认知差分跳频通信网络抗干扰技术研究
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摘要
自上世纪90年代,美军披露差分跳频技术以来,其凭借良好的抗干扰、抗截获性能受到军界与学界的关注。数字化战场的作战模式正从以平台为中心转向以网络为中心的今天,差分跳频系统的多址性能不佳,制约了差分跳频组网技术的发展。认知无线电技术的出现,使用户能够感知射频环境,寻找可用频谱资源,并实现动态频谱接入。这种智能无线电技术,被公认为未来解决干扰与频谱资源枯竭问题的良药。
本论文根据差分跳频与认知无线电技术的特点,设计出认知差分跳频网络结构,并借助干扰温度模型,结合图论中的IC着色理论和组合数学中的拉丁方理论,提出干扰温度多址算法与自适应跳频频率集原理,以解决制约传统差分跳频组网性能的多址干扰问题。
本论文所开展的研究工作主要包括以下几个方面：
1.认知差分跳频网络模型：本文提出了认知差分跳频收发机的结构,并在此基础上提出认知差分跳频网络的模型,针对军事通信网中的典型需求和网络环境,设计出具体的MAC层和链路层协议。并对网络性能作出了分析与讨论。
2.以频谱感知技术为基础的差分跳频频率集自适应优化(FSAO):针对电子战中部分频带干扰和多音干扰对差分跳频系统的性能影响问题,本文提出了差分跳频频率集的自适应优化方法,可以在宽带感知并发现可用频谱的基础上,动态选取干净频点,自适应调整差分跳频频率集。
3.干扰温度多址接入模型：对传统差分跳频网络多址干扰严重的问题,本文提出一种全新的多址接入方式。以IC着色理论为基础,通过约束发射机的干扰温度,使它们在接收机处正交的方法,可以消除网内一定数量用户的多址干扰。
4.频率子集动态正交分配原理：对于扰温度多址接入模型不适用于大规模网络的问题。本文提出一种多用户跳频频率子集动态正交的分配原理。该原理以拉丁方为理论基础,将频率集分配成若干个动态正交频率子集提供给多用户使用,达到消除多址干扰的目的。针对大规模网络,提出干扰温度多址接入与频率子集动态正交分配技术复合使用的方法,有效降低全网多址干扰。
The research on Differential Frequency Hopping (DFH) has been an active area in military and academic society since 1990s, when it revealed by U.S. Army. The performance of anti-jamming and anti-interception are favoring. In recent years, digital battlefield combat mode is shifted from a platform centric to network-centric. But DFH networking technology has been restricted by the poor performance of multiple accesses. Cognitive radio (CR) users can use the CR technology to sense the surrounding RF environment, search for available spectrum resources and access spectrum dynamically. This smart radio technology was recognized as the miracle drug to resolve the interference and spectrum resource depletion in futurity.
This thesis addresses on Multiple Access Interference (MAI) and anti-jamming of the DFH network. According to the characteristics of DFH and CR technology, the CogDFH network architecture is proposed. Based on the Interference Temperature (IT) model, the IC-colorings of graphs and the Latin squares of applied mathematics, some novel algorithms are proposed.
The contributions of this thesis include:
1. The CogDFH network architecture:This thesis proposes the CogDFH transceiver. According to the trait of the military communications scenario, the CogDFH network architecture is proposed, and the MAC layer and link layer protocol are studied. Then simulations of the CogDFH network are performed.
2. The spectrum sensing based frequency set adaptive optimization (FSAO) algorithm: In order to avoid Partial Band Jamming (PBJ) and Multi-Tone Jamming (MTJ), this thesis proposes the frequency set adaptive optimization (FSAO) algorithm. FSAO users can sense and get the clean frequencies information, then chose some of the frequencies for an adaptive frequency set.
3. The IT model based multiple access (IC-ITMA) algorithm:A novel multiple access algorithm is proposed to restrain the MAI of DFH networks. This algorithm is based on the IT model, the IC-colorings and IC-indices of graphs. In short, the interference temperatures on the detection trellis at the receiving antenna, which are caused by the transmitters, are restricted and measured by the receiver. The transmitters can be distinguished by the dissimilar values of the interference temperatures. The maximal IC-coloring method is used to compute the predisposed value of each user's interference temperature.
4. The frequency micro-sets dissimilar adaptive optimization algorithm:The Latin squares based frequency set adaptive optimization (LS-FSAO) algorithm is proposed. In short, the frequency set is divided into many frequency micro-sets after the spectrum sensing, and the micro-sets are assigned to DFH users with dynamic Latin squares. The users'frequency micro-sets are dissimilar during a same time slot to cut down the MAI. For a Large-scale CogDFH network, this thesis proposes a LS-FSAO aid IC-ITMA model, and it can obtain favorable network performance.
本论文根据差分跳频与认知无线电技术的特点,设计出认知差分跳频网络结构,并借助干扰温度模型,结合图论中的IC着色理论和组合数学中的拉丁方理论,提出干扰温度多址算法与自适应跳频频率集原理,以解决制约传统差分跳频组网性能的多址干扰问题。
本论文所开展的研究工作主要包括以下几个方面：
1.认知差分跳频网络模型：本文提出了认知差分跳频收发机的结构,并在此基础上提出认知差分跳频网络的模型,针对军事通信网中的典型需求和网络环境,设计出具体的MAC层和链路层协议。并对网络性能作出了分析与讨论。
2.以频谱感知技术为基础的差分跳频频率集自适应优化(FSAO):针对电子战中部分频带干扰和多音干扰对差分跳频系统的性能影响问题,本文提出了差分跳频频率集的自适应优化方法,可以在宽带感知并发现可用频谱的基础上,动态选取干净频点,自适应调整差分跳频频率集。
3.干扰温度多址接入模型：对传统差分跳频网络多址干扰严重的问题,本文提出一种全新的多址接入方式。以IC着色理论为基础,通过约束发射机的干扰温度,使它们在接收机处正交的方法,可以消除网内一定数量用户的多址干扰。
4.频率子集动态正交分配原理：对于扰温度多址接入模型不适用于大规模网络的问题。本文提出一种多用户跳频频率子集动态正交的分配原理。该原理以拉丁方为理论基础,将频率集分配成若干个动态正交频率子集提供给多用户使用,达到消除多址干扰的目的。针对大规模网络,提出干扰温度多址接入与频率子集动态正交分配技术复合使用的方法,有效降低全网多址干扰。
The research on Differential Frequency Hopping (DFH) has been an active area in military and academic society since 1990s, when it revealed by U.S. Army. The performance of anti-jamming and anti-interception are favoring. In recent years, digital battlefield combat mode is shifted from a platform centric to network-centric. But DFH networking technology has been restricted by the poor performance of multiple accesses. Cognitive radio (CR) users can use the CR technology to sense the surrounding RF environment, search for available spectrum resources and access spectrum dynamically. This smart radio technology was recognized as the miracle drug to resolve the interference and spectrum resource depletion in futurity.
This thesis addresses on Multiple Access Interference (MAI) and anti-jamming of the DFH network. According to the characteristics of DFH and CR technology, the CogDFH network architecture is proposed. Based on the Interference Temperature (IT) model, the IC-colorings of graphs and the Latin squares of applied mathematics, some novel algorithms are proposed.
The contributions of this thesis include:
1. The CogDFH network architecture:This thesis proposes the CogDFH transceiver. According to the trait of the military communications scenario, the CogDFH network architecture is proposed, and the MAC layer and link layer protocol are studied. Then simulations of the CogDFH network are performed.
2. The spectrum sensing based frequency set adaptive optimization (FSAO) algorithm: In order to avoid Partial Band Jamming (PBJ) and Multi-Tone Jamming (MTJ), this thesis proposes the frequency set adaptive optimization (FSAO) algorithm. FSAO users can sense and get the clean frequencies information, then chose some of the frequencies for an adaptive frequency set.
3. The IT model based multiple access (IC-ITMA) algorithm:A novel multiple access algorithm is proposed to restrain the MAI of DFH networks. This algorithm is based on the IT model, the IC-colorings and IC-indices of graphs. In short, the interference temperatures on the detection trellis at the receiving antenna, which are caused by the transmitters, are restricted and measured by the receiver. The transmitters can be distinguished by the dissimilar values of the interference temperatures. The maximal IC-coloring method is used to compute the predisposed value of each user's interference temperature.
4. The frequency micro-sets dissimilar adaptive optimization algorithm:The Latin squares based frequency set adaptive optimization (LS-FSAO) algorithm is proposed. In short, the frequency set is divided into many frequency micro-sets after the spectrum sensing, and the micro-sets are assigned to DFH users with dynamic Latin squares. The users'frequency micro-sets are dissimilar during a same time slot to cut down the MAI. For a Large-scale CogDFH network, this thesis proposes a LS-FSAO aid IC-ITMA model, and it can obtain favorable network performance.
引文
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