平压平模切机双肘杆机构的弹性动力学研究
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摘要
平压平模切机是印后加工的重要设备。随着社会的发展和人们需求的提高,平压平模切机正朝着高速、高精度方向发展。主机模切机构是自动平压平模切机的核心部分,其机械性能的好坏,对模切机的工作能力、工作速度和模切质量起着至关重要的作用。但是,受传统习惯影响,认为模切机主要靠静压工作,人们主要对其运动特性和静态压力特性进行分析,而现实情况要远比这复杂的多。因此,有必要对模切机构的工作原理,运动学和动力学特性进行研究。
其主要内容包括:
1.运动分析是动力分析的基础,本文采用转换机构法和搜索法相结合的算法,对双肘杆机构进行运动分析,并利用MATLAB进行仿真,得到双肘杆机构在一个周期内的运动规律。
2.假设双肘杆机构处于刚性环境下,基于达朗伯定理,对机构进行动态受力分析,得到机构各杆件在不考虑模切压力和考虑模切压力两种情况下,周期受力变化情况。通过对比表明,考虑模切压力作用的情况下,机构的受力状况发生很大变化,对机构产生不利影响。
3.在考虑机构弹性的前提下,利用有限元法对双肘杆机构进行静态受力分析,得到在极限模切力的作用下,各杆件内部所受应力和位移改变情况。结果显示,当模切压力为300t时,连杆和肘杆的局部部位最大应力值远大于构件材料的许用应力值。
4.对双肘杆机构进行模态分析,结果表明:考虑弹性情况下,机构的固有频率对机构的最终运动状况没有产生大的影响,可视其为等同处于刚性状态下考虑。
5.考虑弹性的情况下,采用有限元的方法,利用ANSYS对双肘杆机构进行瞬态动力分析。根据所得数据分析知:双肘杆在运行过程中,由于模切压力的作用,动平台中间部位是比较薄弱的地方,受力后变形较大。
The platen die-cutting machine is one of important devices in printing industry . With the rapid development of modern society and the improvement of people's demands , high speed and high precision have become the most important trend of the platen die-cutting machine . The die-cutting mechanism is the core of the die-cutting machine , and its capability decide the work ability , the work speed and the qulity of the products . However , because of the traditional habit, people only analyzed the mechanism's movement characteristic and the static power , and the fact is more intricate . Therefore , we should study the work principle , the movement characteristic and the dynamics characteristic of the die-cutting mechanism .
The major content is as follow:
1. The kinematics analysis is the basic of the dynamics analysis, in this article, the mechanism transformation method and the searching algorithm are used to analyze the movement of the dual-elbow-bar, and we get the rule of movement of the double-elbow-bar in a period by using the MATLAB software .
2. Based on the D'Alembert principle, the rigidity dynamics analysis of the dual -elbow-bar is disposed to get the value of the power in a period, on the assumption that the mechanism is rigid. And the contrast indicates that the value of the power will be increscent largely , in the case of considering the press, which will bring the negative effect.
3. The elasto-statics analysis of the dual-elbow-bar is disposed to get the value of the stress and the distortion of every bar, in the case of considering the mechanism's elasticity . And the result indicates that the stress of the parts which belongs to the linkage and the elbow-bar mechanism is bigger than allowable stress when the press becomes 300t.
4. The mode analysis on the dual-elbow-bar indicates that the natural frequency has no important relation to the final movement of the dual-elbow-bar mechanism, in the case of considering the mechanism's elasticity, and we can think of the mechanism as rigid .
5. In the case of considering the mechanism's elasticity, the finite element method is used to analyze the transient dynamics by the ANSYS software .And the data shows that ,if the press is brought to bear, the middle part of the moving platform mechanism is changed easily, when thedual-elbow-bar is running.
其主要内容包括:
1.运动分析是动力分析的基础,本文采用转换机构法和搜索法相结合的算法,对双肘杆机构进行运动分析,并利用MATLAB进行仿真,得到双肘杆机构在一个周期内的运动规律。
2.假设双肘杆机构处于刚性环境下,基于达朗伯定理,对机构进行动态受力分析,得到机构各杆件在不考虑模切压力和考虑模切压力两种情况下,周期受力变化情况。通过对比表明,考虑模切压力作用的情况下,机构的受力状况发生很大变化,对机构产生不利影响。
3.在考虑机构弹性的前提下,利用有限元法对双肘杆机构进行静态受力分析,得到在极限模切力的作用下,各杆件内部所受应力和位移改变情况。结果显示,当模切压力为300t时,连杆和肘杆的局部部位最大应力值远大于构件材料的许用应力值。
4.对双肘杆机构进行模态分析,结果表明:考虑弹性情况下,机构的固有频率对机构的最终运动状况没有产生大的影响,可视其为等同处于刚性状态下考虑。
5.考虑弹性的情况下,采用有限元的方法,利用ANSYS对双肘杆机构进行瞬态动力分析。根据所得数据分析知:双肘杆在运行过程中,由于模切压力的作用,动平台中间部位是比较薄弱的地方,受力后变形较大。
The platen die-cutting machine is one of important devices in printing industry . With the rapid development of modern society and the improvement of people's demands , high speed and high precision have become the most important trend of the platen die-cutting machine . The die-cutting mechanism is the core of the die-cutting machine , and its capability decide the work ability , the work speed and the qulity of the products . However , because of the traditional habit, people only analyzed the mechanism's movement characteristic and the static power , and the fact is more intricate . Therefore , we should study the work principle , the movement characteristic and the dynamics characteristic of the die-cutting mechanism .
The major content is as follow:
1. The kinematics analysis is the basic of the dynamics analysis, in this article, the mechanism transformation method and the searching algorithm are used to analyze the movement of the dual-elbow-bar, and we get the rule of movement of the double-elbow-bar in a period by using the MATLAB software .
2. Based on the D'Alembert principle, the rigidity dynamics analysis of the dual -elbow-bar is disposed to get the value of the power in a period, on the assumption that the mechanism is rigid. And the contrast indicates that the value of the power will be increscent largely , in the case of considering the press, which will bring the negative effect.
3. The elasto-statics analysis of the dual-elbow-bar is disposed to get the value of the stress and the distortion of every bar, in the case of considering the mechanism's elasticity . And the result indicates that the stress of the parts which belongs to the linkage and the elbow-bar mechanism is bigger than allowable stress when the press becomes 300t.
4. The mode analysis on the dual-elbow-bar indicates that the natural frequency has no important relation to the final movement of the dual-elbow-bar mechanism, in the case of considering the mechanism's elasticity, and we can think of the mechanism as rigid .
5. In the case of considering the mechanism's elasticity, the finite element method is used to analyze the transient dynamics by the ANSYS software .And the data shows that ,if the press is brought to bear, the middle part of the moving platform mechanism is changed easily, when thedual-elbow-bar is running.
引文
[1]周永义.自动平压平模切机发展现状及趋势[J].今日印刷,2001.5:55-58.
[2]韩晓良.我国模切机发展现状[J],今日印刷,2005.1:11-13.
[3]张选生.从ChmaPrint2001看模切机与烫金机的发展[J].今日印刷,2001.3:70-72.
[4]王学理.国产模切机应进一步提高机构的稳定性和可靠性[J].今日印刷,200.3:46-48.
[5]赵凯华,罗蔚茵.力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2004:23-31.
[6]A.K.Dhingra,A.N.Almadi,D.Kohli.CLOSED-FORMDISPLACEMENT ANALYSIS OF 10-LINK 1-DOF:PART2-POLYNOMIAL SOLUTIONS[J].MECHANISM AND MACHINE THEORY,2001(36):57-75.
[7]D.E.Foster,FINDING THER.J.Cipra.AN AUTOMATIC METHOD FOR ASSEMBLY CONFIGURATIONS OF PLANARNONI-SINGLE-DYADIC MECHANISMS[M].JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL DESIGN,2002:58-67.
[8]张选生,柴三中,成刚虎.模切机双肘杆机构运动分析与优化设计[J].北京印刷学院学报,2006,14(2):32-34.
[9]曹惟庆.连杆机构的分析与综合[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:32-40.
[10]鲁墨武,张奉禄.用转换机构法作高级别平面连杆机构的运动分析[J].机械设计,1995.2:8-14.
[11]徐学忠.高级平面机构运动分析的转换机构法[J].轻工机械,2004.3:54-56.
[12]吴艳芬.常见模切机及其工作原理[J].印刷世界,2004.9:45-46.
[13]薛隆泉.机械优化设计[M].西安:西安理工大学机仪学院,2004:19-35.
[14]梁崇高.连杆机构的计算机辅助设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1986:58-135.
[15]杨高波,元波.精通MATLAB7.0混合编程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006:121-410.
[16]张航,黄攀.精通/MATLAB6[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002:210-435.
[17]郭仁生.机械工程设计分析和MATLAB应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006:44-68.
[18]杨可桢,程光蕴.机械设计基础[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999:11-13.
[19]李庆华.材料力学[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2005:258-260.
[20]漆安慎,杜婵英.普通物理学教程-力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005,235-240.
[21]詹姆斯.安德罗斯.材料力学与强度简化分析[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006:164-171.
[22]杨基厚.机构运动学与动力学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1987:92-113.
[23]张策.弹性连杆机构的分析与设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1989:83-205.
[24]杨桂通.弹性力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1998:301-321.
[25]黄国权.有限元法基础及ANSYS应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004:153-167.
[26]S.S.RAO.The Finite Element Method in Engeering[M].Program Press,1992:49-52.
[27]王富耻,张朝晖.ANSYS10.0有限元分析理论与工程应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006:76-163.
[28]张立新.ANSYS7.0基础教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004:85-118.
[29]陈晓霞.ANSYS7.0高级分析[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004:205-214.
[30]ANSYSINC.ANSYS ATRUCTURE ANALYSIS GUIDE[M].HANDBOOK OF ANSYS,1998:16-23.
[31]ANSYSINC.ANSYS MODLING AND MESHING GUIDE[M].HANDBOOK OF ANSYS,1998:58-73.
[32]D.Gross.弹性静力学和流体静力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002:57-60.
[33]立雅科技.SolidWorks2004入门与实例详解[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2004:56-89.
[34]曹岩,赵汝嘉.SolidWorks 2005基础篇[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003:17-95.
[35]邢启恩,李伟.SolidWorks实用技术精粹[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004:126-215.
[36]曹树谦,张文德,萧龙翔.振动结构模态分析:理论,实验与应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2001:205-211.
[37]李德葆,陆秋海.试验模态分析及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2001:216-233.
[38]Saeed Moaveni.ANSYS理论及应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005:467-480.
[39]吕江涛.SX360型自卸车静动态有限元分析及机构改进[D].西安:西安理工大学,2000:25-32.
[40]Tesar,Matthew.The dynamic synthesis,analysis and design of modeled mechanism[J].Mode Analysis.1976,126(9):187-188.
[41]Bush.Dynamic Analysis of a Complicated Bars Mechanism[M].MachTheory,1987:303-314.
[42]商跃进.有限元原理与ANSYS应用指南[M]。北京:清华大学出版社,2005:315-318.
[43]洪庆章.ANSYS教学范例[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2002:126-201.
[44]王峰,马大为等.基于瞬态动力学分析的某装备改装研究[J].系统仿真学报,2007,19(1):194-196.
[45]K.J.Bathe.Finite Element Procedures[M].Englewood Cliffs,1996:81-102.
[46]史翔,杨清林.高速列车塞拉门瞬态动力学分析[J].南京工程学院学报(自然科学版),2006.2:58-61.
[2]韩晓良.我国模切机发展现状[J],今日印刷,2005.1:11-13.
[3]张选生.从ChmaPrint2001看模切机与烫金机的发展[J].今日印刷,2001.3:70-72.
[4]王学理.国产模切机应进一步提高机构的稳定性和可靠性[J].今日印刷,200.3:46-48.
[5]赵凯华,罗蔚茵.力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2004:23-31.
[6]A.K.Dhingra,A.N.Almadi,D.Kohli.CLOSED-FORMDISPLACEMENT ANALYSIS OF 10-LINK 1-DOF:PART2-POLYNOMIAL SOLUTIONS[J].MECHANISM AND MACHINE THEORY,2001(36):57-75.
[7]D.E.Foster,FINDING THER.J.Cipra.AN AUTOMATIC METHOD FOR ASSEMBLY CONFIGURATIONS OF PLANARNONI-SINGLE-DYADIC MECHANISMS[M].JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL DESIGN,2002:58-67.
[8]张选生,柴三中,成刚虎.模切机双肘杆机构运动分析与优化设计[J].北京印刷学院学报,2006,14(2):32-34.
[9]曹惟庆.连杆机构的分析与综合[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:32-40.
[10]鲁墨武,张奉禄.用转换机构法作高级别平面连杆机构的运动分析[J].机械设计,1995.2:8-14.
[11]徐学忠.高级平面机构运动分析的转换机构法[J].轻工机械,2004.3:54-56.
[12]吴艳芬.常见模切机及其工作原理[J].印刷世界,2004.9:45-46.
[13]薛隆泉.机械优化设计[M].西安:西安理工大学机仪学院,2004:19-35.
[14]梁崇高.连杆机构的计算机辅助设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1986:58-135.
[15]杨高波,元波.精通MATLAB7.0混合编程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006:121-410.
[16]张航,黄攀.精通/MATLAB6[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002:210-435.
[17]郭仁生.机械工程设计分析和MATLAB应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006:44-68.
[18]杨可桢,程光蕴.机械设计基础[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999:11-13.
[19]李庆华.材料力学[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2005:258-260.
[20]漆安慎,杜婵英.普通物理学教程-力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005,235-240.
[21]詹姆斯.安德罗斯.材料力学与强度简化分析[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006:164-171.
[22]杨基厚.机构运动学与动力学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1987:92-113.
[23]张策.弹性连杆机构的分析与设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1989:83-205.
[24]杨桂通.弹性力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1998:301-321.
[25]黄国权.有限元法基础及ANSYS应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004:153-167.
[26]S.S.RAO.The Finite Element Method in Engeering[M].Program Press,1992:49-52.
[27]王富耻,张朝晖.ANSYS10.0有限元分析理论与工程应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006:76-163.
[28]张立新.ANSYS7.0基础教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004:85-118.
[29]陈晓霞.ANSYS7.0高级分析[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004:205-214.
[30]ANSYSINC.ANSYS ATRUCTURE ANALYSIS GUIDE[M].HANDBOOK OF ANSYS,1998:16-23.
[31]ANSYSINC.ANSYS MODLING AND MESHING GUIDE[M].HANDBOOK OF ANSYS,1998:58-73.
[32]D.Gross.弹性静力学和流体静力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002:57-60.
[33]立雅科技.SolidWorks2004入门与实例详解[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2004:56-89.
[34]曹岩,赵汝嘉.SolidWorks 2005基础篇[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003:17-95.
[35]邢启恩,李伟.SolidWorks实用技术精粹[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004:126-215.
[36]曹树谦,张文德,萧龙翔.振动结构模态分析:理论,实验与应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2001:205-211.
[37]李德葆,陆秋海.试验模态分析及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2001:216-233.
[38]Saeed Moaveni.ANSYS理论及应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005:467-480.
[39]吕江涛.SX360型自卸车静动态有限元分析及机构改进[D].西安:西安理工大学,2000:25-32.
[40]Tesar,Matthew.The dynamic synthesis,analysis and design of modeled mechanism[J].Mode Analysis.1976,126(9):187-188.
[41]Bush.Dynamic Analysis of a Complicated Bars Mechanism[M].MachTheory,1987:303-314.
[42]商跃进.有限元原理与ANSYS应用指南[M]。北京:清华大学出版社,2005:315-318.
[43]洪庆章.ANSYS教学范例[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2002:126-201.
[44]王峰,马大为等.基于瞬态动力学分析的某装备改装研究[J].系统仿真学报,2007,19(1):194-196.
[45]K.J.Bathe.Finite Element Procedures[M].Englewood Cliffs,1996:81-102.
[46]史翔,杨清林.高速列车塞拉门瞬态动力学分析[J].南京工程学院学报(自然科学版),2006.2:58-61.