气动枪械发射原理有关问题的研究
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摘要
本论文是对气动枪械发射原理有关问题进行探索性研究,气动枪械发射原理是利用压缩气体作为动力能源,在弹膛内膨胀作功,推动弹丸或相关物体沿身管做定向发射。
首先,该论文在阐述气动枪械发射原理的基础上,给出了气动枪械的基本概念,并通过气动枪械典型结构示例,对气动枪械结构及工作过程进行了详细描述,同时,将气动枪械工作过程分为两大核心过程——气阀工作过程和弹丸发射过程,然后,围绕这两个过程展开对气动枪械发射原理相关问题的研究,分析了气动枪械气阀工作过程的作用机理,通过对击锤簧和气阀弹簧的能量分析,得出了击打及复位能量确定方法,建立了反映气动枪械弹丸发射过程的分析模型,选用龙格一库塔方法及Matlab软件对分析模型进行解算,得到了高压气瓶压力、高压通道压力、膛内压力、弹丸位移、弹丸速度在时域内的变化曲线,通过改变气源初始压力、弹丸质量、枪管口径、枪管长度、高压通道直径、高压通道长度、弹丸初始位置等参数的取值进行解算,剖析了各个因素对气动枪械弹丸发射性能的影响规律,针对多发发射时高压气瓶供气压力降低而导致发射性能不稳定的问题,提出了改进措施。论文研究成果可供后续相关研究参考。
This dissertation focuses on an exploring research about related questions of pneumatic gun firing principle. Pneumatic gun uses compressed gas as firing energy. Projectile or related object is impeled by expansion work and fired along the firing tube.
Firstly, on the basis of pneumatic gun firing principle, the basic concept of pneumatic gun is given in this dissertation. The structure and work processes of pneumatic gun is completely described by using a modular design demonstration. Simultaneously, the pneumatic gun work processes include two core processes-gas valve work process and projectile firing process. Then, the following research is dead against these processes. The action mechanism of gas valve work process is analysed. Through the analysis on energy of hammer spring and gas valve spring, the determination methed of stroke and replacement energy is obtained. Secondly, the analysis model about projectile firing process is established. By using Runge-Kutta method and Matlab software, the analysis model is computed. The computation result includes: gas bottle pressure curve, high-pressured channel pressure curve, bore pressure curve, projectile displacement curve and projectile speed curve. By changing the value of gas bottle initial pressure, projectile quality, barrel caliber, barrel length, high-pressured channel diameter, high-pressured channel length, projectile initial point and so on, the influence rule of shooting performance is analysed. In view of string firing, gas bottle pressure drop causes unstable shooting performance. Improvement measure is proposed. The research results of this dissertation may supply the reference for following related research.
首先,该论文在阐述气动枪械发射原理的基础上,给出了气动枪械的基本概念,并通过气动枪械典型结构示例,对气动枪械结构及工作过程进行了详细描述,同时,将气动枪械工作过程分为两大核心过程——气阀工作过程和弹丸发射过程,然后,围绕这两个过程展开对气动枪械发射原理相关问题的研究,分析了气动枪械气阀工作过程的作用机理,通过对击锤簧和气阀弹簧的能量分析,得出了击打及复位能量确定方法,建立了反映气动枪械弹丸发射过程的分析模型,选用龙格一库塔方法及Matlab软件对分析模型进行解算,得到了高压气瓶压力、高压通道压力、膛内压力、弹丸位移、弹丸速度在时域内的变化曲线,通过改变气源初始压力、弹丸质量、枪管口径、枪管长度、高压通道直径、高压通道长度、弹丸初始位置等参数的取值进行解算,剖析了各个因素对气动枪械弹丸发射性能的影响规律,针对多发发射时高压气瓶供气压力降低而导致发射性能不稳定的问题,提出了改进措施。论文研究成果可供后续相关研究参考。
This dissertation focuses on an exploring research about related questions of pneumatic gun firing principle. Pneumatic gun uses compressed gas as firing energy. Projectile or related object is impeled by expansion work and fired along the firing tube.
Firstly, on the basis of pneumatic gun firing principle, the basic concept of pneumatic gun is given in this dissertation. The structure and work processes of pneumatic gun is completely described by using a modular design demonstration. Simultaneously, the pneumatic gun work processes include two core processes-gas valve work process and projectile firing process. Then, the following research is dead against these processes. The action mechanism of gas valve work process is analysed. Through the analysis on energy of hammer spring and gas valve spring, the determination methed of stroke and replacement energy is obtained. Secondly, the analysis model about projectile firing process is established. By using Runge-Kutta method and Matlab software, the analysis model is computed. The computation result includes: gas bottle pressure curve, high-pressured channel pressure curve, bore pressure curve, projectile displacement curve and projectile speed curve. By changing the value of gas bottle initial pressure, projectile quality, barrel caliber, barrel length, high-pressured channel diameter, high-pressured channel length, projectile initial point and so on, the influence rule of shooting performance is analysed. In view of string firing, gas bottle pressure drop causes unstable shooting performance. Improvement measure is proposed. The research results of this dissertation may supply the reference for following related research.
引文
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[2]王金贵.气体炮技术.物理.1996(9):558-564
[3]Seigel.A.E.Theory of High Speed Guns.Published byAGARD.AD475660,1965
[4]王金贵.二级轻气炮工作气体的比较.中国空气动力学学会第十届物理气体动力学专业委员会会议论文集.2001:49-55
[5]林俊德.非火药驱动的二级轻气炮的发射参数分析.爆炸与冲击.1995,15(3):229-240
[6]M.Meneguzzi,B.Landers,E.Vigil,R.Milligan,D.Massey,D.Kruczynski.Combustion Light Gas Gun Technology Demonstration.Utron Inc Manassas Va,2007
[7]Doolan,Con.A Two-Stage Light Gas Gun for the Study of High Speed Impact in Propellants.Aeronautical and Maritime Research Lab Salisbury(Australia)Weapons Systems Div.2001:30
[8]Fumikazu Saito,Toshitika,Hideki Tamura,Yusuke Tanaka,Michiaki Shimizu,Kenichi Kondo.Improvement of a "mini" two-stage light-gas gun for hypervelocity impact experiments:Technical devices to accelerate and detect a "minute" projectile efficiently.Review ScienceInstrument.2005,76(5):055107
[9]练永庆,王树宗,陈一雕.气动式水下发射器的发射阀仿真设计研究.兵工学报.2003,24(3):354-358
[10]李浩然.潜艇水下武器发射系统及其发展趋势.现代舰船.2007(7):38-40
[11]辜席传.国外机载导弹发射系统的发展和趋势.航空兵器.1994(2):60-63
[12]李书军.警用催泪弹.轻兵器.2006(10下):17-19
[13]王丽静.不流血的战争——非致命武器新发展.轻兵器.2007(10上):10-13
[14]卞荣宣,洪萍.特种枪.北京:解放军出版社,2005
[15]杨理明.新型非致命武器——OC催泪痛球弹发射器.轻兵器.2002(1):16-17
[16]李玉秋.QH4.5mm气瓶式气手枪.轻兵器.2001(6):16～18
[17]秋实.鲍尔莱茵气手枪.轻兵器.2005(12上):6～8
[18]云雨.RSW气枪及其气枪弹(1).轻兵器.2005(3下):5～7
[19]陆家鹏等.自动武器气体动力学.北京:兵器工业出版社,1991
[20]王新月.气体动力学基础.西安:西北工业大学出版社,2006
[21]潘锦珊等.气体动力学基础.西安:西北工业大学出版社,1995
[22]王保国,刘淑艳,黄伟光.气体动力学.北京:北京理工大学出版社,2005
[23]Shapiro.A.H.The Dynamics and Thermodynamics of Compressible Fluild Flow.RonaldPress,1953
[24]蔡茂林.现代气动技术理论与实践第四讲:压缩空气的能量.液压气动与密封.2007(5):54-59
[25]金志明.袁亚雄.内弹道气动力原理.北京:国防工业出版社,1983
[26]Ian V.Hogg.Guns and how theywork.Secaucus,N.J..Chartwell Books,1983
[27]J.W.Ryan.Guns,mortars&rockets.Oxford:Brassey's Publishers,1982
[28]李家书.气动技术的应用.液压气动与密封.2006(4):6-10
[29]廖振强,王涛,余世海.武器气体动力学数值计算方法.北京:国防工业出版社,2005
[30]王裕安等.自动武器构造.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1994
[31]欧学炳,殷仁龙,王学颜.自动武器结构设计.南京理工大学翻印
[32]殷仁龙.机械弹簧设计理论及其应用.北京:兵器工业出版社,1993
[33]于道文等.自动武器学.北京:国防工业出版社,1992
[34]马福球,陈运生,朵英贤.火炮与自动武器.北京:北京理工大学出版社,2003
[35]吴朝晖,王树宗,马世杰.旋转泵式鱼雷发射系统建模与仿真.海军工程大学学报.2000(5):54-58
[36]周广林,王云.外置气动冲压式鱼雷发射装置弹道仿真计算与参数选择.舰船科学技术.2003,25(3):34-37
[37]夏正友,张河,陈家安.一种非火药驱动气体炮内弹道模型及发射诸元协调.爆炸与冲击.1999,19(2):147-150
[38]夏正友.一种非火药驱动气体炮内弹道模型计算机仿真及其数据处理.硕士学位论文.南京理工大学.1999:5-12
[39]翁春生,王浩.计算内弹道学.北京:国防工业出版社,2006
[40]陆家鹏.自动武器学(气体动力学分册).北京:国防工业出版社,1988
[41]姜志保,齐杏林,仲伟君.一种调节阀式气体炮建模与分析.军械工程学院学报.2002,14(4):29-34
[42]仲伟君,赵晓利,齐杏林.气体炮内弹道建模与发射环境模拟研究.动力学与控制学报.2005,3(1):63-66
[43]鲍廷钰,邱文坚.内弹道学.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1995
[44]八○一研究室.内弹道学.南京:华东工学院弹道研究所,1986
[45]王昌明.实用弹道学.北京:兵器工业出版社,1994
[46]Herman Krier,Martin Summerfield.Interior ballistics of guns.New York:American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics,1979
[47]Tuomainen,Ari.Thermodynamic model of interior ballistics.Acta Polytechnica Scandinavica,Applied Physics Series.1996(205):2-87
[48]Ray,Stephen E.Tezduyar,Tayfun E.Fluid-object interactions in interior ballistics.Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering.2000,190(3-4):363-372
[49]Zharovtzev.V.V,Sinyaev.S.V,Fomenko.V.V.Account ofinteriorballistic parameters of the launch by slurry/liquid propellant with ETC-ignition.IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.2001,37(11):216-218
[50]Bernier H,Gambart J and Courtaud.Interior Ballistics Computer Codes for Two Stage Light Gas Launchers.Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Ballistics,1989
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