转谷氨酰胺酶在羊毛生物改性中的应用及研究
摘要
传统的羊毛改性常常使用氯化剂及其衍生物,但氯化过程所产生的AOX会造成严重的环境污染,因此受到严格的限制。于是纺织工作者研究开发采用氧化,生物等方法对羊毛进行改性,达到防缩,细化和丝光等效果。但羊毛的减法改性工艺往往会对羊毛纤维本身造成不同程度的损伤,特别是目前正被广泛研究和开发的蛋白酶技术,由于蛋白酶分子常常先水解纤维内部易水解部分,造成羊毛结构的严重破坏,强力下降显著,成为蛋白酶技术不能应用于生产的重要原因之一。
转谷氨酰胺酶(transglutaminase,简称TG)是一类催化蛋白质中赖氨酸残基上的ε-氨基和谷氨酰胺残基上的γ-羟酰胺基之间结合的聚合性酶,使蛋白质形成交联。羊毛蛋白中含有较为丰富的赖氨酸和谷氨酰胺,利用转谷氨酰胺酶可以催化羊毛蛋白内部形成共价交联,修复蛋白酶对羊毛的损伤。
本课题,首先用转谷氨酰胺酶修复羊毛的化学损伤,生物损伤,化学/生物多重损伤,通过比较其对三种损伤的修复效果,探讨转谷氨酰胺酶修复羊毛损伤的作用机理。pH值,温度,处理浓度及时间是影响转谷氨酰胺酶作用效果的四个主要因素,本文分析了这四个因素对转谷氨酰胺酶修复作用的影响,并优化工艺过程,确定了转谷氨酰胺酶作用羊毛纱线及织物的最佳工艺条件。
本文还探讨了转谷氨酰胺酶结合蛋白酶工艺对羊毛的毡缩,染色,热学等性能的影响。实验证明,经H202预处理,并经蛋白酶与转谷氨酰胺酶两步处理的织物与经H_2O_2预处理,蛋白酶一步处理的织物相比,不仅强力显著提高,而且面积毡缩率进一步下降,润湿性能,染色速率及K/S值明显提高,并且热稳定性也进一步提高。
Chlorine or its derivatives is often used in traditional modification of wool.AOX (absorbable organic halogen)in chlorinating processes causes seriously environmental pollution.Then some methods are developed in wool modification,like oxidative treatment and biotechnology,in order to obtain desirable properties,such as improving handle properties and anti-felting.However,the wool fiber and fabrics would be unavoidably damaged and Performance declined in these treatments.Especially Proteases treatment is difficult to control in industrial scale and can lead to the results that are not sufficiently predictable and reproducible.Such treatment can cause excessive damage to the fiber cuticle with consequent high level of weight and strength losses.The use of proteases alone is therefore not yet widely used industrially.
Transglutaminase(TG)is an enzyme capable of catalyzing acyl transfer reactions by introducing covalent crossing-links among proteins as well as peptides and various primary amines.The wool fibers mainly consist of protein and amino acid,like glutamic acid and lysine.With the transglutaminase,the crosslink of proteins in wool fibers can be formed.
In research,the ability of damage-resistance(hydrolyze-resistance)to fibers and fabris treated with microbial transglutaminase was studied.Chemical damage, bio-damage,chemical damage and bio-damage combined were recovered after transgultaminase treatment.Compared the three recoveries and probe the remedial mechanism of transglutaminase on the wool.Concentration,time,pH value and temperature,the four major factors were discussed in the remedial action of transglutaminase.Through experiment and math analysis,we got the optimal treating condition of TG to the wool yarn and fabric.
And then,the shrinkage,dyeing,thermal property and others were investigated induced by TG,Based on the experiment,it was found that the yarn after pretreatment with proteases,then followed by TC,not only the strength,but also the felting shrinkage, K/S value and other properties were improved obviously compared with that only treated with enzyme.
转谷氨酰胺酶(transglutaminase,简称TG)是一类催化蛋白质中赖氨酸残基上的ε-氨基和谷氨酰胺残基上的γ-羟酰胺基之间结合的聚合性酶,使蛋白质形成交联。羊毛蛋白中含有较为丰富的赖氨酸和谷氨酰胺,利用转谷氨酰胺酶可以催化羊毛蛋白内部形成共价交联,修复蛋白酶对羊毛的损伤。
本课题,首先用转谷氨酰胺酶修复羊毛的化学损伤,生物损伤,化学/生物多重损伤,通过比较其对三种损伤的修复效果,探讨转谷氨酰胺酶修复羊毛损伤的作用机理。pH值,温度,处理浓度及时间是影响转谷氨酰胺酶作用效果的四个主要因素,本文分析了这四个因素对转谷氨酰胺酶修复作用的影响,并优化工艺过程,确定了转谷氨酰胺酶作用羊毛纱线及织物的最佳工艺条件。
本文还探讨了转谷氨酰胺酶结合蛋白酶工艺对羊毛的毡缩,染色,热学等性能的影响。实验证明,经H202预处理,并经蛋白酶与转谷氨酰胺酶两步处理的织物与经H_2O_2预处理,蛋白酶一步处理的织物相比,不仅强力显著提高,而且面积毡缩率进一步下降,润湿性能,染色速率及K/S值明显提高,并且热稳定性也进一步提高。
Chlorine or its derivatives is often used in traditional modification of wool.AOX (absorbable organic halogen)in chlorinating processes causes seriously environmental pollution.Then some methods are developed in wool modification,like oxidative treatment and biotechnology,in order to obtain desirable properties,such as improving handle properties and anti-felting.However,the wool fiber and fabrics would be unavoidably damaged and Performance declined in these treatments.Especially Proteases treatment is difficult to control in industrial scale and can lead to the results that are not sufficiently predictable and reproducible.Such treatment can cause excessive damage to the fiber cuticle with consequent high level of weight and strength losses.The use of proteases alone is therefore not yet widely used industrially.
Transglutaminase(TG)is an enzyme capable of catalyzing acyl transfer reactions by introducing covalent crossing-links among proteins as well as peptides and various primary amines.The wool fibers mainly consist of protein and amino acid,like glutamic acid and lysine.With the transglutaminase,the crosslink of proteins in wool fibers can be formed.
In research,the ability of damage-resistance(hydrolyze-resistance)to fibers and fabris treated with microbial transglutaminase was studied.Chemical damage, bio-damage,chemical damage and bio-damage combined were recovered after transgultaminase treatment.Compared the three recoveries and probe the remedial mechanism of transglutaminase on the wool.Concentration,time,pH value and temperature,the four major factors were discussed in the remedial action of transglutaminase.Through experiment and math analysis,we got the optimal treating condition of TG to the wool yarn and fabric.
And then,the shrinkage,dyeing,thermal property and others were investigated induced by TG,Based on the experiment,it was found that the yarn after pretreatment with proteases,then followed by TC,not only the strength,but also the felting shrinkage, K/S value and other properties were improved obviously compared with that only treated with enzyme.
引文
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[3]Nielsen PM.Reaction and potential industrial application of transglutaminase[J].Food Biotechnology,1995,9(3):119-156
[4]李增绪.谷氨酰胺转胺酶在食品加工中的应用[J].食品研究与开发,2004,25(4):3-5
[5]桑亚新,贾英民,王向红等.转谷氨酰胺酶及其在食品工业中的研究进展[J].中国食品学报,2004,4(3):92-95
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[7]De Jong GAH.Purification and substrate specificity of transglutaminases from blood and Streptoverticillum mobaraense[J].Agric Food Chemic,2001,49:3389-3393
[8]Folk J E,Chung S I.Transglutaminases[J].Meth Enzymol,1985,113:358-375
[9]Kutemeyer C,Foroeck M,Werlein H.D,etc.The influence of salts and temperature on enzymatic activity of microbial transglutaminase[J].Food control,2005,16:735-737
[10]Jose' Manuel Rodriguez-Nogales.Effect of preheat on the transglutaminase-catalyzed cross-linking of milk proteins[J].Process Biochemistry,2004,41:430-437
[11]吕心泉.谷氨酰胺转胺酶在肉制品中的应用研究[J].食品加工,2002,23(4):53-55
[12]郭宏明.谷氨酰胺转胺酶在水产品加工中的应用[J].渔业现代化,2003(1):37-38
[13]周楠迪.谷氨酰胺转胺酶的功能性质及其在食品中的应用方法[J].中国食品添加剂,2001(1):54-59
[14]Farnsworth J.P.,Li J.,Hendricks G.M.Effects of transglutaminase treatment on functional properties and probiotic culture survivability of goat milk yogurt[J].Small Ruminant Research,2006,65:113-121
[15]倪新华.谷氨酰胺转胺酶在小玫粉制品中的应用[J].食品工业,2002(5):6-8
[16]Sakamoto H,Kumazawa Y,Motoki M.Strength of protein gels prepared with microbial transglutaminase as related to conditions[J].Food Science,1994,59:866-871
[17]Noriho Kamiya,TakeshiTakazawa,Tsutomu Tanaka,etc.Site-specific cross-linking of functional proteins by transglutaminase[J].Enzyme and Microbial Technology,2003,33:492-496
[18]Flanagan J,Gunning Y,FitzGerald R.J.Effect of cross-linking with transglutaminase on the heat stability and some functional characteristics of sodium caseinate[J].Food Research International,2003,36:267-274
[19]Yokoyama K.Gelation of food protein induced by recombinant Microbial transglutaminase [J].Journal of food Science,2003,68:48-51
[20]张尚德,张汉武.羊毛学[M].陕西:陕西人民出版社.1974:248-253
[21]姚穆.纺织材料学[M].北京:中国纺织出版社.1980:92-99
[22]K.R.麦金森,朱良骅译.羊毛防缩[M].北京:纺织工业出版社.1987:236-238
[23]孔繁超,吕淑霖,袁柏耕.毛织物染整理论与实践[M].北京:纺织工业出版社.1990:95-102
[24]王菊生.染整工艺原理,第二册[M].北京:中国纺织出版社.1984:272-275
[25]HAUSER P J.Modifying nylon and polpropylene fabrics with atmospheric pressure plasmas[J].Textile Res.J,2002,72(6):491-498
[26]郭勇,李珣,蔡再生.常压等离子体与酶结合处理提高羊毛防毡缩性[J].毛纺科技,2006(2):13-16
[27]樊增禄,戴瑾瑾,朱泉.蛋白酶对羊毛的作用机理研究[J].纺织学报,2002(2):19-21
[28]樊增禄,戴瑾瑾,朱泉.蛋白酶处理对羊毛物理机械性能的影响[J].纺织学报,2001(1):109-100
[29]Jovancic P,Jocic D,Molina R.Shrinkage properties of peroxide-enzyme-biopolymer treated wool[J].Textile Research Journal,2001(11):948-953
[30]RIVAA,Cegarra J,R Prieto.The role of an enzyme in reducing wool shrinkage[J].JSDC,1993(9):5-6
[31]Jinsong Shen,Mike Rushforth,Artur Cavaco-Paulo.Development and industrialization of enzymatic shrink-resist process based on modified proteases for wool machine washability[J].Enzyme and Microbial Technology,2006,36:26-32
[32]周文龙,孙恺.SZ蛋白酶对羊毛的减量和防毡缩性能的影响[J].印染,2000(5):5-8
[33]Karin Schumacher,Elisabeth Heine,Hartwig Hocker,etc.Extremozymes for improving wool properties[J].Journal of Biotechnology,2001,32:281-288
[34]周文龙,孙铠.羊毛蛋白酶改性的特点与前景[J].丝绸技术,1997(1):31-34
[35]张瑞萍,蛋白酶在羊毛制品生物整理中的应用研究[J].毛纺科技,1999(3):34-38
[36]王妮,管映亭.酶防毡缩处理后羊毛染色性能的研究[J].毛纺科技,1999(6):31-35
[37]樊增禄,戴瑾瑾,朱泉.酶对羊毛染色性能的影响[J].毛纺科技,2001(3):20-22
[38]黄燕萍,狄群英.羊毛改性对染色性能的影响[J].印染,2005(24):8-10
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