基于小波的全景图像超分辨率重建方法研究
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摘要
全景摄像系统利用双曲面反射镜,通过CCD成像单元一次性成像大于半球视场(360°×180°),一次性获取整个周边360o场景的目标信息。但是,整个场景信息仅由一块CCD传感器捕获,导致全景图像的分辨率质量下降,同时成像系统所存在的运动模糊、离焦模糊和噪声等因素很大程度的降低了目标图像的质量,从而限制了全景视觉传感器在远距离、高清晰度目标观测及识别跟踪等领域的应用。
超分辨率图像重建是利用同一场景互有位移的多帧降质图像或视频序列来重建一帧高分辨率图像的技术。旨在突破图像在硬件设备的分辨率限制,充分利用多帧图像互补信息进行数据融合,从而弥补在图像获取、传输过程中的分辨率下降。目前,图像超分辨率重建技术已经在遥感、军事、公共安全、计算机视觉、医学成像、图像压缩等领域得到了广泛应用。本文研究基于全景图像的超分辨率图像重建方法,提高全景图像的清晰度水平和空间分辨率。
首先,对影像超分辨率重建的基本理论和技术实现进行了比较全面、客观的论述;分析了影像的成像过程及影响影像质量的关键因素。
然后,分析了全景图像角分辨率下降原因及其圆周角分辨率和径向角分辨率的变化规律,在小波多分辨率分析与正交小波变换理论的基础上,分析了基于小波的超分辨率插值重建算法,并将该算法成功应用于全景图像超分辨率重建中,在应用上具有创新性。
The panoram photograph system captures an omnidirectional image which is bigger than the hemisphere field of view(360°×180°) by hyperboloid reflector, access to the entire 360 degrees around the scene of the target information through CCD. However, the resolution of the image is lower than that of conventional camera image, because 360 degree field of view is captured by only one CCD. Moreover the output image would be de degraded due to the blur and noise caused by the imaging system. These disadvantages make it restrictive for some applications where remote and high definition surveillance is needed.
Super-resolution (SR) image fusion is the technology of reconstructing a frame of image with high resolution from a group of warped, blurred and noised low-resolution (LR) images or video sequence about the same scene. The goals of this technology are to break through the resolution limitation of the imaging hardware facilities, to make up the loss of spatial resolution during the acquisition and transmission of images by the help of the data fusion of complementary information between multi-frame images. It can not only improve the visual effect of image, but also be convenient and beneficial for computer to analyze, process, recognize and understand the image. So far, the technology of Super-resolution image fusion has been extensively applied to remote sensing, military, public security, computer vision, medical imaging, image compression and so on. Therefore, in this paper,the measurement and means for enhancing the resolution and definition of the omnidirectional images is researched cased on the SR technique.
Firstly, A comprehensive review of the basic theories and techniques of superresolution is addressed .The process of acquiring images and the major factors affecting images' quality are analyzed briefly.
Secondly, the causation of the de decline of the resolution and the special movement of the circumferential resolution and radial resolution is analyzed. Based on the multiresolution analysis with orthonormal wavelets, the wavelet superresolution algorithm for the more general camera motion model is analyzed. The implementation of this algorithm to the superresolution for omnidirectional image is a great progress.
超分辨率图像重建是利用同一场景互有位移的多帧降质图像或视频序列来重建一帧高分辨率图像的技术。旨在突破图像在硬件设备的分辨率限制,充分利用多帧图像互补信息进行数据融合,从而弥补在图像获取、传输过程中的分辨率下降。目前,图像超分辨率重建技术已经在遥感、军事、公共安全、计算机视觉、医学成像、图像压缩等领域得到了广泛应用。本文研究基于全景图像的超分辨率图像重建方法,提高全景图像的清晰度水平和空间分辨率。
首先,对影像超分辨率重建的基本理论和技术实现进行了比较全面、客观的论述;分析了影像的成像过程及影响影像质量的关键因素。
然后,分析了全景图像角分辨率下降原因及其圆周角分辨率和径向角分辨率的变化规律,在小波多分辨率分析与正交小波变换理论的基础上,分析了基于小波的超分辨率插值重建算法,并将该算法成功应用于全景图像超分辨率重建中,在应用上具有创新性。
The panoram photograph system captures an omnidirectional image which is bigger than the hemisphere field of view(360°×180°) by hyperboloid reflector, access to the entire 360 degrees around the scene of the target information through CCD. However, the resolution of the image is lower than that of conventional camera image, because 360 degree field of view is captured by only one CCD. Moreover the output image would be de degraded due to the blur and noise caused by the imaging system. These disadvantages make it restrictive for some applications where remote and high definition surveillance is needed.
Super-resolution (SR) image fusion is the technology of reconstructing a frame of image with high resolution from a group of warped, blurred and noised low-resolution (LR) images or video sequence about the same scene. The goals of this technology are to break through the resolution limitation of the imaging hardware facilities, to make up the loss of spatial resolution during the acquisition and transmission of images by the help of the data fusion of complementary information between multi-frame images. It can not only improve the visual effect of image, but also be convenient and beneficial for computer to analyze, process, recognize and understand the image. So far, the technology of Super-resolution image fusion has been extensively applied to remote sensing, military, public security, computer vision, medical imaging, image compression and so on. Therefore, in this paper,the measurement and means for enhancing the resolution and definition of the omnidirectional images is researched cased on the SR technique.
Firstly, A comprehensive review of the basic theories and techniques of superresolution is addressed .The process of acquiring images and the major factors affecting images' quality are analyzed briefly.
Secondly, the causation of the de decline of the resolution and the special movement of the circumferential resolution and radial resolution is analyzed. Based on the multiresolution analysis with orthonormal wavelets, the wavelet superresolution algorithm for the more general camera motion model is analyzed. The implementation of this algorithm to the superresolution for omnidirectional image is a great progress.
引文
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