基于反求工程的贵州少数物质民族文化遗产的保护和开发技术研究
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摘要
贵州是一个多民族聚居的省份,各民族历史悠久,文化交相辉映、绚丽多彩,这些具有贵州少数民族特色的丰富文化遗产是中华民族文化遗产的精髓,也是唯一的不可替换、不可再生、不能重现的宝贵财富。随着社会的发展和科技的进步,西部大开发的推进,经济全球化,旅游业的发展,这些悠久灿烂的文化遗产正在由于大自然的侵蚀,人为的破坏和保护手段的落后面临着即将消失的窘境。
反求工程是对已有的零件或实物原型,利用3D数字化设备,准确、快速地测量出实物表面的三维坐标点,并根据这些坐标点通过三维几何建模方法重建实物的CAD模型的过程,是一种新型的设计方法。本文将反求工程技术应用于贵州少数民族物质文化遗产的保护与开发研究中,进行了贵州少数民族物质文化遗产的保护和开发技术研究。
反求工程的关键技术包括:数据采集、数据处理和模型重建。本文对这几个关键技术所应用的理论和各种研究方法的进行了全面分析,对贵州少数民族物质文化遗产的现状进行了调查研究,选用具有贵州少数民族物质文化遗产特色的地戏面具和石刻小鸟作为研究样本。在反求工程技术研究的基础下,利用三维激光扫描仪获得反映实体的三维点云数据,运用反求工程软件Geomagic Studio 8.0进行数据处理,得到实体的三维图像,再利用快速成型机设备,获得了传统方法所无法精确再现的原有实体。
研究表明反求工程运用到贵州少数民族物质文化遗产的保护和开发中,开辟了物质文化遗产保护方法的新思路,研究成果对贵州少数民族物质文化遗产的保护研究具有重要意义,对提高贵州旅游产品的开发速度、促进贵州旅游业的发展均具有一定的适用性。
Guizhou is the province which more than nationalities live together, various national history is glorious, the culture enhances one another's beauty gorgeously, these rich cultural heritage have the Guizhou national minority characteristic is the Chinese nation cultural heritage essences, also is the precious wealth which only cannot replace, cannot renewably, cannot reappear. Along with society's development and technical progress, the West greatly of propulsion, economical globalization, tourism development, these long brilliant cultural inheritance just face the embarrassing situation that will soon disappear, because of the erosion of the nature changes, Artificial destruction and the protection means of fall behind.
The reverse engineering making use of the 3D digitization equipment, accurately and fast measure the three dimensional coordinates points on the surface of object which is the existed components or prototypes, in kind which has, and through the three dimensional geometry modelling method reconstruction material object CAD model process. It is one new design method. This article has applied the reverse engineering technology in the Guizhou national minority material cultural heritage protection and the development research, and has carried on the Guizhou national minority material cultural heritage protection and the development engineering research.
The reverse engineering key technologies includes: Data acquisition, data processing and model reconstruction. This article has comprehensively analyzed the theory and each research technique which these key technologies apply, has investigated and studied Guizhou national minority material cultural heritage present situation, and has selected the place play mask and the carved stone bird which have the Guizhou national minority material cultural heritage characteristic as the research sample. Under the reverse engineering research foundation, using the three dimensional laser scanner to obtain the three dimensional point cloud data of the entity, using the reverse engineering software Geomagic Studio 8.0 to carry on the data processing, obtained the entity three dimensional image, again using the Rapid Prototyping equipment to obtain the original entity which the traditional method is unable to reappear precisely.
The research indicated utilizes the reverse engineering the Guizhou national minority material cultural heritage in the protection and the development, opened a new mentality in the material cultural heritage protection method. The research results had the vital significance to the Guizhou national minority material cultural heritage protection research, to enhanced the Guizhou traveling product the development speed, promotes the Guizhou tourism development to have certain serviceability.
反求工程是对已有的零件或实物原型,利用3D数字化设备,准确、快速地测量出实物表面的三维坐标点,并根据这些坐标点通过三维几何建模方法重建实物的CAD模型的过程,是一种新型的设计方法。本文将反求工程技术应用于贵州少数民族物质文化遗产的保护与开发研究中,进行了贵州少数民族物质文化遗产的保护和开发技术研究。
反求工程的关键技术包括:数据采集、数据处理和模型重建。本文对这几个关键技术所应用的理论和各种研究方法的进行了全面分析,对贵州少数民族物质文化遗产的现状进行了调查研究,选用具有贵州少数民族物质文化遗产特色的地戏面具和石刻小鸟作为研究样本。在反求工程技术研究的基础下,利用三维激光扫描仪获得反映实体的三维点云数据,运用反求工程软件Geomagic Studio 8.0进行数据处理,得到实体的三维图像,再利用快速成型机设备,获得了传统方法所无法精确再现的原有实体。
研究表明反求工程运用到贵州少数民族物质文化遗产的保护和开发中,开辟了物质文化遗产保护方法的新思路,研究成果对贵州少数民族物质文化遗产的保护研究具有重要意义,对提高贵州旅游产品的开发速度、促进贵州旅游业的发展均具有一定的适用性。
Guizhou is the province which more than nationalities live together, various national history is glorious, the culture enhances one another's beauty gorgeously, these rich cultural heritage have the Guizhou national minority characteristic is the Chinese nation cultural heritage essences, also is the precious wealth which only cannot replace, cannot renewably, cannot reappear. Along with society's development and technical progress, the West greatly of propulsion, economical globalization, tourism development, these long brilliant cultural inheritance just face the embarrassing situation that will soon disappear, because of the erosion of the nature changes, Artificial destruction and the protection means of fall behind.
The reverse engineering making use of the 3D digitization equipment, accurately and fast measure the three dimensional coordinates points on the surface of object which is the existed components or prototypes, in kind which has, and through the three dimensional geometry modelling method reconstruction material object CAD model process. It is one new design method. This article has applied the reverse engineering technology in the Guizhou national minority material cultural heritage protection and the development research, and has carried on the Guizhou national minority material cultural heritage protection and the development engineering research.
The reverse engineering key technologies includes: Data acquisition, data processing and model reconstruction. This article has comprehensively analyzed the theory and each research technique which these key technologies apply, has investigated and studied Guizhou national minority material cultural heritage present situation, and has selected the place play mask and the carved stone bird which have the Guizhou national minority material cultural heritage characteristic as the research sample. Under the reverse engineering research foundation, using the three dimensional laser scanner to obtain the three dimensional point cloud data of the entity, using the reverse engineering software Geomagic Studio 8.0 to carry on the data processing, obtained the entity three dimensional image, again using the Rapid Prototyping equipment to obtain the original entity which the traditional method is unable to reappear precisely.
The research indicated utilizes the reverse engineering the Guizhou national minority material cultural heritage in the protection and the development, opened a new mentality in the material cultural heritage protection method. The research results had the vital significance to the Guizhou national minority material cultural heritage protection research, to enhanced the Guizhou traveling product the development speed, promotes the Guizhou tourism development to have certain serviceability.
引文
[1]刘之生.反求工程技术.机械工业出版社,1996.
[2]R.B.Aronsoh.Forward thinkers take to reverse engineering.Manufacturing Engineering.1996,11:34-44.
[3]王宵,刘会霞,梁佳洪.逆向工程技术及其应用.化学工业出版社,2004.
[4]金涛,陈建良,童水光.逆向工程技术研究进展.中国机械工程.
[5]李江雄,柯映林.基于特征的复杂曲面反求建模技术研究.机械工程学报.2000.36(5):18-22.
[6]李江雄,柯映林,程耀东.基于实物的复杂曲面产品反求工程中的CAD建模技术.中国机械工程,1999,10(4):390-393.
[7]丁汉,朱利民等.复杂曲面快速测量/建模及基于测量点云的RP和NC加工.机械工程学报,2003,39(11):28-37.
[8]陈顶君,程俊廷等.反求工程测量方法综述.机械,2004,31(4):19-21.
[9]张舜德,朱东波.反求工程中三维几何形状测量及数据预处理,机电工程技术,2001,1:7-10.
[10]周利民.自由曲面快速反求技术与应用研究[博士学位论文].西安:西安交通大学机械工程学院,1997.
[11]刘春明,方漪.寻找三维散乱数据点拓扑结构的一种算法.青岛大学学报,2003,18(3):20-24.
[12]吕震.反求工程CAD建模中的特征技术研究[博士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2003.
[13]Bentley J L.Multi-dimensional divide and conquer.Communications of the CAM,1980,23(4):214-229.
[14]金涛,童水光等.逆向工程技术.机械工业出版社.2003.
[15]许智欣,孙长库等.3D逆向工程技术.计量科学出版社.2004:3-4.
[16]金涛,单岩等.实物测量造型中的测量数据重定位方法.计算机辅助设计与图形学学报.2001.13(4).
[17]吴敏,周来水等.测量点云数据的多视拼合技术研究.南京航天航空大学学报.2003.10.
[18]Paul.J.Besl,Neil D.McKay.A Method for Registration of 3-D Shapes.IEEE transactions On Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.1992,14(2)
[19]H.H.Chen.Pose Determination from Line-to-Plane Correspondences:Existence Condition and Closed-From Solutions.IEEE Transactions On PAMI,1991,15(6).
[20]Lai J Y,Ueng W D,YAO C Y.Registraion and data merging for multiple set of scan data.Advanced Manufacturing Techonlogy.1999.15.
[21]黄国珍,卢章平.面向逆向工程的点云数据精简方法.机械设计与研究,2005,21(3):59-61.
[22]黄明晓,郑康平,姚斌.曲面重构点云数据的压缩处理研究,组合技创与自动加工技术,2004,5:67-69.
[23]Lin A C,Chen C F.Point-data processing and error analysis in reverse engineering.International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,1998,14(11):824-834.
[24]Sun W,Bradley C,Zhang YF,Loh HT.Cloud datamodeling employing a unified non-redundant triangular mesh.Computer Aided Design 2001,33(1):83-93.
[25]Martin R R,Stroud I A,Marshal A D.Data reduction for reverse for reverse engineering.RECCAD,Deliverable Document COPERUNICUS project.Computer and Automation Institute of Hungarian Academy of Science,1996(1068):63-69.
[26]周绿,林亨,钟约先.曲面重构中测量点云精简方法的研究.中国制造业信息化,2004,33(5):102-104.
[27]Garland M,Heckbert P.Surface simplification using quadric error metrics.SIGGRAPH 97,1997.
[28]Turk G.Re-tiling polygonal surfaces.SIGGRAPH 92,1992.
[29]钱锦峰.点云预处理中的关键技术研究[硕士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2005.
[30]蔡勇.基于核机器学习的点云处理若干方法研究[博士学位论文].程度:西南交通大学,2006.
[31]Pauly M,Gross M,Kobbelt L.Efficient Simplification of Point-sampled Geometry [J].IEEE Visualization,2002:41-49.
[32]戴静兰.海量点云预处理算法研究[硕士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2005.
[33]Frinkelstein.A,Salesin.D.HMultiresolution curves.SIGGRAPH 1994:261-268.
[34]Milroy M J,Bradley C,Vickers GW.Segmentation of a Wrap around Model Using an Active Contour.Computer Aided Design.1997,29(4):299-320.
[35]Yang M,Lee E.Segmentation of Measured Point Data Using a Parametric Quadric Surface Approximation.Computer Aided Design.1991(31):449-457.
[36]Besl P J,Jain R C.Segmentation Through Variable Surface Fitting.IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analy-sisand Machine Intelligence.1911,10(2):169-192.
[37]朱玉红.基于快速原形制造的反求工程.机械设计与制造.2005.2:65-67.
[38]周国玉 杨明金 张建军.快速成形技术的基本原理及其相关技术.现代制造工程2005(3):126-128.
[2]R.B.Aronsoh.Forward thinkers take to reverse engineering.Manufacturing Engineering.1996,11:34-44.
[3]王宵,刘会霞,梁佳洪.逆向工程技术及其应用.化学工业出版社,2004.
[4]金涛,陈建良,童水光.逆向工程技术研究进展.中国机械工程.
[5]李江雄,柯映林.基于特征的复杂曲面反求建模技术研究.机械工程学报.2000.36(5):18-22.
[6]李江雄,柯映林,程耀东.基于实物的复杂曲面产品反求工程中的CAD建模技术.中国机械工程,1999,10(4):390-393.
[7]丁汉,朱利民等.复杂曲面快速测量/建模及基于测量点云的RP和NC加工.机械工程学报,2003,39(11):28-37.
[8]陈顶君,程俊廷等.反求工程测量方法综述.机械,2004,31(4):19-21.
[9]张舜德,朱东波.反求工程中三维几何形状测量及数据预处理,机电工程技术,2001,1:7-10.
[10]周利民.自由曲面快速反求技术与应用研究[博士学位论文].西安:西安交通大学机械工程学院,1997.
[11]刘春明,方漪.寻找三维散乱数据点拓扑结构的一种算法.青岛大学学报,2003,18(3):20-24.
[12]吕震.反求工程CAD建模中的特征技术研究[博士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2003.
[13]Bentley J L.Multi-dimensional divide and conquer.Communications of the CAM,1980,23(4):214-229.
[14]金涛,童水光等.逆向工程技术.机械工业出版社.2003.
[15]许智欣,孙长库等.3D逆向工程技术.计量科学出版社.2004:3-4.
[16]金涛,单岩等.实物测量造型中的测量数据重定位方法.计算机辅助设计与图形学学报.2001.13(4).
[17]吴敏,周来水等.测量点云数据的多视拼合技术研究.南京航天航空大学学报.2003.10.
[18]Paul.J.Besl,Neil D.McKay.A Method for Registration of 3-D Shapes.IEEE transactions On Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.1992,14(2)
[19]H.H.Chen.Pose Determination from Line-to-Plane Correspondences:Existence Condition and Closed-From Solutions.IEEE Transactions On PAMI,1991,15(6).
[20]Lai J Y,Ueng W D,YAO C Y.Registraion and data merging for multiple set of scan data.Advanced Manufacturing Techonlogy.1999.15.
[21]黄国珍,卢章平.面向逆向工程的点云数据精简方法.机械设计与研究,2005,21(3):59-61.
[22]黄明晓,郑康平,姚斌.曲面重构点云数据的压缩处理研究,组合技创与自动加工技术,2004,5:67-69.
[23]Lin A C,Chen C F.Point-data processing and error analysis in reverse engineering.International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,1998,14(11):824-834.
[24]Sun W,Bradley C,Zhang YF,Loh HT.Cloud datamodeling employing a unified non-redundant triangular mesh.Computer Aided Design 2001,33(1):83-93.
[25]Martin R R,Stroud I A,Marshal A D.Data reduction for reverse for reverse engineering.RECCAD,Deliverable Document COPERUNICUS project.Computer and Automation Institute of Hungarian Academy of Science,1996(1068):63-69.
[26]周绿,林亨,钟约先.曲面重构中测量点云精简方法的研究.中国制造业信息化,2004,33(5):102-104.
[27]Garland M,Heckbert P.Surface simplification using quadric error metrics.SIGGRAPH 97,1997.
[28]Turk G.Re-tiling polygonal surfaces.SIGGRAPH 92,1992.
[29]钱锦峰.点云预处理中的关键技术研究[硕士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2005.
[30]蔡勇.基于核机器学习的点云处理若干方法研究[博士学位论文].程度:西南交通大学,2006.
[31]Pauly M,Gross M,Kobbelt L.Efficient Simplification of Point-sampled Geometry [J].IEEE Visualization,2002:41-49.
[32]戴静兰.海量点云预处理算法研究[硕士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2005.
[33]Frinkelstein.A,Salesin.D.HMultiresolution curves.SIGGRAPH 1994:261-268.
[34]Milroy M J,Bradley C,Vickers GW.Segmentation of a Wrap around Model Using an Active Contour.Computer Aided Design.1997,29(4):299-320.
[35]Yang M,Lee E.Segmentation of Measured Point Data Using a Parametric Quadric Surface Approximation.Computer Aided Design.1991(31):449-457.
[36]Besl P J,Jain R C.Segmentation Through Variable Surface Fitting.IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analy-sisand Machine Intelligence.1911,10(2):169-192.
[37]朱玉红.基于快速原形制造的反求工程.机械设计与制造.2005.2:65-67.
[38]周国玉 杨明金 张建军.快速成形技术的基本原理及其相关技术.现代制造工程2005(3):126-128.