城市公交线路显示技术的若干研究
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摘要
传统的纸质城市公交地图存在无法清晰的显示出一条街道上经过的所有公交线路信息的弱点;纸质公交地图,只能简单地查看公交信息,不能处理动态变化信息,容易在一段主干道显示数条甚至十余条线路造成线路走向信息的混乱,因此纸质的地图已经不能满足各种快速寻路的需求。而数字化电子公交地图与传统地图相比,则很明显地有如下几点优势:信息资源丰富、信息传递快捷、信息更新便捷、信息查询灵活。因此,电子公交地图吸引了很多研究人员的目光,因为它弥补了传统公交地图的缺点,具有广阔的发展前景。给出一个城市电子公交地图绘制和查询系统的解决方案,该方案涵盖了城市公交线路的绘制算法、最短路径查询算法、对局部公交地图的放大算法。交通信息浏览查询系统作为一个解决因交通线路拥挤,而无法清楚的在一条街道上显示所有公交线路信息的方法,本论文在实现方案时,解决了信息模型的设计、街道底图(位图)和公交线路(矢量数据)的配准、初始显示范围的确定和窗口动态缩放时底图和线路匹配的保持、查询算法和数据结构以及数据更新的方便性等一系列技术问题,和已有方案和系统相比有自己的特色。
本课题的研究将使基于电子地图显示的公交线路显示人机交互,使计算机图形显示技术更深入应用于实用领域,使该系统能与现实生活更为紧密的结合。
本课题设计并且实现了公交线路在电子地图上以全景地图显示和窗口地图显示两种显示方式,以及对公交线路信息的查询功能。对设计的细节进行了详细的描写,并分别给了流程图、功能图以及各种的实现效果。在应用中查询结果准确,运行速度快捷,能够满足用户的基本要求。
Tradition papery city public traffic, whose intuition and veracity is not good, can not satisfy user's need of looking for way quickly. Therefore, electronic public traffic map attracts many research people's sights. For it remedies tradition public traffic's defect, has a amplitude develop foreground. Give a blue print on city public traffic protract and query, which includes city public traffic protract arithmetic, querying shortcut arithmetic and magnifying local public traffic map arithmetic.As a new way to solve the Traffic Jam problem, traffic information inquiry system develop rapidly at home and abroad. It may accurately and promptly indicate bus line condition as well as some information of the urban economy construction the achievement. It can bring Local residents and out-of-town visitors convenient query methods. Its research has the very great economic efficiency and the social efficiency.
This research of the topic will make the reveal of the bus line which based on electronic maps more alternating, It causes the computer graphical display technology to be more applied in the practical domain, and will enable this system be connected closely to a real life.
This paper designs and realizes two kinds of display method of the electronic map:One is Panoramic Map, the other is window map. Then, it realizes the inquiry function of the bus line's information. It depicts the detail of the design. It also draws flow diagram, function diagram and other kinds of results. In the application, the results of inquiries are accurate, the system operating speed is quick. The bus line system can satisfy the basic request of the user.
本课题的研究将使基于电子地图显示的公交线路显示人机交互,使计算机图形显示技术更深入应用于实用领域,使该系统能与现实生活更为紧密的结合。
本课题设计并且实现了公交线路在电子地图上以全景地图显示和窗口地图显示两种显示方式,以及对公交线路信息的查询功能。对设计的细节进行了详细的描写,并分别给了流程图、功能图以及各种的实现效果。在应用中查询结果准确,运行速度快捷,能够满足用户的基本要求。
Tradition papery city public traffic, whose intuition and veracity is not good, can not satisfy user's need of looking for way quickly. Therefore, electronic public traffic map attracts many research people's sights. For it remedies tradition public traffic's defect, has a amplitude develop foreground. Give a blue print on city public traffic protract and query, which includes city public traffic protract arithmetic, querying shortcut arithmetic and magnifying local public traffic map arithmetic.As a new way to solve the Traffic Jam problem, traffic information inquiry system develop rapidly at home and abroad. It may accurately and promptly indicate bus line condition as well as some information of the urban economy construction the achievement. It can bring Local residents and out-of-town visitors convenient query methods. Its research has the very great economic efficiency and the social efficiency.
This research of the topic will make the reveal of the bus line which based on electronic maps more alternating, It causes the computer graphical display technology to be more applied in the practical domain, and will enable this system be connected closely to a real life.
This paper designs and realizes two kinds of display method of the electronic map:One is Panoramic Map, the other is window map. Then, it realizes the inquiry function of the bus line's information. It depicts the detail of the design. It also draws flow diagram, function diagram and other kinds of results. In the application, the results of inquiries are accurate, the system operating speed is quick. The bus line system can satisfy the basic request of the user.
引文
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[40]李忠锋.城市地理信息系统发展及设计开发研究.宝鸡文理学院学报(自然科学版),2001,4(21):26-29.
[41]Michel Scholl,Agnes Woisard.Advances in Spatial Databases[D].Berlin:springer.2004.
[2]陈述彭,鲁学军,周成虎.地理信息系统导论.北京:科学出版社,1999.
[3]TinpfS.Frank U.A Multi-scale Data Structure Carlo-graphic Objects[A].Proceedings of 17th ICA/ACI international caito-graphic conference[C]:1037-1044.
[4]KAKUMDTO Shigeru and KOSUGI Yukio,HATAYAMA Michinori and KAMEDA Hiroyuki.Development of Spatial Temporal Geographic Informlation System SICE 2002,10:352-357.
[5]王青山.GIS数据模型研究与实践.解放军测绘学院学报,1998,6(4).
[6]贾奋励,宋国民.多比例尺海量数据快速显示机制的研究.杭州:第二届全国虚拟现实与可视化学术会议论文集,2002.
[7]王孝通.电子海图高速显示的数据结构.测绘学报,1999,28(1).
[8]李元臣,刘维群.利用像素复制实现图像的局部放大.泰安师专学报,2002,3(24).
[9]Lazarus F,etal.Axial Deformations:An Intuitive Deformation Technique.Computer- Aided Design,1994,26(8):607-613.
[10]邓朝晖,贾华.矢量数据的一种分层动态组织方法.武汉测绘科技大学学报,1996,11(2).
[11]关榆君.基于Access数据库的唐山公交线路查询系统开发.信息技术与网络服务.2006,28:37-38.
[12]金凌.公交网络地理信息系统平台的研究开发.计算机管理,2005,1:40-43.
[13]侯俊杰(侯捷).深入浅出MFC(第二版).武汉:华中科技大学出版社.2001.
[14]谢超,陈毓芬.基于GDI+的电子地图符号库的改进.测绘工程,2006,15(2):45-49.
[15]孙以义.计算机地图制图.北京:科学出版社,2003,7.
[16]Fang T-P,Picgl L A.Dclaunay Triangulation Using a Uniform Grid IEEE Comp.Graph.Appl.36-47.
[17]赵仁亮,唐小明.基于动态裁剪的跨图幅地图漫游的设计与实现.测绘通报,1999,8(2).
[18]刘新贵,孙群,黄雅娟等.实现电子地图快速显示的策略和方法.测绘通报,2004,2(1).
[19]王俊,张文诗,王建涛.多图幅海量数据电子地图快速显示的研究与实现.测绘通报,2003,9(4).
[20]Hoppe H.Smooth view-dependent level-of-detail control andits application to terrain rendering[EB/OL].http://research microsoft.com/hoppe/,2002,9,26.
[21]李靖,韦俊银.实现动态数据结构持久性的渐进式方法.计算机工程与应用,2000(9):67-68.
[22]孙家广.计算机图形学.北京:清华大学出版社,1998.
[23]唐棣,孙岩基.于象素的圆窗口的图形裁剪算法.计算机应用与软件,2003(10):68-69.
[24]宗晔,方安宁.面向对象程序设计和技术设计的分析.浙江大学学报(工学报),1999,33(2):163-168.
[25]张海藩.软件工程.北京:人民邮电出版社,2002.
[26]Jo,T.,M.Haseyamai,H.Kitajima.A Map Matching Method with the Innovation of theKalman Filtering.ICICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics Communications and Computer Science,1996.
[27]涂超.泉州市电子地图及其公交查询功能的实现.苏州科技学院学报(工程技术版),2006,6.
[28]Lazarus,F.Coquillart,S.and Jance,P.Axial deformation:an intuitive,deformation technique.ComputerAided Design,1994,26(8):607-613.
[29]陈刚.电子地图显示的方法研究及实践.测绘通报,2001,3(12).
[30]单会秋.计算机图形学中的二维裁剪算法研究.辽宁师范大学硕士研究生学位论文,2005,5.
[31]涂超.泉州市电子地图及其公交查询功能的实现.苏州科技学院学报(工程技术版),2006,6.
[32]刘玉金.基于地图数据库的变比例尺变换.江苏测绘,2000,3(23).
[33]LoefflerCE,AndersonT.The Virtual Reality CaseBook.Van Nostrand Reinhold 1994.
[34]Clark F Olson.Image registration by aligning entropies[A].Proceedings of 2001 IEEE Computer Society Conference[C].Kauai,Hawaii,USA:IEEE,2001,2.331-336.
[35]王桥.一种新的地图数据检索方法及其应用软件.武汉测绘科技大学学报,1993,18(4).
[36]马耀峰,胡文亮,张安定,陈逢珍.地图学原理.北京:科学出版社,2004,6.
[37]陈萧枫,蔡秀云,唐德强.最短路径算法分析及其在公交查询的应用.工程图学学报,2001(3):20-24.
[38]黄维通.Visual C++面向对象与可视化程序设计(第2版).北京:清华大学出版社2003.
[39]蒲浩,宋占峰,詹振炎.公路路线设计的一体化与可视化.中南大学学报(自然科学版),2004,5(35):27-39.
[40]李忠锋.城市地理信息系统发展及设计开发研究.宝鸡文理学院学报(自然科学版),2001,4(21):26-29.
[41]Michel Scholl,Agnes Woisard.Advances in Spatial Databases[D].Berlin:springer.2004.