毫米波全固态集成接收前端的研制
|
摘要
在微波、毫米波系统中,接收前端部件对系统性能起着关键性的作用。本文对毫米波双信道全固态集成接收前端的理论和设计进行了研究。本文在详细介绍微波元器件基本理论的基础上,研制了Ka频段接收组件,完成了组件的初样设计。
第一章首先对毫米波及其特点、微波毫米波单片集成电路MMIC及其发展趋势进行了论述;介绍了国内外接收前端的发展动态以及本课题在军事上的需求;对接收机的主要性能指标进行了分析,在此基础上采用混合集成(HMIC)技术实现了Ka频段双信道接收前端,并简述了本课题的研究内容和指标要求。后述章节将在此基础上对相应的无源电路和固态电路展开研究。
第二章主要进行了与本课题相关的无源电路的设计。在理论分析的基础上,对波导-鳍线-微带的过渡结构及Wilkinson微带三路功率分配器进行了软件仿真设计;在传统的发卡式微带滤波器的基础上设计了一种新型的毫米波微带带通滤波器结构,在利用高频仿真软件CST对该结构进行了仿真的基础上,对该结构进行了加工和测试,达到了满意的效果。
第三章、第四章和第五章的内容是与本课题相关的固态电路。对低噪声放大器、功率放大器、单端混频器、单平衡混频器、双平衡混频器和单刀单掷开关等电路的原理和技术指标进行了阐述,并给出了课题中所选用器件的相关资料。
第六章在前述各个功能部件的基础上实现了Ka频段全固态集成接收前端的研制。分别阐述了组件的制作、装配、调试及电源设计等方面的内容。
最后,对接收前端的测试结果表明,本课题所研制的接收前端满足技术指标要求,并针对不足之处给出了一些改进措施及设计中需要注意的问题,为以后进行毫米波接收前端的研制提供了重要的经验。
In microwave and millimeter-wave systems, receiving front-ends play critical roles for the whole system performance. The theory and design for two channel Ka band solid-state integrated receiving front-end are discussed in this dissertation. This text is on the basis of introducing microwave components and parts basic theories in detail, develop Ka band receiving component, finish the first designed of the component.
Chapter 1 presents a brief introduction of the millimeter-waves and their characteristics. Then, the development of microwave devices and integrated circuits is introduced. In addition, the martial requirement and development of receiving front-ends are discussed. Based on the principle and main technical indicators of Radar receiver, the schematic diagram and component index estimation of Ka band solid-state integrated receiving front-end are given. corresponding passive circuit and solid state circuit are analyzed in following chapters.
Chapter 2 is concerned with passive circuits of this project, including waveguide -fin line-microstrip probe transitions and 1 -to-3 Wilkinson power divider, simulated after analyzed theoretically. A new configuration of microstrip Hairpin bandpass filter is presented. The result of the simulation and measurement has proved the method validity.
Chapter 3 ,chapter 4 and chapter 5 is about solid circuits used in the project, such as low noise amplifiers, power amplifiers, single-ended mixers, single-balanced mixers, double-balanced mixer, involving principles, characteristics and the design. The needed chips were chosen according to the actual circumstances.
Chapter 6 realized the Ka band solid-state integrated receiving front-ends. Provide the design principle of this component according to the specification requirement for this subject, then explained respect of receiving the making, assembly of the component and testing etc. separately.
Finally, test data indicate receiving front-ends component that subject develop this meet the specification requirement basically, and has proposed improving the scheme to the weak point. It gives some improvement advise and easily ignored points that can provide important experience for later research on it.
第一章首先对毫米波及其特点、微波毫米波单片集成电路MMIC及其发展趋势进行了论述;介绍了国内外接收前端的发展动态以及本课题在军事上的需求;对接收机的主要性能指标进行了分析,在此基础上采用混合集成(HMIC)技术实现了Ka频段双信道接收前端,并简述了本课题的研究内容和指标要求。后述章节将在此基础上对相应的无源电路和固态电路展开研究。
第二章主要进行了与本课题相关的无源电路的设计。在理论分析的基础上,对波导-鳍线-微带的过渡结构及Wilkinson微带三路功率分配器进行了软件仿真设计;在传统的发卡式微带滤波器的基础上设计了一种新型的毫米波微带带通滤波器结构,在利用高频仿真软件CST对该结构进行了仿真的基础上,对该结构进行了加工和测试,达到了满意的效果。
第三章、第四章和第五章的内容是与本课题相关的固态电路。对低噪声放大器、功率放大器、单端混频器、单平衡混频器、双平衡混频器和单刀单掷开关等电路的原理和技术指标进行了阐述,并给出了课题中所选用器件的相关资料。
第六章在前述各个功能部件的基础上实现了Ka频段全固态集成接收前端的研制。分别阐述了组件的制作、装配、调试及电源设计等方面的内容。
最后,对接收前端的测试结果表明,本课题所研制的接收前端满足技术指标要求,并针对不足之处给出了一些改进措施及设计中需要注意的问题,为以后进行毫米波接收前端的研制提供了重要的经验。
In microwave and millimeter-wave systems, receiving front-ends play critical roles for the whole system performance. The theory and design for two channel Ka band solid-state integrated receiving front-end are discussed in this dissertation. This text is on the basis of introducing microwave components and parts basic theories in detail, develop Ka band receiving component, finish the first designed of the component.
Chapter 1 presents a brief introduction of the millimeter-waves and their characteristics. Then, the development of microwave devices and integrated circuits is introduced. In addition, the martial requirement and development of receiving front-ends are discussed. Based on the principle and main technical indicators of Radar receiver, the schematic diagram and component index estimation of Ka band solid-state integrated receiving front-end are given. corresponding passive circuit and solid state circuit are analyzed in following chapters.
Chapter 2 is concerned with passive circuits of this project, including waveguide -fin line-microstrip probe transitions and 1 -to-3 Wilkinson power divider, simulated after analyzed theoretically. A new configuration of microstrip Hairpin bandpass filter is presented. The result of the simulation and measurement has proved the method validity.
Chapter 3 ,chapter 4 and chapter 5 is about solid circuits used in the project, such as low noise amplifiers, power amplifiers, single-ended mixers, single-balanced mixers, double-balanced mixer, involving principles, characteristics and the design. The needed chips were chosen according to the actual circumstances.
Chapter 6 realized the Ka band solid-state integrated receiving front-ends. Provide the design principle of this component according to the specification requirement for this subject, then explained respect of receiving the making, assembly of the component and testing etc. separately.
Finally, test data indicate receiving front-ends component that subject develop this meet the specification requirement basically, and has proposed improving the scheme to the weak point. It gives some improvement advise and easily ignored points that can provide important experience for later research on it.
引文
[1]薛良金.毫米波工程基础.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2004.3,1-6
[2]黄香馥.微波固态电路.成都:电子科技大学出版社,1990,15-19
[3]高葆新.微波集成电路.北京:国防工业出版社,1995,14-20
[4]Robertson I D,Lucyszyn S.RFIC and MMIC design and technology.London:Institution of Electrical Engineers,2001,100-115
[5]陈效建.迅速发展的微波与毫米单片集成电路MMIC技术.2001年全国微波毫米波会议论文集,3(15):783-785
[6]丁鹭飞.雷达原理.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2003,3-9
[7]Sanjay Rama,N Scott Barker,Gabriel M Reheiz.A W-Band Dielectric-Lens-Based Integrated Monopulse Radar Reciver.IEEE Transactions On Microwave Theory and Techniques,1998,46(12):2308-2316
[8]张玉兴.射频模拟电路.北京:电子工业出版社,2002,123-128
[9]清华大学微带电路编写组.微带电路.北京:人民邮电出版社,1976,33-45
[10]Scott A Wartenberg,Liu Qing Huo.A Coaxial-to-Microstrip Transition for Multilayer Substrates.IEEE Transactions On Microwave Theory and Techniques,2004,52(2):584-588
[11]高峰,徐锐敏,李桂萍.毫米波波导-微带探针转换研究.2001年全国微波毫米波会议论文集,2(7):338-341
[12]Qian Yong Xi,Tatusuo Itoh.A Broadband Uniplanar Microstrip-to-CPS Transition.Asia Pacific Microwave Conference,1997,12:609-612
[13]Yoke-Choy Leong,Sander Weinreb.Full Band Wavegnide-to-Microstrip Probe Transition.IEEE MTT-S Digest,1999,4:1435-1438
[14]Hong Jia-Sheng,Lancaster M J.Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications.IEEE Microwave Magazine,2002,3(3):62-65
[15]聂广琳,王鲁豫.微带发夹式带通滤波器的计算机辅助设计.压电与声光,2005,27(3):9-13
[16]路德维格.射频电路设计-理论与应用(,王子宇).北京:电子工业出版社,2005,205-213
[17]甘本祓,吴万春.现代微波滤波器的结构与设计.北京:科学出版社,1973,313-326
[18]李刚,杨玉梅,张玉兴.一种新颖的微带带通滤波器的设计.信息与电子工程,2005,3(2):137-140
[19]陈世勇,雷剑梅,胡旭,杨士中.一种具有传输零点的Hairpin带通滤波器设计.电路与系统学报,2005,10(4):145-147
[20]程敏锋,刘学观.微带型Wilkinson功分器设计与实现.现代电子技术,2006,20(5):25-26
[21]郑健,徐军,薛良金,罗慎独.一种新型的毫米波段三功率分配器的设计.空间电子技术,2003,1(4):23-26
[22]巩志仁.一种新型的倍频程带宽微带三等分功分器.舰船电子对抗,1994,4(14):33-37
[23]Lu Liang-Hung,Liao Yu-Te,Wu Chung-Ru.A Miniaturized Wilkinson Power Divider With CMOS Activelnductors.IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters,2005,15(11):775-777
[24]Jia Pengcheng,Chen Lee-Yin,Angelos Alexanian.Broad-Band High-Power Amplifier Using Spatial Power-Combining Technique.IEEE Transactions On Microwave Theory and Techniques,2003,51(12):2469-2476
[25]伍茜.Ka频段低噪声接受前段的研制:[硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学,2004,33-40
[26]Strid E W,Gleeson K R.A DC-12GHz Monolithic GaAs FET Distributed Amplifier.IEEE Transactions On Microwave Theory and Techniques,1982,29(7):1065-1071
[27]李效白.砷化镓微波功率场效应晶体管及其集成电路.北京:北京科学出版社,1998,46-61
[28]吴秋生.Ka频段倍频放大组件及集成前端的研究:[硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学,2002,15-20
[29]章策珉.宽频带、高镜像抑制度Ku波段混频器的设计.无线电工程,2004,34(2):62-65
[30]张秉一,刘重光编.微波混频器.北京:国防工业出版,1984,126-143
[31]怀特.微波半导体控制电路.北京:科学出版社,1983,99-112
[32]邹涌泉,甘体国.毫米波宽带鳍线PIN开关.电讯技术,2000,1(3):8-12
[33]Junghyun Kim,Won Ko,Sung-Ho Kim.Ahigh-performance 40-85 GHz MMIC SPDT switch using FET-integrated transmission line structure.IEEE Transactions On Microwave Theory and Techniques,2003,13(12):505-507
[34]郭银景,吕文红,唐富华.电磁兼容原理及应用.北京:清华出版社,2003,56-61
[2]黄香馥.微波固态电路.成都:电子科技大学出版社,1990,15-19
[3]高葆新.微波集成电路.北京:国防工业出版社,1995,14-20
[4]Robertson I D,Lucyszyn S.RFIC and MMIC design and technology.London:Institution of Electrical Engineers,2001,100-115
[5]陈效建.迅速发展的微波与毫米单片集成电路MMIC技术.2001年全国微波毫米波会议论文集,3(15):783-785
[6]丁鹭飞.雷达原理.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2003,3-9
[7]Sanjay Rama,N Scott Barker,Gabriel M Reheiz.A W-Band Dielectric-Lens-Based Integrated Monopulse Radar Reciver.IEEE Transactions On Microwave Theory and Techniques,1998,46(12):2308-2316
[8]张玉兴.射频模拟电路.北京:电子工业出版社,2002,123-128
[9]清华大学微带电路编写组.微带电路.北京:人民邮电出版社,1976,33-45
[10]Scott A Wartenberg,Liu Qing Huo.A Coaxial-to-Microstrip Transition for Multilayer Substrates.IEEE Transactions On Microwave Theory and Techniques,2004,52(2):584-588
[11]高峰,徐锐敏,李桂萍.毫米波波导-微带探针转换研究.2001年全国微波毫米波会议论文集,2(7):338-341
[12]Qian Yong Xi,Tatusuo Itoh.A Broadband Uniplanar Microstrip-to-CPS Transition.Asia Pacific Microwave Conference,1997,12:609-612
[13]Yoke-Choy Leong,Sander Weinreb.Full Band Wavegnide-to-Microstrip Probe Transition.IEEE MTT-S Digest,1999,4:1435-1438
[14]Hong Jia-Sheng,Lancaster M J.Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications.IEEE Microwave Magazine,2002,3(3):62-65
[15]聂广琳,王鲁豫.微带发夹式带通滤波器的计算机辅助设计.压电与声光,2005,27(3):9-13
[16]路德维格.射频电路设计-理论与应用(,王子宇).北京:电子工业出版社,2005,205-213
[17]甘本祓,吴万春.现代微波滤波器的结构与设计.北京:科学出版社,1973,313-326
[18]李刚,杨玉梅,张玉兴.一种新颖的微带带通滤波器的设计.信息与电子工程,2005,3(2):137-140
[19]陈世勇,雷剑梅,胡旭,杨士中.一种具有传输零点的Hairpin带通滤波器设计.电路与系统学报,2005,10(4):145-147
[20]程敏锋,刘学观.微带型Wilkinson功分器设计与实现.现代电子技术,2006,20(5):25-26
[21]郑健,徐军,薛良金,罗慎独.一种新型的毫米波段三功率分配器的设计.空间电子技术,2003,1(4):23-26
[22]巩志仁.一种新型的倍频程带宽微带三等分功分器.舰船电子对抗,1994,4(14):33-37
[23]Lu Liang-Hung,Liao Yu-Te,Wu Chung-Ru.A Miniaturized Wilkinson Power Divider With CMOS Activelnductors.IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters,2005,15(11):775-777
[24]Jia Pengcheng,Chen Lee-Yin,Angelos Alexanian.Broad-Band High-Power Amplifier Using Spatial Power-Combining Technique.IEEE Transactions On Microwave Theory and Techniques,2003,51(12):2469-2476
[25]伍茜.Ka频段低噪声接受前段的研制:[硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学,2004,33-40
[26]Strid E W,Gleeson K R.A DC-12GHz Monolithic GaAs FET Distributed Amplifier.IEEE Transactions On Microwave Theory and Techniques,1982,29(7):1065-1071
[27]李效白.砷化镓微波功率场效应晶体管及其集成电路.北京:北京科学出版社,1998,46-61
[28]吴秋生.Ka频段倍频放大组件及集成前端的研究:[硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学,2002,15-20
[29]章策珉.宽频带、高镜像抑制度Ku波段混频器的设计.无线电工程,2004,34(2):62-65
[30]张秉一,刘重光编.微波混频器.北京:国防工业出版,1984,126-143
[31]怀特.微波半导体控制电路.北京:科学出版社,1983,99-112
[32]邹涌泉,甘体国.毫米波宽带鳍线PIN开关.电讯技术,2000,1(3):8-12
[33]Junghyun Kim,Won Ko,Sung-Ho Kim.Ahigh-performance 40-85 GHz MMIC SPDT switch using FET-integrated transmission line structure.IEEE Transactions On Microwave Theory and Techniques,2003,13(12):505-507
[34]郭银景,吕文红,唐富华.电磁兼容原理及应用.北京:清华出版社,2003,56-61