冬季日光温室的保温性能试验研究
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摘要
随着我国农业政策调整,农村经济得到迅速发展,经济、高效、节能型日光温室在反季生产中得到了广泛应用。北方地区虽然冬季漫长、寒冷,但秋冬两季光照时间长,适合温室生产。因此,北方冬季蔬菜生产成为增加农民经济收入的重要途径之一。
本论文主要研究了基于寻找适合北方地区温室保温发展的模式,在综述国内外设施农业发展的现状和趋势的基础上,针对位于吉林省长春市朝阳区永春乡日光温室的保温及采光状况,进行了温室内外光照、温度的测定;通过数据分析,初步掌握温室的保温、采光性能;并由试验数据分析了采光状况与温度之间的关系。通过对试验数据分析可知,温室内光照的强弱是由温室外光照的强度和温室的透光率决定的,温室内的温度随着温室外气温和光照的变化而变化。通过对目前我国北方温室主要采用的保温方式进行了分析总结;根据实验日光温室状况,结合日光温室保温原理,对内保温幕及地中热交换器两项保温措施的保温效果进行了测定研究,对提高日光温室保温性,增加经济效益,为节能日光温室保温建造提供有力参考。
In this study,the test is made on a greenhouse located in Yongchun in south Changchun constructed by Jilin Academy of Agricultural Machinery. Through analysis on the data collected from the greenhouse to understand effect of lighting,insulation,thermal insulation and heat preservation quilt on thermal insulation performance.The main conclusions drawn are as follows:
(1) Light distribution inside the greenhouse is non-uniform and dynamic changing.It can be concluded through experiments:the most important factors that impact the greenhouse light environment are sun position and light transmittance.
(2) Temperature distribution inside the greenhouse is also non-uniform and dynamic.Through the analysis of observational data,we can see that temperature and light are closely linked.Therefore,light is another important factor that affect the heat preservation measures.
(3) Through the experimental determination we can concludes that inside thermal insulation curtain can increase the maximum night temperature in greenhouse up to 3-4℃.
(4) By using of underground heat exchanger,ground temperature in greenhouse can rise up to 2℃.
本论文主要研究了基于寻找适合北方地区温室保温发展的模式,在综述国内外设施农业发展的现状和趋势的基础上,针对位于吉林省长春市朝阳区永春乡日光温室的保温及采光状况,进行了温室内外光照、温度的测定;通过数据分析,初步掌握温室的保温、采光性能;并由试验数据分析了采光状况与温度之间的关系。通过对试验数据分析可知,温室内光照的强弱是由温室外光照的强度和温室的透光率决定的,温室内的温度随着温室外气温和光照的变化而变化。通过对目前我国北方温室主要采用的保温方式进行了分析总结;根据实验日光温室状况,结合日光温室保温原理,对内保温幕及地中热交换器两项保温措施的保温效果进行了测定研究,对提高日光温室保温性,增加经济效益,为节能日光温室保温建造提供有力参考。
In this study,the test is made on a greenhouse located in Yongchun in south Changchun constructed by Jilin Academy of Agricultural Machinery. Through analysis on the data collected from the greenhouse to understand effect of lighting,insulation,thermal insulation and heat preservation quilt on thermal insulation performance.The main conclusions drawn are as follows:
(1) Light distribution inside the greenhouse is non-uniform and dynamic changing.It can be concluded through experiments:the most important factors that impact the greenhouse light environment are sun position and light transmittance.
(2) Temperature distribution inside the greenhouse is also non-uniform and dynamic.Through the analysis of observational data,we can see that temperature and light are closely linked.Therefore,light is another important factor that affect the heat preservation measures.
(3) Through the experimental determination we can concludes that inside thermal insulation curtain can increase the maximum night temperature in greenhouse up to 3-4℃.
(4) By using of underground heat exchanger,ground temperature in greenhouse can rise up to 2℃.
引文
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[2]张福墁.设施园艺工程与我国农业现代化[J].农门议题,2000(1):2-3
[3]陈友.高寒地区日光节能温室特点与发展趋势[J].北方园艺,1998,123(6):1-2
[4]陈友.节能温室大棚建造与管理[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1998
[5]张福墁.设施园艺工程与我国农业现代化[J].农门议题,2000(1):2-3
[6]姜敏,吴铮.我国设施园艺为何“大而不强”[J].瞭望新闻周刊,2006(32):49-50
[7]程季珍,程伯瑛,郭素英.山西省日光温室结构及材料研究[J].农业工程技术:温室园艺,2006(7):13-14
[8]佟国红,李保明.日光温室内各表面太阳辐射照度的模拟计算[J].中国农业大学学报,2006,11(1):61-65
[9]陈端生.日光温室采光和保温设计要点[J].新疆农机化,2004(3):51-53
[10]李有,张述景,王谦,等.日光温室采光面三效率计算模式及其优化选择研究(J).生物数学学报,2001.16(2):198-203
[11]王静,崔庆法.不同结构日光温室光环境及补光研究[J].农业工程学报,2002,18(4):86-89
[12]李晓豁.日光温室采光性能的模拟分析[J].黑龙江科技学院学报,2005(2):90-92
[13]周长吉,孙山,吴德让.日光温室前屋面采光性能的优化[J].农业工程学报,1993,9(4):58-60
[14]陈端生.中国节能型日光温室建筑与环境研究进展[J].农业工程学报,1994,10(1):123-129
[15]吴毅明,孙忠富,曹永华,等.日光温室中直射光的计算机模拟方法——设施农业光环境模拟分析研究之三[J].农业工程学报,1993(1):73-79
[16]周长吉.日光温室结构优化设计及综合配套技术(四):日光温室围护结构—墙体的保温性能[J].农村实用工程技术:温室园艺,1999(4):7
[17]佟国红,王铁良,白义奎等.日光温室墙体传热特性的研究[J].农业工程学报,2003(3):186-189
[18]白义奎,王铁良,李天来等.缀铝箔聚苯板空心墙体保温性能理论研究[J].农业工程学报,2003(3):190-195
[19]李小芳,陈青云.墙体材料及其组合对日光温室墙体保温性能的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2006(4):185-189
[20]张立芸,徐刚毅,马承伟等.日光温室新型墙体结构性能分析[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2006(3):459-45
[21]齐刚.温室保温幕系统热环境模型的计算机仿真及其经济性优化分析:[硕士论文].北京:北京农业工程大学,1990
[22]周长吉,程勤阳等.缀铝膜保温幕保温性能测试分析,农业工程学报,1999,15(3):191-195
[23]凌坚,马承伟,林聪等.温室缀铝膜保温幕节能性能的实验研究初报[J].农业工程学报,2002,18(1):89-92
[24]蔡龙俊,杨琳.连栋温室内保温幕节能效果的研究分析[J].农业工程学报,2002,18(6):98-102
[25]崔庆法,王静.连栋温室可移动式双层内保温幕保温节能效果初探[J].农业工程学报,2002,18(6):111-114
[26]李海明,崔庆法.连栋温室简易内保温幕保温节能研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2005,13(2):173-175
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[28]王耀林.遮阳网与不织布及防寒保温外覆盖材料[J].农村实用工程技术,1997(3):8-9
[29]陈端生.中国节能日光温室建筑与环境研究进展[J].农业工程学报,1994,10(1):123-129
[30]邱仲华,宋明军.一种复合保温覆盖材料研制和应用初报[J].农业工程学 报,1995,11(4):117-120
[31]宋明军.日光温室新型外覆盖保温材料的研制及性能研究[D].甘肃农业大学,2005
[32]齐刚,董仁杰,刘道启.一种温室覆盖新型材料蜂窝塑膜[J].北京农业工程学报,1992,12(1):52-56
[33]董仁杰,吕钊钦,齐刚等.蜂窝塑膜温室覆盖材料性能试验研究[J].山东农业大学学报,1993,24(1):30-36
[34]周新群,董仁杰,张淑敏等.日光温室外保温蜂窝结构覆盖材料的研究[J].农业工程学报,1998,14(4):159-163
[35]周长吉,周新群,桂金光.几种日光温室复合保温被保温性能分析[J].农业工程学报,1999,15(2):168-171
[36]李化龙,刘新生,范彩兰等.日光温室反辐射式保温被的开发与特性研究[J].陕西气象,2001(1):24-26
[37]刘义玲.沈农Ⅱ型热镜保温被[J].新农业,2000(3):51
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