H.264视频压缩算法应用研究
摘要
ITU-T Rec．H．264|ISO／IEC 14496-10 AVC(简称H．264)是最新的视频编码国际标准，由ISO／IEC的运动图像专家组MPEG和ITU-T的视频编码专家组VCEG组成的联合视频小组JVT共同开发而成。H．264标准中包含了很多先进的视频压缩编码方法，与以前的视频编码标准相比有了明显的进步。在相同视觉感知质量的基础上，H．264的编码效率比MPEG-2提高了50％左右，并且有更好的网络友好性。
本文主要完成了对H．264视频压缩算法的编码器的各个关键环节的分析，以及对H．264视频压缩算法的软件实现的研究，还有对H．264视频压缩算法的压缩性能的测试和分析。另外，本文研究了基于TI DSP DM642的视频编码试验板的设计与实现，分析了基于DM642的H．264压缩算法的优化方向和具体的优化措施，并在这个硬件平台上对编码算法的实现函数进行了详细测试，对其编码效率、实时性和编码后压缩图像的质量进行了评估。
ITU-T Rec. H.264|ISO/IEC 14496-10 Advanced Video Coding (commonlyreferred as H.264/AVC) is the newest international video coding standards. It wasdeveloped by a Joint Video Team (JVT) consisting of experts from ITU-T's VideoCoding Experts Group (VCEG) and ISO/IEC's Moving Picture Experts Group(MPEG). Several coding elements contribute to the great improvement incompression efficiency for the new standard. In the process, the standard was createdthat improved compression efficiency by a factor about two (on average) overMPEG-2, and has more better network appetence.
This paper analyses the essential parts of the H.264 video encoder, as well asthe implementation of H.264 video compression software. It also tests and analyzesthe performance of the H.264 video compression algorithm. This paper has studiedthe design and the realization of the video encoding experiment board which is basedon the Texas Instruments' DSP DM642. It analyzes the DM642-based H.264compression algorithm optimization and the concrete optimization measures. It hascarried out the detailed test on the encoding functions which is running on thishardware platform, and has given the appraisal about the coding efficiency,timeliness and the quality of encoded pictures.
本文主要完成了对H．264视频压缩算法的编码器的各个关键环节的分析，以及对H．264视频压缩算法的软件实现的研究，还有对H．264视频压缩算法的压缩性能的测试和分析。另外，本文研究了基于TI DSP DM642的视频编码试验板的设计与实现，分析了基于DM642的H．264压缩算法的优化方向和具体的优化措施，并在这个硬件平台上对编码算法的实现函数进行了详细测试，对其编码效率、实时性和编码后压缩图像的质量进行了评估。
ITU-T Rec. H.264|ISO/IEC 14496-10 Advanced Video Coding (commonlyreferred as H.264/AVC) is the newest international video coding standards. It wasdeveloped by a Joint Video Team (JVT) consisting of experts from ITU-T's VideoCoding Experts Group (VCEG) and ISO/IEC's Moving Picture Experts Group(MPEG). Several coding elements contribute to the great improvement incompression efficiency for the new standard. In the process, the standard was createdthat improved compression efficiency by a factor about two (on average) overMPEG-2, and has more better network appetence.
This paper analyses the essential parts of the H.264 video encoder, as well asthe implementation of H.264 video compression software. It also tests and analyzesthe performance of the H.264 video compression algorithm. This paper has studiedthe design and the realization of the video encoding experiment board which is basedon the Texas Instruments' DSP DM642. It analyzes the DM642-based H.264compression algorithm optimization and the concrete optimization measures. It hascarried out the detailed test on the encoding functions which is running on thishardware platform, and has given the appraisal about the coding efficiency,timeliness and the quality of encoded pictures.
引文
[1] 朱秀昌．图像通信应用系统．北京：邮电大学出版社，2003：21-22．
[2] 刘峰．视频图像编码技术及国际标准．北京：邮电大学出版社，2005：32～36．
[3] 毕厚杰．新一代视频压缩编码标准——H．264／AVC．北京：人民邮电出版社，2005：87．
[4] T. Wiegand, G. J. Sullivan, G. Bjentegaard. Overview of the H,264/AVC video coding standard. IEEE Transaction Circuits And Systems Video Technology, vol. 13, 2003: 566～567.
[5] Draft ITU-T Recommendation and Final Draft International Standard of Joint VideoSpecification (ITU-T Rec. H.264 IISO/IEC 14496-10 AVC), 7a'Meeting: Pataya, Thailand, 7-14 March, 2003.
[6] 李弼程，彭天强，彭波．智能图像处理技术．北京：电子工业出版社，2002．
[7] 沈兰荪．视频编码与低速率传输．北京：电子工业出版社，2001
[8] 王华．Visual C++6.0编程实践与技巧．北京：机械工业出版社，2001．43～44
[9] Proposed Amended H.264/MPEG-4 AVC Reference Software Manual. Joint Video Team(JVT) of ISO/IEC MPEG & ITU-T VCEG, 14th Meeting: Hong Kong, PRC China 17-21 Jan., 2005: 3-1.
[10] 钟玉琢．MPEG-2运动图像压缩编码国际标准及MPEG的新进展[M]．北京：清华大学出版社，2002
[11] 李学明，李继．H．26L视频编码算法性能分析．中国图象图形学报，2003年，8(A)，No．12：1453～1455．
[12] TVP5150APBS Ultralow Power NTSC/PAL/SECAM Video Decoder With Robust Sync Detector DataSheet. Texas Instruments Incorporated, September, 2003.
[13] SAA7121 Digital Video Encoder (ConDENC) DataSheet. Philips Semiconductors, Jan, 1997.
[14] TMS320DM642 Video/Imaging Fixed-Point Digital Signal Processor. Texas Instruments Incorporated, April, 2005.
[15] TMS320C6000 Assembly Language Tools User's Guide. Texas Instruments Incorporated, April, 2004.
[16] 张雄伟．DSP芯片的原理与开发应用(第二版)．北京：电子工业出版社，2000．
[17] 彭启琮，李玉柏．DSP技术．成都：电子科技大学出版社，1997．
[18] 李方慧，王飞，何佩琨．TMS320C6000系列DSPs原理与应用(第二版)．北京；电子工业出版社，2003．
[19] TMS320C6000 Board Design for FLAG. Texas Instruments Incorporated, 1999.
[20] TMS320C6000 Board Design: Considerations for Debug. Texas Instruments Incorporated, 1999.
[21] 唐林波，赵保军，韦海萍等．DSP／BIOS在TMS320C6000编程中的应用及自举引导方法．测控技术，2004年，23卷增刊：284～286．
[2] 刘峰．视频图像编码技术及国际标准．北京：邮电大学出版社，2005：32～36．
[3] 毕厚杰．新一代视频压缩编码标准——H．264／AVC．北京：人民邮电出版社，2005：87．
[4] T. Wiegand, G. J. Sullivan, G. Bjentegaard. Overview of the H,264/AVC video coding standard. IEEE Transaction Circuits And Systems Video Technology, vol. 13, 2003: 566～567.
[5] Draft ITU-T Recommendation and Final Draft International Standard of Joint VideoSpecification (ITU-T Rec. H.264 IISO/IEC 14496-10 AVC), 7a'Meeting: Pataya, Thailand, 7-14 March, 2003.
[6] 李弼程，彭天强，彭波．智能图像处理技术．北京：电子工业出版社，2002．
[7] 沈兰荪．视频编码与低速率传输．北京：电子工业出版社，2001
[8] 王华．Visual C++6.0编程实践与技巧．北京：机械工业出版社，2001．43～44
[9] Proposed Amended H.264/MPEG-4 AVC Reference Software Manual. Joint Video Team(JVT) of ISO/IEC MPEG & ITU-T VCEG, 14th Meeting: Hong Kong, PRC China 17-21 Jan., 2005: 3-1.
[10] 钟玉琢．MPEG-2运动图像压缩编码国际标准及MPEG的新进展[M]．北京：清华大学出版社，2002
[11] 李学明，李继．H．26L视频编码算法性能分析．中国图象图形学报，2003年，8(A)，No．12：1453～1455．
[12] TVP5150APBS Ultralow Power NTSC/PAL/SECAM Video Decoder With Robust Sync Detector DataSheet. Texas Instruments Incorporated, September, 2003.
[13] SAA7121 Digital Video Encoder (ConDENC) DataSheet. Philips Semiconductors, Jan, 1997.
[14] TMS320DM642 Video/Imaging Fixed-Point Digital Signal Processor. Texas Instruments Incorporated, April, 2005.
[15] TMS320C6000 Assembly Language Tools User's Guide. Texas Instruments Incorporated, April, 2004.
[16] 张雄伟．DSP芯片的原理与开发应用(第二版)．北京：电子工业出版社，2000．
[17] 彭启琮，李玉柏．DSP技术．成都：电子科技大学出版社，1997．
[18] 李方慧，王飞，何佩琨．TMS320C6000系列DSPs原理与应用(第二版)．北京；电子工业出版社，2003．
[19] TMS320C6000 Board Design for FLAG. Texas Instruments Incorporated, 1999.
[20] TMS320C6000 Board Design: Considerations for Debug. Texas Instruments Incorporated, 1999.
[21] 唐林波，赵保军，韦海萍等．DSP／BIOS在TMS320C6000编程中的应用及自举引导方法．测控技术，2004年，23卷增刊：284～286．