工业大学博士学位论文.
[7] KolodnerJ L . Case-Base Reasoning .Morgan Kaufmannn,1993.
[8]凌卫青.基于性能的现代产品设计知识资源服务体系研究[D].西安交通大学博士论文,2002.5.
[9] R. Schank. Dynamic Memory Cambridge University Press,1982:128-132.
[10] KolodnerJ L . Case-Base Reasoning .Morgan Kaufmannn,1993.
[11]史忠植、尹超、叶世伟.一种支持时间序列数据的CBR检索算法[J],智能系统学报,2007.2.
[12]周涵,史忠植.石油产品设计系统的形式模型及问题求解策略[J],石油学报,1994.10.
[13]吴家洲,杨叔子.基于实例推理的齿轮快速设计CAD系统研究. [J],机械,2002.
[14]机械设计手册.北京.机械工业出版社.2001.9.
[15]董益亮.基于知识的产品变型设计技术及其实例化研究[D].重庆大学博士学位论文.2003.4.
[16]欧阳渺安.智能设计系统的结构研究[J].计算机工程与科学,1999,21(2).
[17]曾芬芬,景旭文.《智能制造概论》[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000.
[18] Waton I &Perera S.《Case-Based Design:A Rebiew and Analysis of Building Design Applications》.AIEDAM,1997(11):341~345 Dubizky et al.《An Advanced Case-KnowledgeArchitecture Based on Fuzzy Objects》.Applied Intelligence,1997,7(3):34~37
[19] Watson I & Perera S .《Case-based Design: A Review and Analysis of Building Design Applications》.AIEDAN, 1997(11):341-345.
[20]杨海成,廖文和.《基于知识的三维CAD技术及应用》[M].北京:科学技术出版社,2005.
[21]周馨,郭海英,钟延修.CBR技术及其在CAD中的应用[J].机械设计,2002,11:4～6.
[22] Gavin Finnie, Zhaohao Sun.R5 model for case-based reasoning. Knowledge-based systems[J].2003,161(1),PP.59～65.
[23] Zhou Meili. Principles and pracaioces of similarity system theory. International Journal ofGeneral System,1994,23(1):39～48.
[24] Zhou Meili. Formation principles of similar systems. Journal of System Science and System Engineering, 1996,5(3):281～286.
[25]李陶深.《人工智能》[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2002.
[26]吴翔,李刚炎,知识在未来产品开发系统中的作用[J],中国制造业信息化,2003.9:90-91.
[27]孔繁胜.知识库系统原理[M],浙江人学出版社,2000.
[28] Xie Youbai.Modern design and knowledge acquirement[J].China Mechanical Engineering,1996,7(6):36～41.
[29]李楚舒,刘西拉.基于事例的设计推理[J],工程设计CAD与节能建筑,1999,(1):41~43.
[30]凌卫青,赵艾萍,谢友柏.基于实例的产品设计知识获取方法及实现[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2002.14(11):1014～1019.
[31]吴良刚,高阳,张金隆.一种面向对象的事例知识表示方法和事例库组织[J],管理信息系统,1999, (7)11～14.
[32] Wei-ChouC hen, Shian-Shyong T seng,Lu-PingChange tc, A parallelize designing method for large-scale case-based reasoning, Expert System with Applications,2002,No.23:95～102.
[33]王永庆.《人工智能原理与方法》[M],西安:西安交通大学出版社,2001.
[34]许蔷.基于知识的产品设计关键技术研究与开发.南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[35] Shin K,Han I.Case-based reasoning supported by geneticalgorithms for corporate bond rating.Ecpert System with Application h ,1999,16(1):85～95.
[36] Wei-ChouC hen,Shian-ShyongT seng,Lu-PingC hangge tc, A parallelize designing method for large-scale case-based reasoning ,Expert System with Applications,2002,No.23:95～102.
[37] NI Zhi-Wei CAI Qin-Sheng . Case—Based Reasoning System Based on Knowledge Discovery,Computer Science,2003,30(5):26～29.
[38]许香穗,蔡建国.成组技术的理论与应用[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1997.
[39]张红旗,曹文钢等.基于实例推理的产品变型设计技术研究[J].机械工程师,2002,(8):8～10.
[40]徐宗本.计算智能中的仿生学:理论与算法[M].北京:科学出版社,2003,176～190.
[41]王树林.人工智能辞典[M],北京:人民邮电出版社,1992.127.
[42] Wu Suyan,Su zhijian,Chen Fang.Application of case-based design in mechanical design,Modern Manufacturing Engineering,2003, (5):67一69.
[43] Raphael B, Indexing and retrieval of cases in a case-based design system AI for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing ,1997.11.
[44]徐燕中,徐千理.基于CBR的机械产品模块化设计方法的研究[J].机械科学与技术,2002.21 (5 ):833-835.
[2] 2007中国汽车零部件行业分析及投资咨询报告. http://www.askci.com.
[3]周济,查建中.肖人彬,<<智能设计>>[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1998.
[4]江力,孙守迁,何志均.《智能化产品变形设计支持系统模型研究及应用》[J].工程设计,1997(3):14~19.
[5]杨海成,廖文和.《基于知识的三维CAD技术及应用》[M].北京:科学技术出版社,2005.2.
[6]孙晓斌.基于实例知识的设计模型研究[D].西北工业大学博士学位论文.
[7] KolodnerJ L . Case-Base Reasoning .Morgan Kaufmannn,1993.
[8]凌卫青.基于性能的现代产品设计知识资源服务体系研究[D].西安交通大学博士论文,2002.5.
[9] R. Schank. Dynamic Memory Cambridge University Press,1982:128-132.
[10] KolodnerJ L . Case-Base Reasoning .Morgan Kaufmannn,1993.
[11]史忠植、尹超、叶世伟.一种支持时间序列数据的CBR检索算法[J],智能系统学报,2007.2.
[12]周涵,史忠植.石油产品设计系统的形式模型及问题求解策略[J],石油学报,1994.10.
[13]吴家洲,杨叔子.基于实例推理的齿轮快速设计CAD系统研究. [J],机械,2002.
[14]机械设计手册.北京.机械工业出版社.2001.9.
[15]董益亮.基于知识的产品变型设计技术及其实例化研究[D].重庆大学博士学位论文.2003.4.
[16]欧阳渺安.智能设计系统的结构研究[J].计算机工程与科学,1999,21(2).
[17]曾芬芬,景旭文.《智能制造概论》[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000.
[18] Waton I &Perera S.《Case-Based Design:A Rebiew and Analysis of Building Design Applications》.AIEDAM,1997(11):341~345 Dubizky et al.《An Advanced Case-KnowledgeArchitecture Based on Fuzzy Objects》.Applied Intelligence,1997,7(3):34~37
[19] Watson I & Perera S .《Case-based Design: A Review and Analysis of Building Design Applications》.AIEDAN, 1997(11):341-345.
[20]杨海成,廖文和.《基于知识的三维CAD技术及应用》[M].北京:科学技术出版社,2005.
[21]周馨,郭海英,钟延修.CBR技术及其在CAD中的应用[J].机械设计,2002,11:4～6.
[22] Gavin Finnie, Zhaohao Sun.R5 model for case-based reasoning. Knowledge-based systems[J].2003,161(1),PP.59～65.
[23] Zhou Meili. Principles and pracaioces of similarity system theory. International Journal ofGeneral System,1994,23(1):39～48.
[24] Zhou Meili. Formation principles of similar systems. Journal of System Science and System Engineering, 1996,5(3):281～286.
[25]李陶深.《人工智能》[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2002.
[26]吴翔,李刚炎,知识在未来产品开发系统中的作用[J],中国制造业信息化,2003.9:90-91.
[27]孔繁胜.知识库系统原理[M],浙江人学出版社,2000.
[28] Xie Youbai.Modern design and knowledge acquirement[J].China Mechanical Engineering,1996,7(6):36～41.
[29]李楚舒,刘西拉.基于事例的设计推理[J],工程设计CAD与节能建筑,1999,(1):41~43.
[30]凌卫青,赵艾萍,谢友柏.基于实例的产品设计知识获取方法及实现[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2002.14(11):1014～1019.
[31]吴良刚,高阳,张金隆.一种面向对象的事例知识表示方法和事例库组织[J],管理信息系统,1999, (7)11～14.
[32] Wei-ChouC hen, Shian-Shyong T seng,Lu-PingChange tc, A parallelize designing method for large-scale case-based reasoning, Expert System with Applications,2002,No.23:95～102.
[33]王永庆.《人工智能原理与方法》[M],西安:西安交通大学出版社,2001.
[34]许蔷.基于知识的产品设计关键技术研究与开发.南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[35] Shin K,Han I.Case-based reasoning supported by geneticalgorithms for corporate bond rating.Ecpert System with Application h ,1999,16(1):85～95.
[36] Wei-ChouC hen,Shian-ShyongT seng,Lu-PingC hangge tc, A parallelize designing method for large-scale case-based reasoning ,Expert System with Applications,2002,No.23:95～102.
[37] NI Zhi-Wei CAI Qin-Sheng . Case—Based Reasoning System Based on Knowledge Discovery,Computer Science,2003,30(5):26～29.
[38]许香穗,蔡建国.成组技术的理论与应用[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1997.
[39]张红旗,曹文钢等.基于实例推理的产品变型设计技术研究[J].机械工程师,2002,(8):8～10.
[40]徐宗本.计算智能中的仿生学:理论与算法[M].北京:科学出版社,2003,176～190.
[41]王树林.人工智能辞典[M],北京:人民邮电出版社,1992.127.
[42] Wu Suyan,Su zhijian,Chen Fang.Application of case-based design in mechanical design,Modern Manufacturing Engineering,2003, (5):67一69.
[43] Raphael B, Indexing and retrieval of cases in a case-based design system AI for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing ,1997.11.
[44]徐燕中,徐千理.基于CBR的机械产品模块化设计方法的研究[J].机械科学与技术,2002.21 (5 ):833-835.