利用外商直接投资提升我国农业国际竞争力研究
|
摘要
农业,作为世界各国最重要的产业之一,在全球化浪潮的推动下,农业全球化、国际化、一体化及商品化的趋势也越来越明显。我国虽是农业大国但绝不是农业强国,农业发展受到资本投入不足、技术水平落后、农业整体水平不高等因素的制约。改革开放三十年来,为了解决这些问题提升我国农业国际竞争力,我国一直将农业外商直接投资作为农业发展的重点。因此研究外商直接投资对我国农业国际竞争力的影响具有非常深远的现实意义。
本论文通过分析外商直接投资与农业国际竞争力的关系,梳理了相关研究成果,归纳总结了相关理论,并对比较优势理论和竞争优势理论在经济分析研究运用中的区别进行了比较;在总结研究成果的基础上,对农业国际竞争力的内涵进行了重新界定;结合农业国际竞争力的具体特征,以比较优势理论和竞争优势理论为基础,认为影响农业国际竞争力的因素分为自然因素、人力因素、资本因素、科技因素和市场因素五大方面共16个具体指标,设计出一套适合我国的农业国际竞争力分析框架;在道格拉斯生产函数的基础上,结合新古典经济增长模型,推导出了农业吸引的外商直接投资与农业经济增长间的具有普遍意义的关系表达式,然后在G-S-W模型的基础上进行推导,说明了外商直接投资的流入带来的出口信息溢出效应、竞争效应和示范效应对东道国企业出口都具有促进作用。随后,本文全面系统地归纳总结了我国农业吸收外商直接投资的现状及特点,搜集了我国1996～2008年的相关数据,运用计量经济学软件Eviews5.0和amos5.0测算了外商直接投资对我国农业国际竞争力的直接影响和间接影响。最后,在理论和实证分析的基础上提出了我国提升农业国际竞争力的对策及建议。
本文在学习、研究和借鉴前人研究成果的基础上,对农业国际竞争力的内涵进行了重新界定,设计出了新的农业国竞争力评价体系。在机理研究上,运用数学推导的方法,解释了外商直接投资对农业国际竞争力的影响效应。实证研究上,运用主成分分析和结构方程模型,测算了农业外商直接投资对我国农业国际竞争力直接影响和间接影响程度。
Agriculture, as one of the most important industry in the world, with the wave of globalization pushing, the globalization, internationalization, integration and commercialization trend of that has been became more and more obviously. China, so-called a big agricultural country, is not a strong agricultural country absolutely. China's agricultural development is restricted by many factors, such as insufficiency of capital investment, poor technical level, and so on. For solving these problems to promote china's agricultural international competitiveness, it's 30 years since reform and opening that china is making emphasis upon agricultural development by using FDI. So studying the effect of FDI on agricultural international competitiveness has profoundly realistic significance.
This paper, through analyzing the relation between FDI and agricultural international competitiveness, combs relative research results, concludes and summarizes relative theories, and compares differences in the process of economic analysis between comparative advantage theory and competitive advantage theory. On the base of previous results, this paper gives a new definition to the connotation of agricultural international competitiveness, and combining with concrete features of agricultural international competitiveness, divides these factors which could have large effect on agricultural international competitiveness into 5 respects: nature factor, labor factor, capital factor, science factor and market factor, totally 16 concrete targets, and designs a set of new index system to judge agricultural international competitiveness. What's more, on the base of Douglas Production Function, combining with new classical economic growth model, this paper derives universal relational expression. Then on the base of G-S-W model, explains that overflow effect of export information, competitive effect and demonstration effect which come into existence with FDI inflow have promotion influence on export of host country. Subsequently, this paper concludes and summarizes present situation and characters of china's agricultural FDI, collects china's relative dates from 1996 to 2008, calculates the direct and indirect effect of FDI on agricultural international competitiveness by using soft Eviews5.0 and amos5.0. At last, this paper puts forward countermeasure and suggestion on the base of theoretical and empirical analysis.
After studying, researching and referring previous results, this paper redefines the connotation of agricultural international competitiveness, and designs a set of new judging system for agricultural international competitiveness. In respect of mechanism research, this paper explains how FDI affect agricultural international competitiveness by using mathematical derivation. In respect of empirical analysis, this paper calculates the direct and indirect effect of FDI on agricultural international competitiveness by principal component analysis and structural equation model.
本论文通过分析外商直接投资与农业国际竞争力的关系,梳理了相关研究成果,归纳总结了相关理论,并对比较优势理论和竞争优势理论在经济分析研究运用中的区别进行了比较;在总结研究成果的基础上,对农业国际竞争力的内涵进行了重新界定;结合农业国际竞争力的具体特征,以比较优势理论和竞争优势理论为基础,认为影响农业国际竞争力的因素分为自然因素、人力因素、资本因素、科技因素和市场因素五大方面共16个具体指标,设计出一套适合我国的农业国际竞争力分析框架;在道格拉斯生产函数的基础上,结合新古典经济增长模型,推导出了农业吸引的外商直接投资与农业经济增长间的具有普遍意义的关系表达式,然后在G-S-W模型的基础上进行推导,说明了外商直接投资的流入带来的出口信息溢出效应、竞争效应和示范效应对东道国企业出口都具有促进作用。随后,本文全面系统地归纳总结了我国农业吸收外商直接投资的现状及特点,搜集了我国1996～2008年的相关数据,运用计量经济学软件Eviews5.0和amos5.0测算了外商直接投资对我国农业国际竞争力的直接影响和间接影响。最后,在理论和实证分析的基础上提出了我国提升农业国际竞争力的对策及建议。
本文在学习、研究和借鉴前人研究成果的基础上,对农业国际竞争力的内涵进行了重新界定,设计出了新的农业国竞争力评价体系。在机理研究上,运用数学推导的方法,解释了外商直接投资对农业国际竞争力的影响效应。实证研究上,运用主成分分析和结构方程模型,测算了农业外商直接投资对我国农业国际竞争力直接影响和间接影响程度。
Agriculture, as one of the most important industry in the world, with the wave of globalization pushing, the globalization, internationalization, integration and commercialization trend of that has been became more and more obviously. China, so-called a big agricultural country, is not a strong agricultural country absolutely. China's agricultural development is restricted by many factors, such as insufficiency of capital investment, poor technical level, and so on. For solving these problems to promote china's agricultural international competitiveness, it's 30 years since reform and opening that china is making emphasis upon agricultural development by using FDI. So studying the effect of FDI on agricultural international competitiveness has profoundly realistic significance.
This paper, through analyzing the relation between FDI and agricultural international competitiveness, combs relative research results, concludes and summarizes relative theories, and compares differences in the process of economic analysis between comparative advantage theory and competitive advantage theory. On the base of previous results, this paper gives a new definition to the connotation of agricultural international competitiveness, and combining with concrete features of agricultural international competitiveness, divides these factors which could have large effect on agricultural international competitiveness into 5 respects: nature factor, labor factor, capital factor, science factor and market factor, totally 16 concrete targets, and designs a set of new index system to judge agricultural international competitiveness. What's more, on the base of Douglas Production Function, combining with new classical economic growth model, this paper derives universal relational expression. Then on the base of G-S-W model, explains that overflow effect of export information, competitive effect and demonstration effect which come into existence with FDI inflow have promotion influence on export of host country. Subsequently, this paper concludes and summarizes present situation and characters of china's agricultural FDI, collects china's relative dates from 1996 to 2008, calculates the direct and indirect effect of FDI on agricultural international competitiveness by using soft Eviews5.0 and amos5.0. At last, this paper puts forward countermeasure and suggestion on the base of theoretical and empirical analysis.
After studying, researching and referring previous results, this paper redefines the connotation of agricultural international competitiveness, and designs a set of new judging system for agricultural international competitiveness. In respect of mechanism research, this paper explains how FDI affect agricultural international competitiveness by using mathematical derivation. In respect of empirical analysis, this paper calculates the direct and indirect effect of FDI on agricultural international competitiveness by principal component analysis and structural equation model.
引文
[1]白人朴、秦富、孙立新.中国与其他主产国及周边国家大豆的比较优势研究[J].农业技术经济.2003(07)
[2]白人朴、秦富、孙立新.我国主要粮食作物比较优势研究[J].农业技术经济.2002(05)
[3]陈雷.山东农业利用外商投资存在的问题及对策[J].农村经济与科技.2008(07)
[4]程培堽、杨国勇.农业利用外商直接投资的分析与建议[J].社会科学战线.2008(06)
[5]戴思锐.农产品竞争力的系统分析力[C].载杨雍哲主编《论提高农产品国际竞争力》.中国农业出版社.2003年1月版
[6]顾国达、张磊.我国畜产品出口的比较优势分析[J].中国农村经济.2001(07)
[7]国家体改委经济体制改革研究院、中国人民大学、综合开发研究院联合研究组.《中国国际竞争力发展报告》(1996)(1997)(1999)[M].中国人民大学出版社,1997、1998、1999
[8]侯石安.提升农产品国际竞争力的财政支持[J].商业时代.2004(24)
[9]胡小平.对当前农技推广问题的思考[J].中国农技推广.2003(06)
[10]黄季现、马恒运.中国主要农产品生产成本与主要国际竞争者的比较[J].中国农村经济.2000(05)
[11]柯炳生.提高农产品竞争力:理论、现状与政策建议[C].载杨雍哲土编《论提高农产品国际竞争力》.中国农业出版社.2003年1月版
[12]柯炳生.提高中国农产品的国际竞争力[J].农业经济学.2001(08)
[13]李建民.国外农业利用外资的新变化[J].国际经济合作.2000(12)
[14]刘春香、宋玉华.加大政府支农力度,提高我国农业国际竞争力[J].技术经济.2005(02)
[15]刘春香、宋玉华.农产品比较优势与竞争力研究[J].中国农业大学学报.2004(04)
[16]卢锋、梅孝峰.我国“入世”农业影响的省区分布估测[J].经济研究.2001(04)
[17]祁培岩,汪薇.我国加入WTO后农业利用外资的形势分析及对策初探[J].宁夏社会科学.2001(05)
[18]闰国庆、陈丽静、刘春香.我国农产品比较优势和竞争力的实证分析[J].国际贸易问题.2004(04)
[19]司伟、王秀清.中国糖料生产成本差异及其原因分析[J].农业技术经济.2004(02)
[20]万舟.提高中国农业国际竞争力的对策[J].天水行政学院学报.2004(01)
[21]王立蒙.进一步扩大农业利用外商直接投资[J].合作经济与科技.2004(18)
[22]王瑞.宁夏农业利用外资的现状及措施[J].科技信息.2008(27)
[23]徐文涛.发展龙头加工企业 推进农业产业化进程[J].农村、农业、农民.2003(02)
[24]严启发.农业利用外资的现状、问题与建议[J].中国外贸.2003(01)
[25]游士兵、肖加元.农业竞争力的测度方法与实证分析[J].中州学刊.2004(5)
[26]于永维主编.加入世贸组织与提升农业竞争力-海峡两岸农业高级论坛论文集[C].中国农业出版社.2003年3月第一版
[27]袁伯涛.降低农产品成本增强农业竞争力--在WTO框架内政府对农业的保护和支持论[C].提高农产品国际竞争力学术研讨会论文集.2002
[28]中国社会科学院工业研究所(2002).中国工业发展报告(2002)[M].经济管理出版社,2002
[29]钟甫宁.中国主要粮食产品比较优势的差异及其变动[J].南京农业大学学报.2000(04)
[30]周维富.农业利用外商直接投资与产业结构调整[J].经济研究参考.2000(21)
[31]AITKEN B,HANSON G,HARRISON A E.Spillovers,foreign investment and export behaviour[J].Journal of International Economics.1997,43:103-132
[32]C.A.Kannapiran,E.M.Fleming.Competitiveness and Comparative Advantage of agriculture in Brazil[J].Agricultural and Resource Ecinomics.2000,
[33]Dan Rosen,Scott Rozelle and Jikun Huang.Roots of Competitiveness:China's Evolving Agriculture Interests[J].Policy Analyses in International Economics.2004:vol.72.
[34]Dunning.J,Multinational Enterprises and the Global Economy[J],Addison-Wesley Publishers Ltd.,New York,1993
[35]Gorto,Matthew;Danilowska,Alina;Jarka,Stwomir,Slawomir.The international competitiveness of Polish agriculture[J].Post-Communist Economies.Dec 2001:Vol.13,Issue4
[36]GREENAWAY D,SOUSA N,WAKELIN K.Do domestic firms learn to export from multinationals?[J].European Journal of Political Economy.2004,20:1027-1043
[37]Kevin Z.Chen,Lian Xu,Yufeng Duan.Ex-Post Competitiveness ofChina's Export in Agri-Food Products:1980-96[J].Agribusiness.2000(16)
[38]Li Yingming,"Analyses on Reasons of Limited FDI Inflow to Agriculture in China,Economy Forum,2003(3)
[39]Liang Bei,Du Qihua,"Intemational Investment,University of International Business and Economies Press,2004.2
[40]Liu Rongmao,Li Jia,"Research on Promoting Agriculture of our Country by Utilizing Foreign Capital:Challenges and Advices,Guangdong Agricultural Science,2005(4)
[41]M.E.Porter.The Competive Advantage of Nation[M].The Macmillan Press Ltd,London and Basingstoke,1990:P20
[42]OECD(1998),Globalization of Industrial R&D:Policy Implications,Working Group on Innovation and Technology Policy[M].June 1998
[43]Peter H.Lindhert and Charles P.Kindleberger.International Economies 7~(th)[M],Chapter 6and 7,Homewood,Ill:Richard D.Irwin.1982
[44]RHEE Y W,BeLOT T.Export Catalysts in Low-income Countries:A Review of Eleven Success Stories[M].Washington,D.C.:World Bank.1990:1-10
[45] Scott D.Rozelle and Daniel A. Sumner:Agricultural Trade and Policy in China [M].in Hardback. 2003
[46] Wang Dewen.China s Agricultural Readjustment and Reform in the WTO Era[J]. Social Sciences in China.2002(04)
[47] Wei S.J, Attracting Foreign Direct Investment: Has China Reached Its Potential?, China Economic Review, 1995
[2]白人朴、秦富、孙立新.我国主要粮食作物比较优势研究[J].农业技术经济.2002(05)
[3]陈雷.山东农业利用外商投资存在的问题及对策[J].农村经济与科技.2008(07)
[4]程培堽、杨国勇.农业利用外商直接投资的分析与建议[J].社会科学战线.2008(06)
[5]戴思锐.农产品竞争力的系统分析力[C].载杨雍哲主编《论提高农产品国际竞争力》.中国农业出版社.2003年1月版
[6]顾国达、张磊.我国畜产品出口的比较优势分析[J].中国农村经济.2001(07)
[7]国家体改委经济体制改革研究院、中国人民大学、综合开发研究院联合研究组.《中国国际竞争力发展报告》(1996)(1997)(1999)[M].中国人民大学出版社,1997、1998、1999
[8]侯石安.提升农产品国际竞争力的财政支持[J].商业时代.2004(24)
[9]胡小平.对当前农技推广问题的思考[J].中国农技推广.2003(06)
[10]黄季现、马恒运.中国主要农产品生产成本与主要国际竞争者的比较[J].中国农村经济.2000(05)
[11]柯炳生.提高农产品竞争力:理论、现状与政策建议[C].载杨雍哲土编《论提高农产品国际竞争力》.中国农业出版社.2003年1月版
[12]柯炳生.提高中国农产品的国际竞争力[J].农业经济学.2001(08)
[13]李建民.国外农业利用外资的新变化[J].国际经济合作.2000(12)
[14]刘春香、宋玉华.加大政府支农力度,提高我国农业国际竞争力[J].技术经济.2005(02)
[15]刘春香、宋玉华.农产品比较优势与竞争力研究[J].中国农业大学学报.2004(04)
[16]卢锋、梅孝峰.我国“入世”农业影响的省区分布估测[J].经济研究.2001(04)
[17]祁培岩,汪薇.我国加入WTO后农业利用外资的形势分析及对策初探[J].宁夏社会科学.2001(05)
[18]闰国庆、陈丽静、刘春香.我国农产品比较优势和竞争力的实证分析[J].国际贸易问题.2004(04)
[19]司伟、王秀清.中国糖料生产成本差异及其原因分析[J].农业技术经济.2004(02)
[20]万舟.提高中国农业国际竞争力的对策[J].天水行政学院学报.2004(01)
[21]王立蒙.进一步扩大农业利用外商直接投资[J].合作经济与科技.2004(18)
[22]王瑞.宁夏农业利用外资的现状及措施[J].科技信息.2008(27)
[23]徐文涛.发展龙头加工企业 推进农业产业化进程[J].农村、农业、农民.2003(02)
[24]严启发.农业利用外资的现状、问题与建议[J].中国外贸.2003(01)
[25]游士兵、肖加元.农业竞争力的测度方法与实证分析[J].中州学刊.2004(5)
[26]于永维主编.加入世贸组织与提升农业竞争力-海峡两岸农业高级论坛论文集[C].中国农业出版社.2003年3月第一版
[27]袁伯涛.降低农产品成本增强农业竞争力--在WTO框架内政府对农业的保护和支持论[C].提高农产品国际竞争力学术研讨会论文集.2002
[28]中国社会科学院工业研究所(2002).中国工业发展报告(2002)[M].经济管理出版社,2002
[29]钟甫宁.中国主要粮食产品比较优势的差异及其变动[J].南京农业大学学报.2000(04)
[30]周维富.农业利用外商直接投资与产业结构调整[J].经济研究参考.2000(21)
[31]AITKEN B,HANSON G,HARRISON A E.Spillovers,foreign investment and export behaviour[J].Journal of International Economics.1997,43:103-132
[32]C.A.Kannapiran,E.M.Fleming.Competitiveness and Comparative Advantage of agriculture in Brazil[J].Agricultural and Resource Ecinomics.2000,
[33]Dan Rosen,Scott Rozelle and Jikun Huang.Roots of Competitiveness:China's Evolving Agriculture Interests[J].Policy Analyses in International Economics.2004:vol.72.
[34]Dunning.J,Multinational Enterprises and the Global Economy[J],Addison-Wesley Publishers Ltd.,New York,1993
[35]Gorto,Matthew;Danilowska,Alina;Jarka,Stwomir,Slawomir.The international competitiveness of Polish agriculture[J].Post-Communist Economies.Dec 2001:Vol.13,Issue4
[36]GREENAWAY D,SOUSA N,WAKELIN K.Do domestic firms learn to export from multinationals?[J].European Journal of Political Economy.2004,20:1027-1043
[37]Kevin Z.Chen,Lian Xu,Yufeng Duan.Ex-Post Competitiveness ofChina's Export in Agri-Food Products:1980-96[J].Agribusiness.2000(16)
[38]Li Yingming,"Analyses on Reasons of Limited FDI Inflow to Agriculture in China,Economy Forum,2003(3)
[39]Liang Bei,Du Qihua,"Intemational Investment,University of International Business and Economies Press,2004.2
[40]Liu Rongmao,Li Jia,"Research on Promoting Agriculture of our Country by Utilizing Foreign Capital:Challenges and Advices,Guangdong Agricultural Science,2005(4)
[41]M.E.Porter.The Competive Advantage of Nation[M].The Macmillan Press Ltd,London and Basingstoke,1990:P20
[42]OECD(1998),Globalization of Industrial R&D:Policy Implications,Working Group on Innovation and Technology Policy[M].June 1998
[43]Peter H.Lindhert and Charles P.Kindleberger.International Economies 7~(th)[M],Chapter 6and 7,Homewood,Ill:Richard D.Irwin.1982
[44]RHEE Y W,BeLOT T.Export Catalysts in Low-income Countries:A Review of Eleven Success Stories[M].Washington,D.C.:World Bank.1990:1-10
[45] Scott D.Rozelle and Daniel A. Sumner:Agricultural Trade and Policy in China [M].in Hardback. 2003
[46] Wang Dewen.China s Agricultural Readjustment and Reform in the WTO Era[J]. Social Sciences in China.2002(04)
[47] Wei S.J, Attracting Foreign Direct Investment: Has China Reached Its Potential?, China Economic Review, 1995