基于GPRS的实时在线环境监测研究与实现
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摘要
近年来,随着我国经济的迅速增长,工业污染物的排放也越来越多,自然生态环境所承受的压力也越来越大,这已经引起了全社会的广泛关注。因此建立全方位的环境监控网络成了监管部门乃至全社会的首要任务。
通常由于环境监测点位置分散、地理条件复杂、无人值守,因此人工抄取各监测点的数据很不方便、且执行效率低。传统的有线方式收集各监测点的数据投入大、布线麻烦、传输距离有限。因此,需要一种适宜环境监测特点的无线数据传输方式来解决监测点数据的采集问题。同时,环境监控工作具有很强的全局性,经常需要调用不同环境监测区域的数据来做参考,但是现在没有一个好的环境数据交互平台。另外,传统的通信方式都存在着需要投入庞大的建设、运营费用高且难于维护和扩展的问题,而现在的GPRS网络正是一种数据传输速率高、覆盖范围广、实时性强、传输稳定的通信网络。因此,将GPRS无线通信技术用于环境监控是一种经济、可靠、理想的设计方案。
本文主要分两部分对基于GPRS环境监控系统进行研究。首先,数据采集系统部分,这部分内容包括数据采集设备和采集器之间的数据通信的设计,数据采集器和GPRS终端的通信的设计,GPRS终端的拨号设置。主要功能包括:使得现场采集设备采集到的数据能够及时的经过数据采集器的分析处理并交给GPRS终端,通过无线的数据传输方式把数据传送给中心数据服务器,并且能够根据中心端的控制命令来调整数据的采集模式、设备参数和数据参数的设置等。其次,数据管理系统部分,这部分的主要内容包括:建立一个数据交互的平台,使得不同企业监测站的数据都能够汇总到主监测站,进行统一管理,能够对GPRS终端传送过来的采集数据接收,并进行分析、处理,具体有:数据的汇总、归类、分析、存储、发布等内容,另外还有对系统使用人员信息的管理、现场采集设备的管理和一些辅助性的管理等,帮助系统管理员形象、有效、准确的分析监测区域的环境问题。
In recent years,with the rapid econimic growth of our country, the emissions of industrial pollution are more and more,so the pressure of the Natural Environment are more and more,this problem has already been more focused on by society. Therefore , establish a full-featured environment monitor system has become an important task of monitor department even all of the society.
There are many characteristics of the area of environment monitoring,such as dispersed, complicated geographical conditions,nobody guard and so on.Now many systems of monitoring get the data by manpower,that is waste time and inefficient,others systems of monitoring get the data through the wire communication,that has many bothers in collocating wire and can’t translate remotely.So it is necessary to find a method to transfer data.At the same time,the work of environment monitoring is often necessary transferring the data in different region.But now there is not an effectual flat for transferring the information between the regions of environment monitoring. Traditional communication have some weak points, such as:cost mostly in construction、high operating costs、difficult to maintain and expand and so on. Now, the GPRS network is a kind of high-speed data transmission, covering a wide range,real-time online and stable ways of communication.Therefore, this system uses GPRS communication in the monitoring system it is a kind of economic, reliable, ideal design plan. this paper will detail narrative from these part.
This paper research the environment monitoring system based on GPRS from two parts: First,data collection part,this part inlcude the design of data transmission between data collection device and data collector, between data collector and GPRS DTU, and GPRS DTU' dial-up config. The main features include: this part will transmission the data what from data collection device to GPRS DTU after analytical and processing by the data collector, then transmission the data to the data center server by wireless means. adjust the data collection mode base on the control order which from the center-side, config the equipment parameters and data parameters and so on .Second,data management part,this part main includes establishing a transfer data platform ,in order to make data from different enterprises's monitoring station to the main station for uniform management. Analysis and processing the data which from GPRS DTU,There are specific:summary, classify, analysis, storage, release, etc.In addition,there are some management about system administrators,data collection device and other auxiliary,these function will help the system administrator image、effective、accurate analysis the environmental problems in monitoring regions.
通常由于环境监测点位置分散、地理条件复杂、无人值守,因此人工抄取各监测点的数据很不方便、且执行效率低。传统的有线方式收集各监测点的数据投入大、布线麻烦、传输距离有限。因此,需要一种适宜环境监测特点的无线数据传输方式来解决监测点数据的采集问题。同时,环境监控工作具有很强的全局性,经常需要调用不同环境监测区域的数据来做参考,但是现在没有一个好的环境数据交互平台。另外,传统的通信方式都存在着需要投入庞大的建设、运营费用高且难于维护和扩展的问题,而现在的GPRS网络正是一种数据传输速率高、覆盖范围广、实时性强、传输稳定的通信网络。因此,将GPRS无线通信技术用于环境监控是一种经济、可靠、理想的设计方案。
本文主要分两部分对基于GPRS环境监控系统进行研究。首先,数据采集系统部分,这部分内容包括数据采集设备和采集器之间的数据通信的设计,数据采集器和GPRS终端的通信的设计,GPRS终端的拨号设置。主要功能包括:使得现场采集设备采集到的数据能够及时的经过数据采集器的分析处理并交给GPRS终端,通过无线的数据传输方式把数据传送给中心数据服务器,并且能够根据中心端的控制命令来调整数据的采集模式、设备参数和数据参数的设置等。其次,数据管理系统部分,这部分的主要内容包括:建立一个数据交互的平台,使得不同企业监测站的数据都能够汇总到主监测站,进行统一管理,能够对GPRS终端传送过来的采集数据接收,并进行分析、处理,具体有:数据的汇总、归类、分析、存储、发布等内容,另外还有对系统使用人员信息的管理、现场采集设备的管理和一些辅助性的管理等,帮助系统管理员形象、有效、准确的分析监测区域的环境问题。
In recent years,with the rapid econimic growth of our country, the emissions of industrial pollution are more and more,so the pressure of the Natural Environment are more and more,this problem has already been more focused on by society. Therefore , establish a full-featured environment monitor system has become an important task of monitor department even all of the society.
There are many characteristics of the area of environment monitoring,such as dispersed, complicated geographical conditions,nobody guard and so on.Now many systems of monitoring get the data by manpower,that is waste time and inefficient,others systems of monitoring get the data through the wire communication,that has many bothers in collocating wire and can’t translate remotely.So it is necessary to find a method to transfer data.At the same time,the work of environment monitoring is often necessary transferring the data in different region.But now there is not an effectual flat for transferring the information between the regions of environment monitoring. Traditional communication have some weak points, such as:cost mostly in construction、high operating costs、difficult to maintain and expand and so on. Now, the GPRS network is a kind of high-speed data transmission, covering a wide range,real-time online and stable ways of communication.Therefore, this system uses GPRS communication in the monitoring system it is a kind of economic, reliable, ideal design plan. this paper will detail narrative from these part.
This paper research the environment monitoring system based on GPRS from two parts: First,data collection part,this part inlcude the design of data transmission between data collection device and data collector, between data collector and GPRS DTU, and GPRS DTU' dial-up config. The main features include: this part will transmission the data what from data collection device to GPRS DTU after analytical and processing by the data collector, then transmission the data to the data center server by wireless means. adjust the data collection mode base on the control order which from the center-side, config the equipment parameters and data parameters and so on .Second,data management part,this part main includes establishing a transfer data platform ,in order to make data from different enterprises's monitoring station to the main station for uniform management. Analysis and processing the data which from GPRS DTU,There are specific:summary, classify, analysis, storage, release, etc.In addition,there are some management about system administrators,data collection device and other auxiliary,these function will help the system administrator image、effective、accurate analysis the environmental problems in monitoring regions.
引文
[1]王建新,杨世凤,史永江.远程监控技术的发展现状与趋势.国外电子测量技术.2005.4:9-12
[2]曹品,秦保平,徐立敏.我国污染源在线监测现状及建议.中国环境监测,2002.18(2):1-3
[3]吴邦灿.现代环境监测技术.北京:环境科学出版社,2004:94-95
[4]孟晓宁,王永斌,孙建荣.基于GPRS的无线数据通信及其应用前景.现代电子技术,2005.1(9):31-33
[5] [美]里吉斯.通用分组无线业务(GPRS)技术与应用(第1版) .北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.15-146
[6]厦门四信通信科技有限公司.基于GPRS数据采集通信组网解决方案,2006 1-5
[7]邓荣钦.基于GPRS的无线监控系统的研究.武汉理工大学学位论文,2007 (05) 2-6 ,15-18
[8]赵亮,黎峰.GPRS无线网络在远程数据采集中的应用.计算机工程与设计,2005.9(26): 25-52
[9]马增强,燕延,井海明.基于GPRS的数据采集系统的研究.微计算机信息,2004.14(38):104-105
[10]王俊佳.基于GPRS的远程监控系统的研究.四川理工学院学报(自然科学版),2005.4(15):51-53
[11]马洪伟,盛诩智.GPRS技术在无线传输数据中的应用.微机发展,2005.15(3):101-103
[12] Mishra A.Performance and architecture of SGSN and GGSN of general packet radio service(GPRS)Global Telecommunications Conference , Virginia Polytech.Inst.&State Univ,2001
[13]施伟年,凌海宏.GPRS网络上数据传输协议之讨论.深圳市宏电技术开发有限公司,2007
[14]钟章队等.通用分组无线业务,北京:人民邮电出版社,2001
[15]曾红梅.GPRS系统原理及其实现.移动通信,2002.12:40-45
[16]廖利芳,张劲松,李文耀.基于GPRS的水文数据采集系统的设计.光信息研究,2007.139:48-49
[17]梁龙钢,姚远.基于GPRS的远程无线监控系统软件设计.无线电工程,2004,34(5):37-39
[18]王孝良,宋国振,安毅.基于GPRS的远程实时数据采集监控系统.仪器仪表与分析监测,2005 (1):23-26
[19]张永梅,陈立潮,马礼等.远程网络环境监测系统的设计与实现.电脑开发与应用,2001.31(8):41-43
[20] Antoine Ghzueh.Water quality monitorting using a smart senseing system.Measurement,2000.9(28):219-224
[21]梁晓宏.基于GPRS无线网络的集中抄表系统设计.宁波职业技术学院学报,2005(5):46-48+66
[22]王罡,林立志编著.基于Windows的TCP/IP编程.北京:清华大学出版社,2000.98-112
[23] Jan Axelson.Serial Port Complete.北京:中国电力出版社,2001
[24]李建华,郭明.RS-232和调制解调器高级通信编程.人民邮电出版社,2004:106-156
[25]宋伯生.PLC编程理论算法及技巧.北京:机械工业出版社,2005:42-45
[26]张进秋,陈永利,张中民.可编程控制器原理及应用实例.北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[27]骆智.可编程控制器(PLC)运行系统设计与实现.北方工业大学硕士学位论文.2004:12-14
[28] Michael Kolfler.杨晓云,王建桥,杨涛等译.The Definitive Guide to MySQL 5.北京:人民邮电出版社,2006.12
[29] Michael Widenius,David Axmark.MySQL Reference Manual.MySQL AB 2004
[30]张卫群.B/S结构电力监控数据库访问技术.西北工业大学硕士学位论文,2002:25-29
[31]谭会生,桂卫华,徐智德.论基于B/S的分布式系统中数据库访问接口.企业技术开发,2004.3
[32]孔庆芸.利用JDBC实现Internet/WWW上的远程网络数据库的访问.西安公路交通大学学报,2000.20(3):109-112
[33]王志平,程韬波.基于GPRS的远程无线监控系统的数据中心设计.工业控制计算机,2005(3):6-7+14
[34]史济民.软件工程原理、方法与应用.北京:高等教育出版社,1999:83-92
[35]飞思科技产品研发中心.JavaWeb服务应用开发详解.电子工业出版社,2002.1:18-25
[36]孙卫琴.Tomcat与JavaWeb开发技术详解.北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[37]杨磊,陈凌云.精通Eclipse开发:Java体系结构、工具、框架及整合运用.北京:人民邮电出版社,2006.10:54-61
[38]邓子云,张赐.JSP网络编程从基础到实践.北京:电子工业出版社,2006.4
[39] Harvey M.Deitel,Paul J.Deitel,Sean E.Santry.Advanced Java2 Platform How to Progranm.北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[40] (美)khawar Zaman Ahmed,Cary E.Umrysh著,康博译.用J2EE和UML开发Java企业级应用程序.北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[41] (美)马劳克林著.OReilly Taiwan公司编译.深入浅出Ajax(中文版)东南大学出版社,2008
[42] (美)弗里曼等著,林旺,张晓坤译.Head First HTML与CSS、XHTML (中文版),中国电力出版社,2008
[43]扎卡斯著,曹力等译. JavaScript高级程序设计.人民邮电出版社,2006
[2]曹品,秦保平,徐立敏.我国污染源在线监测现状及建议.中国环境监测,2002.18(2):1-3
[3]吴邦灿.现代环境监测技术.北京:环境科学出版社,2004:94-95
[4]孟晓宁,王永斌,孙建荣.基于GPRS的无线数据通信及其应用前景.现代电子技术,2005.1(9):31-33
[5] [美]里吉斯.通用分组无线业务(GPRS)技术与应用(第1版) .北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.15-146
[6]厦门四信通信科技有限公司.基于GPRS数据采集通信组网解决方案,2006 1-5
[7]邓荣钦.基于GPRS的无线监控系统的研究.武汉理工大学学位论文,2007 (05) 2-6 ,15-18
[8]赵亮,黎峰.GPRS无线网络在远程数据采集中的应用.计算机工程与设计,2005.9(26): 25-52
[9]马增强,燕延,井海明.基于GPRS的数据采集系统的研究.微计算机信息,2004.14(38):104-105
[10]王俊佳.基于GPRS的远程监控系统的研究.四川理工学院学报(自然科学版),2005.4(15):51-53
[11]马洪伟,盛诩智.GPRS技术在无线传输数据中的应用.微机发展,2005.15(3):101-103
[12] Mishra A.Performance and architecture of SGSN and GGSN of general packet radio service(GPRS)Global Telecommunications Conference , Virginia Polytech.Inst.&State Univ,2001
[13]施伟年,凌海宏.GPRS网络上数据传输协议之讨论.深圳市宏电技术开发有限公司,2007
[14]钟章队等.通用分组无线业务,北京:人民邮电出版社,2001
[15]曾红梅.GPRS系统原理及其实现.移动通信,2002.12:40-45
[16]廖利芳,张劲松,李文耀.基于GPRS的水文数据采集系统的设计.光信息研究,2007.139:48-49
[17]梁龙钢,姚远.基于GPRS的远程无线监控系统软件设计.无线电工程,2004,34(5):37-39
[18]王孝良,宋国振,安毅.基于GPRS的远程实时数据采集监控系统.仪器仪表与分析监测,2005 (1):23-26
[19]张永梅,陈立潮,马礼等.远程网络环境监测系统的设计与实现.电脑开发与应用,2001.31(8):41-43
[20] Antoine Ghzueh.Water quality monitorting using a smart senseing system.Measurement,2000.9(28):219-224
[21]梁晓宏.基于GPRS无线网络的集中抄表系统设计.宁波职业技术学院学报,2005(5):46-48+66
[22]王罡,林立志编著.基于Windows的TCP/IP编程.北京:清华大学出版社,2000.98-112
[23] Jan Axelson.Serial Port Complete.北京:中国电力出版社,2001
[24]李建华,郭明.RS-232和调制解调器高级通信编程.人民邮电出版社,2004:106-156
[25]宋伯生.PLC编程理论算法及技巧.北京:机械工业出版社,2005:42-45
[26]张进秋,陈永利,张中民.可编程控制器原理及应用实例.北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[27]骆智.可编程控制器(PLC)运行系统设计与实现.北方工业大学硕士学位论文.2004:12-14
[28] Michael Kolfler.杨晓云,王建桥,杨涛等译.The Definitive Guide to MySQL 5.北京:人民邮电出版社,2006.12
[29] Michael Widenius,David Axmark.MySQL Reference Manual.MySQL AB 2004
[30]张卫群.B/S结构电力监控数据库访问技术.西北工业大学硕士学位论文,2002:25-29
[31]谭会生,桂卫华,徐智德.论基于B/S的分布式系统中数据库访问接口.企业技术开发,2004.3
[32]孔庆芸.利用JDBC实现Internet/WWW上的远程网络数据库的访问.西安公路交通大学学报,2000.20(3):109-112
[33]王志平,程韬波.基于GPRS的远程无线监控系统的数据中心设计.工业控制计算机,2005(3):6-7+14
[34]史济民.软件工程原理、方法与应用.北京:高等教育出版社,1999:83-92
[35]飞思科技产品研发中心.JavaWeb服务应用开发详解.电子工业出版社,2002.1:18-25
[36]孙卫琴.Tomcat与JavaWeb开发技术详解.北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[37]杨磊,陈凌云.精通Eclipse开发:Java体系结构、工具、框架及整合运用.北京:人民邮电出版社,2006.10:54-61
[38]邓子云,张赐.JSP网络编程从基础到实践.北京:电子工业出版社,2006.4
[39] Harvey M.Deitel,Paul J.Deitel,Sean E.Santry.Advanced Java2 Platform How to Progranm.北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[40] (美)khawar Zaman Ahmed,Cary E.Umrysh著,康博译.用J2EE和UML开发Java企业级应用程序.北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[41] (美)马劳克林著.OReilly Taiwan公司编译.深入浅出Ajax(中文版)东南大学出版社,2008
[42] (美)弗里曼等著,林旺,张晓坤译.Head First HTML与CSS、XHTML (中文版),中国电力出版社,2008
[43]扎卡斯著,曹力等译. JavaScript高级程序设计.人民邮电出版社,2006