黄河水有机污染处理技术研究
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摘要
近年来，黄河水中有机物污染日趋严重，现有的给水处理工艺不能有效去除黄河水中的有机污染物。黄河水有机物微污染问题严重影响着现有的包钢厂区生产、生活水处理工艺正常运行，并威胁着为包钢薄板坯连铸连轧厂配套的新水处理站中反渗透膜处理系统的正常生产。因此，研究黄河水有机污染处理技术已势在必行。为了给受到有机物微污染的水源给水处理提供切实可靠的技术方案，本文主要研究了混合、反应、沉淀常规工艺的强化和过滤工艺技术。
通过对黄河包头段污染状况调查，明确了黄河包头段水质受到严重有机污染的状况。根据包头钢铁公司现有供水技术装备和对水质的要求，开展了强化混合、反应、沉淀常规工艺去除有机物的应用研究。应用无机高分子絮凝剂、采用自动投药控制技术，改善了絮凝效果，提高了加药的准确性。还进行了试验室静态试验，考察了高锰酸钾复合药剂用于化学预氧化的处理效果，试验结果表明，高锰酸钾复合药剂具有优越的强化混凝作用，有助于去除浊度、色度功能，并能降低混凝剂用量。
本文还分析了包钢给水厂新水处理站过滤系统去除有机物的效果，着重论述了瓷砂滤料的过滤性能及去除浊度和有机物的功能。同时讨论了反渗透膜在工业给水方面的应用。
In recent years, yellow river has been seriously polluted by organic pollutants, and existing water treatment technology can not effectively remove organic pollutants from yellow river. In Baotou steel company, this problem is influencing treatment equipments of water's normal operating seriously, especially the anti-permeation system for supplying water to thin steel plate factory. Therefore research on the technologies of organic contaminant removal for Yellow River water treatment needs to be done immediately. This thesis mainly researches the technologies to enhance mixing, coagulation, sedimentation and filtration, in order to provide suitable treatment methods for engineering application.
Based on the investigation on the contamination of the Yellow River in Baotou, it was understood that the river water is mainly contaminated by organic matters. According to the need for the quality of water supply to Baotou Steel Company, researches were conducted on the enhancement of mixing, coagulation, sedimentation technologies for removing organic pollutants. By using inorganic polymer coagulant and automatic dosing method, very good treatment results were obtained. In addition, experiments were conducted on the pre-treatment of source water using KMnO4, and very good results were gained.
This thesis also did relevant research on the effects of enhanced pre-treatment for organic removal. Analysis was conducted on the efficency of organc removal by the filtration system in one of the water supply stations in
Baogang Water Supply Company. The method of reverse osmosis (RO) was also discussed.
通过对黄河包头段污染状况调查，明确了黄河包头段水质受到严重有机污染的状况。根据包头钢铁公司现有供水技术装备和对水质的要求，开展了强化混合、反应、沉淀常规工艺去除有机物的应用研究。应用无机高分子絮凝剂、采用自动投药控制技术，改善了絮凝效果，提高了加药的准确性。还进行了试验室静态试验，考察了高锰酸钾复合药剂用于化学预氧化的处理效果，试验结果表明，高锰酸钾复合药剂具有优越的强化混凝作用，有助于去除浊度、色度功能，并能降低混凝剂用量。
本文还分析了包钢给水厂新水处理站过滤系统去除有机物的效果，着重论述了瓷砂滤料的过滤性能及去除浊度和有机物的功能。同时讨论了反渗透膜在工业给水方面的应用。
In recent years, yellow river has been seriously polluted by organic pollutants, and existing water treatment technology can not effectively remove organic pollutants from yellow river. In Baotou steel company, this problem is influencing treatment equipments of water's normal operating seriously, especially the anti-permeation system for supplying water to thin steel plate factory. Therefore research on the technologies of organic contaminant removal for Yellow River water treatment needs to be done immediately. This thesis mainly researches the technologies to enhance mixing, coagulation, sedimentation and filtration, in order to provide suitable treatment methods for engineering application.
Based on the investigation on the contamination of the Yellow River in Baotou, it was understood that the river water is mainly contaminated by organic matters. According to the need for the quality of water supply to Baotou Steel Company, researches were conducted on the enhancement of mixing, coagulation, sedimentation technologies for removing organic pollutants. By using inorganic polymer coagulant and automatic dosing method, very good treatment results were obtained. In addition, experiments were conducted on the pre-treatment of source water using KMnO4, and very good results were gained.
This thesis also did relevant research on the effects of enhanced pre-treatment for organic removal. Analysis was conducted on the efficency of organc removal by the filtration system in one of the water supply stations in
Baogang Water Supply Company. The method of reverse osmosis (RO) was also discussed.
引文
[1]戴之荷．受污染水处理技术在我国的应用[J]．给水排水，2002，1．
[2]黄君礼．分析化学(第2版)[M]．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1997．
[3]严煦世，范谨初．给水工程(第4版)[M]．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1999．
[4]张自杰，排水工程(第4版)[M]．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2000．
[5]陈培康，裘本昌．给水净化新工艺[M]．北京：学术书刊出版社，1990．
[6]Lloycl A Slezook and Ronalde sing.The Application and Effectiveness of slow sand Filtration in the united states[J].J AWWA. 1984, 12.
[7]K.J.Ives. New concepts in filtration(Part Ⅰ)[J]. water and water Engineering 1961, 7.
[8]R Rhodes Tmssell Albort R Trussell. Recent developments in Filtration system Design[J].J.AWWA. 1980, 12.
[9]K .J.Ives.progress in Filtration[J]. J.AWWA, 1964.
[10]Susumu Kawamura Design and operation of High-Rate Filters [J]Part Ⅰ AWQWA. 1975.
[11]井有海，等．过滤实验正交设计[J]．给水排水，2000，4．
[12]王彩霞．城市污水处理新技术(瓷砂过滤)[M]．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1990．
[13]许保玖．给水处理理论与设计师[M]．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1992．
[14]何铁林．水处理化学品手册[M]．北京：化学工业出版社，2000．
[15]金国轨，等．均匀滤料滤池运行及改造的优化[J]．给水排水，vol．28，No．3，2000，18～20．
[16]王利平，等．石英砂均质滤料气水反冲洗试验研究[J]．给水排水，vol．22，No．1，1996，16～18．
[17]张连峰，等．均质滤料滤层设计的优化研究[J]．给水排水，vol．28，No．2，2002，26～28．
[18]褚良银，等．不同过滤方式下过滤速度衰减模型研究[J]．过滤与分离，No．1，1999，8～12．
[19]D.M.Mintz. Modern Theory of Rapid Filtration[J].Special Report International Water Supply Congress and Exhibition, Barcelona, Spain, 1966, 10.
[20]吴纠纠．均匀滤床与非均匀滤床共同工作条件的探讨[J]．中国给水排水，No．1，1992．
[21]李圭白．深层滤床的高效反冲洗问题[J]．中国给水排水，No．3，1986．
[22]沈军．气水反冲洗机理的探讨[J]．中国给水排水，No．2，1989．
[23]冯逸仙，杨世纯．反渗透水处理[M]．北京：中国电力出版社，1997
[24]Zahid.Amiad．反渗透-膜技术·水化学和工业应用[M]．北京：化学工业出版社，1999
[25]何春梅，金珏祺．流动电流混凝投药自控技术在包钢的应用[J]．冶金环境保护，No．3，2002，43～45
[26]井山哲夫(日)，等，编著，张自杰、李圭白，译．水处理工程理论与应用[M]．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1986．
[27]德格雷蒙公司(法)．水处理手册[M]．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1992．
[28]刘延澄．包头市城市供水科学志[M]．包头，1998．
[2]黄君礼．分析化学(第2版)[M]．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1997．
[3]严煦世，范谨初．给水工程(第4版)[M]．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1999．
[4]张自杰，排水工程(第4版)[M]．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2000．
[5]陈培康，裘本昌．给水净化新工艺[M]．北京：学术书刊出版社，1990．
[6]Lloycl A Slezook and Ronalde sing.The Application and Effectiveness of slow sand Filtration in the united states[J].J AWWA. 1984, 12.
[7]K.J.Ives. New concepts in filtration(Part Ⅰ)[J]. water and water Engineering 1961, 7.
[8]R Rhodes Tmssell Albort R Trussell. Recent developments in Filtration system Design[J].J.AWWA. 1980, 12.
[9]K .J.Ives.progress in Filtration[J]. J.AWWA, 1964.
[10]Susumu Kawamura Design and operation of High-Rate Filters [J]Part Ⅰ AWQWA. 1975.
[11]井有海，等．过滤实验正交设计[J]．给水排水，2000，4．
[12]王彩霞．城市污水处理新技术(瓷砂过滤)[M]．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1990．
[13]许保玖．给水处理理论与设计师[M]．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1992．
[14]何铁林．水处理化学品手册[M]．北京：化学工业出版社，2000．
[15]金国轨，等．均匀滤料滤池运行及改造的优化[J]．给水排水，vol．28，No．3，2000，18～20．
[16]王利平，等．石英砂均质滤料气水反冲洗试验研究[J]．给水排水，vol．22，No．1，1996，16～18．
[17]张连峰，等．均质滤料滤层设计的优化研究[J]．给水排水，vol．28，No．2，2002，26～28．
[18]褚良银，等．不同过滤方式下过滤速度衰减模型研究[J]．过滤与分离，No．1，1999，8～12．
[19]D.M.Mintz. Modern Theory of Rapid Filtration[J].Special Report International Water Supply Congress and Exhibition, Barcelona, Spain, 1966, 10.
[20]吴纠纠．均匀滤床与非均匀滤床共同工作条件的探讨[J]．中国给水排水，No．1，1992．
[21]李圭白．深层滤床的高效反冲洗问题[J]．中国给水排水，No．3，1986．
[22]沈军．气水反冲洗机理的探讨[J]．中国给水排水，No．2，1989．
[23]冯逸仙，杨世纯．反渗透水处理[M]．北京：中国电力出版社，1997
[24]Zahid.Amiad．反渗透-膜技术·水化学和工业应用[M]．北京：化学工业出版社，1999
[25]何春梅，金珏祺．流动电流混凝投药自控技术在包钢的应用[J]．冶金环境保护，No．3，2002，43～45
[26]井山哲夫(日)，等，编著，张自杰、李圭白，译．水处理工程理论与应用[M]．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1986．
[27]德格雷蒙公司(法)．水处理手册[M]．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1992．
[28]刘延澄．包头市城市供水科学志[M]．包头，1998．