基于蚁群算法的风电场无功补偿
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摘要
风电场是一种依赖于自然能源的分散电源,目前风电场中还有大量的异步风力发电机在运行,风电场并网运行降低了系统的稳定性和电能质量。随着风电装机容量的不断增长以及大容量风电场的不断出现,风力发电对电网的影响越来越大,成为制约风电场建设规模的严重障碍。因此深入研究风电场对电网的影响作用成为进一步开发风电所迫切要求解决的问题。
本文以含风电场的电力系统为研究对象,着眼于并网风电场对系统潮流分布、电压的影响。所做的主要工作有:
首先,对含有异步风电场的电力系统潮流计算采用了三种不同的计算方法,并用MATLAB语言进行了编程,对于由异步风力发电机组成的风电场接入IEEE14节电系统分别用三种不同的方法进行了计算,由计算结果对三种计算方法的优缺点进行了对比。
其次,提出了蚁群算法,蚂蚁在整数空间内运动,同时在路径上留下激素,以此引导搜索方向。对蚁群算法参数的合理选取进行了实验分析,给出了算法参数选取的基本原则。对蚁群算法的产生、特点、基本原理、计算步骤进行了详细描述。
最后,针对不同的风速,对异步风力发电机的无功问题,引入新算法,采用了一种基于蚁群算法的无功补偿策略,并采用MATLAB语言进行了编程。同样通过对由异步风力发电机组组成的风电场接入IEEE14节点系统进行计算,证明了此方法的优点。可以用来计算含有异步风力发电机的电力系统无功补偿容量问题。
Because wind power is restricted by the nature resource of wind, and at present the grid-connected wind farms almost use asynchronous wind power system, the stability and voltage quality of the system will be reduced. With the increasing capacity of wind power generation and appearance of large scale wind farms, the impact caused by wind farms becomes more serious. It turns to be great obstacle of the further utilization of the wind resource. Therefore research on characteristics of grid-connected wind farm becomes an important issue to the design and operation of the power system.
The paper is based on power system with wind farm, and it does a lot of research about the influence of power flow and stability caused by wind power grid integration. Main contents of the papers as follows:
Firstly, the paper puts forward three different algorithms flow calculation of power system with wind power asynchronous generator. And computer program is made using MATLAB language. The wind farms composed of asynchronous wind power system connected IEEE14 nods system is calculated using three different algorithms. The advantages and disadvantages of the three calculation methods are compared on the basis of the results.
Secondly, Ant colony search algorithm is present. Ants move around the set of integers space,and while walking the ants lays down pheromone on the ground.The pheromone is used to direct the search proeess.Experimental analyses are carried out on the reasonable selection on the parameters of this algorithm, and basic principles for the parameter selection are provided. The emergence of the ant colony algorithm, characteristics, basic principles, the calculation steps are described in detail.
In the end, a reactive power compensation method based on Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm is put forward, and corresponding computer program is made. Using the program, a 14 nodes system is calculated .The advantage of the reactive power compensation is demonstrated .The program can solves the problem about how to calculate optimal reactive power compensation of wind farm in power system.
本文以含风电场的电力系统为研究对象,着眼于并网风电场对系统潮流分布、电压的影响。所做的主要工作有:
首先,对含有异步风电场的电力系统潮流计算采用了三种不同的计算方法,并用MATLAB语言进行了编程,对于由异步风力发电机组成的风电场接入IEEE14节电系统分别用三种不同的方法进行了计算,由计算结果对三种计算方法的优缺点进行了对比。
其次,提出了蚁群算法,蚂蚁在整数空间内运动,同时在路径上留下激素,以此引导搜索方向。对蚁群算法参数的合理选取进行了实验分析,给出了算法参数选取的基本原则。对蚁群算法的产生、特点、基本原理、计算步骤进行了详细描述。
最后,针对不同的风速,对异步风力发电机的无功问题,引入新算法,采用了一种基于蚁群算法的无功补偿策略,并采用MATLAB语言进行了编程。同样通过对由异步风力发电机组组成的风电场接入IEEE14节点系统进行计算,证明了此方法的优点。可以用来计算含有异步风力发电机的电力系统无功补偿容量问题。
Because wind power is restricted by the nature resource of wind, and at present the grid-connected wind farms almost use asynchronous wind power system, the stability and voltage quality of the system will be reduced. With the increasing capacity of wind power generation and appearance of large scale wind farms, the impact caused by wind farms becomes more serious. It turns to be great obstacle of the further utilization of the wind resource. Therefore research on characteristics of grid-connected wind farm becomes an important issue to the design and operation of the power system.
The paper is based on power system with wind farm, and it does a lot of research about the influence of power flow and stability caused by wind power grid integration. Main contents of the papers as follows:
Firstly, the paper puts forward three different algorithms flow calculation of power system with wind power asynchronous generator. And computer program is made using MATLAB language. The wind farms composed of asynchronous wind power system connected IEEE14 nods system is calculated using three different algorithms. The advantages and disadvantages of the three calculation methods are compared on the basis of the results.
Secondly, Ant colony search algorithm is present. Ants move around the set of integers space,and while walking the ants lays down pheromone on the ground.The pheromone is used to direct the search proeess.Experimental analyses are carried out on the reasonable selection on the parameters of this algorithm, and basic principles for the parameter selection are provided. The emergence of the ant colony algorithm, characteristics, basic principles, the calculation steps are described in detail.
In the end, a reactive power compensation method based on Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm is put forward, and corresponding computer program is made. Using the program, a 14 nodes system is calculated .The advantage of the reactive power compensation is demonstrated .The program can solves the problem about how to calculate optimal reactive power compensation of wind farm in power system.
引文
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