基于ARM嵌入式系统的生化分析仪的研制
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摘要
随着计算机、网络及通信技术的迅速发展，嵌入式系统成为继计算机网络技术之后，IT领域又一个新的技术热点和发展方向。随着嵌入式系统的发展，传统生化分析仪器正在不断进行着更新换代，正在向数字化、智能化、信息化、网络化、微型化和固态化等方向迈进。
目前我国生化分析仪主要有两种情况：一种是采用较低档次的处理器，这种产品硬件复杂，功能较弱，人机交互较差；另一种，搭配PC上位机，功能较强，但成本较高。而基于ARM的生化分析仪将这两种情况的优点结合起来，具有很好的性价比，具有很大的经济实用价值
本课题以基于ARM9的生化分析仪为具体的研究对象，主要研究了嵌入式系统的结构要求、硬件的结构设计、嵌入式uClinux操作系统以及驱动程序的开发。论文首先介绍了生化分析仪的发展过程和嵌入式系统的基本概念，以及ARM体系结构和本系统核心处理器S3C2410；接着，讲述了生化分析仪的工作原理；最后详细的讲述了硬件设计的实现和软件系统搭建及驱动开发。论文结尾对作者的研究工作做了总结，并对所作研究工作做了展望。
With the development of the computer, network and communication technology, the embedded system become a new technical focus and orientation in IT field following the step of computer and network technology. With the development of the technology of the computer especially embedded system, the traditional analytical instrument is updating constantly. It is marching towards such derictions as digitization, intelligent, informationization, networking, microminiaturization and solid state, etc.
At present, China's biochemical analyzer mainly have two situation: One is the use of lower grade processor, as a result, the hardware complexity of this product, function is weak, poor man-machine interaction; Another mix and match the PC computer and more powerful, but the cost was high. Based on the ARM biochemical analyzer has a good cost performance and great practical value to the economy.
The paper take the biochemical analytical instrument based on ARM as concret object,and make study mainly on the structure of embedded system, hardware design, the embedded operation of uClinux and driver development based on uClinux. Firstly, the development process of biochemical analytical instrument and the basic conceptof the embedded systems are introduced. Furthermore describe the architecture of ARM and the function of S3C2410, which is the hardware core of this system. Sencondly, the work principle of biochemical analytical instrument is introduced. Finally, the article on detailed analyse the realization of hardware, and the establishment of uClinux opration system, and the driver development based on uClinux. The end of this thesis is the summary of the outcome done by author and the outlook of the next step for this system.
目前我国生化分析仪主要有两种情况：一种是采用较低档次的处理器，这种产品硬件复杂，功能较弱，人机交互较差；另一种，搭配PC上位机，功能较强，但成本较高。而基于ARM的生化分析仪将这两种情况的优点结合起来，具有很好的性价比，具有很大的经济实用价值
本课题以基于ARM9的生化分析仪为具体的研究对象，主要研究了嵌入式系统的结构要求、硬件的结构设计、嵌入式uClinux操作系统以及驱动程序的开发。论文首先介绍了生化分析仪的发展过程和嵌入式系统的基本概念，以及ARM体系结构和本系统核心处理器S3C2410；接着，讲述了生化分析仪的工作原理；最后详细的讲述了硬件设计的实现和软件系统搭建及驱动开发。论文结尾对作者的研究工作做了总结，并对所作研究工作做了展望。
With the development of the computer, network and communication technology, the embedded system become a new technical focus and orientation in IT field following the step of computer and network technology. With the development of the technology of the computer especially embedded system, the traditional analytical instrument is updating constantly. It is marching towards such derictions as digitization, intelligent, informationization, networking, microminiaturization and solid state, etc.
At present, China's biochemical analyzer mainly have two situation: One is the use of lower grade processor, as a result, the hardware complexity of this product, function is weak, poor man-machine interaction; Another mix and match the PC computer and more powerful, but the cost was high. Based on the ARM biochemical analyzer has a good cost performance and great practical value to the economy.
The paper take the biochemical analytical instrument based on ARM as concret object,and make study mainly on the structure of embedded system, hardware design, the embedded operation of uClinux and driver development based on uClinux. Firstly, the development process of biochemical analytical instrument and the basic conceptof the embedded systems are introduced. Furthermore describe the architecture of ARM and the function of S3C2410, which is the hardware core of this system. Sencondly, the work principle of biochemical analytical instrument is introduced. Finally, the article on detailed analyse the realization of hardware, and the establishment of uClinux opration system, and the driver development based on uClinux. The end of this thesis is the summary of the outcome done by author and the outlook of the next step for this system.
引文
[1] 李冬 杨新华 王树杰著 自动化生化分析仪国内外现状及进展[J]，现代仪器，2006．1
[2] 临床生物化学，http://www.39kf.com/cooperate/book
[3] 刘峥嵘等编著，嵌入式Linux应用开发详解[M]，机械工业出版社，2005年6月。
[4] 马忠梅等，ARM嵌入式处理器结构于应用基础[M]．北京航空航天大学出版社。。
[5] 杜春雷编著，ARM体系结构与编程[M]，清华大学出版社，2003年2月。
[6] ARM Limited. ARM Architecture Reference Manual. 2000
[7] ARM公司，USER'SMANUAL S3C2410X．Microprocessor Revisionl．2 SamsungElectronics．
[8] 郑铁生，临床生物化学检验[M]，中国医药科技出版社，2004
[9] 三星公司，Flash Memory DataSheet，Sumsung．
[10] ARM Limited, ARM Target Development System User Guide
[11] 钱国飞，集成运算放大器基本原理与应用[M]，上海交通大学出版社，1992年9月。
[12] 段尚枢，运算放大器应用基础[M]，哈尔滨工业大学出版社，2005年7月
[13] 周立功等编著，MagicARM2410教学实验开发平台实验指导[D]，2006年1月。
[14] 李驹光著，ARM应用系统开发详解[M]．北京航空航天大学出版社。
[15] ARM Limited. ARM Development Guide 2000-2001.
[16] 奚立群、赵谢秋、杜中平著，移植Linux技术分析[J]，MODERN COMPUTER．2003
[17] 嵌入式系统BootL．oader技术内幕，http://www.embeded.cn/article/225．htm
[18] 刘淼，嵌入式系统接口设计与Linux驱动程序开发[M]，北京航空航天大学出版社，2006年5月。
[19] 孙天泽等编著，嵌入式设计及Linux驱动开发指南—基于ARM9处理器[M]，电子工业出版社，2005年6月。
[20] DM9000 Data Sheet, Version: DM9000-DS-F02, June 26, 2002
[21] ALESSANDRO RUBINI&JONATHAN CORBER著，魏永明等译．Linux设备驱动程序．中国电力出版社，2002．
[2] 临床生物化学，http://www.39kf.com/cooperate/book
[3] 刘峥嵘等编著，嵌入式Linux应用开发详解[M]，机械工业出版社，2005年6月。
[4] 马忠梅等，ARM嵌入式处理器结构于应用基础[M]．北京航空航天大学出版社。。
[5] 杜春雷编著，ARM体系结构与编程[M]，清华大学出版社，2003年2月。
[6] ARM Limited. ARM Architecture Reference Manual. 2000
[7] ARM公司，USER'SMANUAL S3C2410X．Microprocessor Revisionl．2 SamsungElectronics．
[8] 郑铁生，临床生物化学检验[M]，中国医药科技出版社，2004
[9] 三星公司，Flash Memory DataSheet，Sumsung．
[10] ARM Limited, ARM Target Development System User Guide
[11] 钱国飞，集成运算放大器基本原理与应用[M]，上海交通大学出版社，1992年9月。
[12] 段尚枢，运算放大器应用基础[M]，哈尔滨工业大学出版社，2005年7月
[13] 周立功等编著，MagicARM2410教学实验开发平台实验指导[D]，2006年1月。
[14] 李驹光著，ARM应用系统开发详解[M]．北京航空航天大学出版社。
[15] ARM Limited. ARM Development Guide 2000-2001.
[16] 奚立群、赵谢秋、杜中平著，移植Linux技术分析[J]，MODERN COMPUTER．2003
[17] 嵌入式系统BootL．oader技术内幕，http://www.embeded.cn/article/225．htm
[18] 刘淼，嵌入式系统接口设计与Linux驱动程序开发[M]，北京航空航天大学出版社，2006年5月。
[19] 孙天泽等编著，嵌入式设计及Linux驱动开发指南—基于ARM9处理器[M]，电子工业出版社，2005年6月。
[20] DM9000 Data Sheet, Version: DM9000-DS-F02, June 26, 2002
[21] ALESSANDRO RUBINI&JONATHAN CORBER著，魏永明等译．Linux设备驱动程序．中国电力出版社，2002．