递纸机构弹性的套印误差映射研究
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摘要
递纸机构是单张纸印刷机中的关键部件之一,而偏心上摆式递纸机构在胶印机中的使用非常广泛,具有一定的典型性和代表性,其印刷精度的高低直接影响到印刷品的质量。本论文以YP1A1H递纸机构为原型,运用机构学原理和现代动态分析理论,对机构进行结构及弹性分析,考虑凸轮加工误差及构件弹性变形,对递纸牙端运动轨迹的误差映射进行研究,利用计算机仿真技术对几种常用从动件运动规律下机构的动、静态误差及其综合误差进行了对比分析。
本论文的主要工作包括如下内容:
(1)对机构进行了运动分析,分别选取四种常见的从动件运动规律,建立了递纸牙运动特性与凸轮轮廓的对应关系。
(2)对机构进行静态结构分析,根据矢量关系分析,揭示凸轮型面的加工制造误差的递纸牙运动位移误差映射关系。研究表明:不同运动规律下产生的位移误差有所差异。
(3)对递纸机构进行弹性动力学分析,首先对各构件的弹性变形进行了分析计算,然后求解出因此导致的递纸牙运动位移误差。研究表明:随着机器运行速度的提高,动态运动误差呈增长趋势。
(4)考虑机构的动、静态原始误差,对机构进行了综合误差分析。研究表明:在取纸点,静态误差映射起主要作用;而在交接点,动态误差映射占统治地位。
(5)结合VC和Matlab编写了递纸机构误差映射的结果比较的演示界面。
通过课题研究,完成上述工作,达到预想目标,使机构适应更高的运动转速和合适的凸轮型面加工的允许误差范围。
Sheet transfer mechanism is a key part of an offset press and the eccentricity swing sheet-transferring mechanism is widely used in the offset printing machine. Its precision will affect the speed of printing and the quality of printing product directly. This paper took YP1A1H sheet-transferring mechanism as a model, through using mechanism principle and modern dynamic analyzing and designing principle, the elastic dynamics of the mechanism is analyzed, the error of the motion track of the sheet-transferring gripper which affected by the processing error of the cam and the elastic distortion of the component is researched and analyzed, the dynamic and static state of the mechanism under different motion laws is compared.
This paper includes the key points in the listed below:
(1)The mechanism's motion is analyzed and the outline curve of the cam is acquired by using reversal resolution. Using plural vector method, selecting four different motion laws of the mechanism follower, the relation between sheet-transferring gripper's motion character and the outline curve of cam is established.
(2)The static configuration of the mechanism is analyzed, the relation between placement error of the sheet-transferring gripper and processing and manufacturing error of the outline curve of the cam is reflected according to vector relation. It is indicated that displacement error is different under different motion law.
(3)The elastic kinetics of the sheet-transferring mechanism is analyzed, first analyze and calculate elastic distortion of the mechanism, then work out displacement error of the sheet-transferring gripper which affected thereby. It is indicated that dynamic motion error is proportioned with the machine speed.
(4)Considered original error, comprehensive analysis of the mechanism is done from both dynamic and static sides. It is indicated that the static error most effect sheet-fetching point and the dynamic error dominate sheet-connecting point.
(5)Comparing demo of the sheet-transferring mechanism is compiled by using Visual C++ and MATLAB, which reflects the error.
Through researching, the job above is done and the expected goal is reached, which make the mechanism work in a more higher rotate speed and control the processing error of the cam in a permitted area.
本论文的主要工作包括如下内容:
(1)对机构进行了运动分析,分别选取四种常见的从动件运动规律,建立了递纸牙运动特性与凸轮轮廓的对应关系。
(2)对机构进行静态结构分析,根据矢量关系分析,揭示凸轮型面的加工制造误差的递纸牙运动位移误差映射关系。研究表明:不同运动规律下产生的位移误差有所差异。
(3)对递纸机构进行弹性动力学分析,首先对各构件的弹性变形进行了分析计算,然后求解出因此导致的递纸牙运动位移误差。研究表明:随着机器运行速度的提高,动态运动误差呈增长趋势。
(4)考虑机构的动、静态原始误差,对机构进行了综合误差分析。研究表明:在取纸点,静态误差映射起主要作用;而在交接点,动态误差映射占统治地位。
(5)结合VC和Matlab编写了递纸机构误差映射的结果比较的演示界面。
通过课题研究,完成上述工作,达到预想目标,使机构适应更高的运动转速和合适的凸轮型面加工的允许误差范围。
Sheet transfer mechanism is a key part of an offset press and the eccentricity swing sheet-transferring mechanism is widely used in the offset printing machine. Its precision will affect the speed of printing and the quality of printing product directly. This paper took YP1A1H sheet-transferring mechanism as a model, through using mechanism principle and modern dynamic analyzing and designing principle, the elastic dynamics of the mechanism is analyzed, the error of the motion track of the sheet-transferring gripper which affected by the processing error of the cam and the elastic distortion of the component is researched and analyzed, the dynamic and static state of the mechanism under different motion laws is compared.
This paper includes the key points in the listed below:
(1)The mechanism's motion is analyzed and the outline curve of the cam is acquired by using reversal resolution. Using plural vector method, selecting four different motion laws of the mechanism follower, the relation between sheet-transferring gripper's motion character and the outline curve of cam is established.
(2)The static configuration of the mechanism is analyzed, the relation between placement error of the sheet-transferring gripper and processing and manufacturing error of the outline curve of the cam is reflected according to vector relation. It is indicated that displacement error is different under different motion law.
(3)The elastic kinetics of the sheet-transferring mechanism is analyzed, first analyze and calculate elastic distortion of the mechanism, then work out displacement error of the sheet-transferring gripper which affected thereby. It is indicated that dynamic motion error is proportioned with the machine speed.
(4)Considered original error, comprehensive analysis of the mechanism is done from both dynamic and static sides. It is indicated that the static error most effect sheet-fetching point and the dynamic error dominate sheet-connecting point.
(5)Comparing demo of the sheet-transferring mechanism is compiled by using Visual C++ and MATLAB, which reflects the error.
Through researching, the job above is done and the expected goal is reached, which make the mechanism work in a more higher rotate speed and control the processing error of the cam in a permitted area.
引文
[1]成刚虎.印刷机械[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,2007.4
[2]张海燕.印刷机设计[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,2006
[3]黄康生.轮转机的设计和计算[M].西安:西安理工大学翻印,1993
[4]冯昌伦.胶印机的使用与调节[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,1994
[5]王淑华,许鑫.印刷机结构与设计[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,1994
[6]张海燕.印刷机现代设计方法[M].西安:西安理工大学翻印,2002
[7]瞿根梅.印刷机机构原理[M].上海交通大学出版社,1988
[8]张伟.胶印机递纸机构的特性研究及仿真设计:[硕士学位论文][D].西安:西安理工大学,2004
[9]朱先梅.递纸机构中共轭凸轮的结构设计及其参数化设计:[硕士学位论文][D].西安:西安理工大学,2004
[10]管荣法.凸轮与凸轮机构基础[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1985
[11]彭国勋,肖正扬.自动机械的凸轮机构设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1990
[12]石永刚,徐振华.凸轮机构设计[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1995
[13]段亚娟.偏心上摆式递纸机构的动力分析及其仿真:[硕士学位论文][D].西安:西安理工大学,2006
[14]李艳.胶印机偏心摆动式递纸机构的特性分析与参数化设计:[硕士学位论文][D].西安:西安理工大学,2007
[15]张策.机械动力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000
[16]蔡吉飞,张祖明,赵鸿宾.偏心回转摆动式递纸机构的动力分析[J].北京印刷学院学报,1997,5(1):3-15
[17]张策等.弹性连杆机构的分析与设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1985
[18]张策等.平面连杆机构的运动弹性动力学[J].机械设计.1984
[19]蔡吉飞等.偏心回转摆动式递纸机构的弹性动力分析.今日印刷[J],1997.2
[20]M.P.柯斯特著,管荣法译.凸轮机构的振动[M].安徽科学技术出版社,1992
[21]张宪民,刘宏昭,曹惟庆.高速弹性机构动力学模型及其解的研究[J].工程力学,1995,12(1):72-81
[22]马永有,张辉.高速凸轮从动件系统动力学模型的建立与动态分析[J].机械,2002,29(5):7-10
[23]薛定宇.控制系统计算机辅助设计——MATLAB语言及应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996
[24]和克智.C++程序设计[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1995.7
[25]李博轩.Visual C++6.0多媒体开发指南[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000
[26]官章全,刘加明.Visual C++6.0类库大全[M].北京:电子工业出版社 1999.12
[27]袁士杰,吕哲勤.多刚体系统动力学[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1992
[28]S.H.Masood.A CAD/CAM System for High Performance Percision Dram Cams The international Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 1999.1(1):32-37
[29]Robert L Norton.Effect of manufacturing method on dynamic performance of cams-an experimental study part Ⅱ-double dwell cams Mechanism and Machine Theory 1988(3):201-208
[30]L-I Wu.Calculating conjugate cam profiles by vector equations[C].Proceedings of the IMECHE Part C Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,Volume 217,Number 10,1 October 2003,pp.1117-1123
[31]Andrew Pytel,Jaan Kiusalaas.Engineering Mechanics[M].Beijing:TsingHua University Press,2001
[32]Stephen J.Chapman.MATLAB Programming for Engineers[M].BeiJing:Science Press,2003
[33]Charles E.Wilson,J.Peter Sadler,Walter J.Michels.Kinematics and Dynamics of Machinery.Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data[J],1983
[34]Robert L.Norton.Design of Machinery.Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data[J],2002,345-429
[35]Yan H S,et al.A Variable-speed Method for Improving Motion Characteristics of Cam-follower system[J].Trans.ASME,J.Of Mech.Des.,1996,118(6):199-202
[36]Yan H S,et al.An Experimental Study of the Effect of Cam speeds on Cam-Follower Systems[J].Mech Mach.Theory,1996,31(4):205-207
[2]张海燕.印刷机设计[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,2006
[3]黄康生.轮转机的设计和计算[M].西安:西安理工大学翻印,1993
[4]冯昌伦.胶印机的使用与调节[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,1994
[5]王淑华,许鑫.印刷机结构与设计[M].北京:印刷工业出版社,1994
[6]张海燕.印刷机现代设计方法[M].西安:西安理工大学翻印,2002
[7]瞿根梅.印刷机机构原理[M].上海交通大学出版社,1988
[8]张伟.胶印机递纸机构的特性研究及仿真设计:[硕士学位论文][D].西安:西安理工大学,2004
[9]朱先梅.递纸机构中共轭凸轮的结构设计及其参数化设计:[硕士学位论文][D].西安:西安理工大学,2004
[10]管荣法.凸轮与凸轮机构基础[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1985
[11]彭国勋,肖正扬.自动机械的凸轮机构设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1990
[12]石永刚,徐振华.凸轮机构设计[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1995
[13]段亚娟.偏心上摆式递纸机构的动力分析及其仿真:[硕士学位论文][D].西安:西安理工大学,2006
[14]李艳.胶印机偏心摆动式递纸机构的特性分析与参数化设计:[硕士学位论文][D].西安:西安理工大学,2007
[15]张策.机械动力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000
[16]蔡吉飞,张祖明,赵鸿宾.偏心回转摆动式递纸机构的动力分析[J].北京印刷学院学报,1997,5(1):3-15
[17]张策等.弹性连杆机构的分析与设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1985
[18]张策等.平面连杆机构的运动弹性动力学[J].机械设计.1984
[19]蔡吉飞等.偏心回转摆动式递纸机构的弹性动力分析.今日印刷[J],1997.2
[20]M.P.柯斯特著,管荣法译.凸轮机构的振动[M].安徽科学技术出版社,1992
[21]张宪民,刘宏昭,曹惟庆.高速弹性机构动力学模型及其解的研究[J].工程力学,1995,12(1):72-81
[22]马永有,张辉.高速凸轮从动件系统动力学模型的建立与动态分析[J].机械,2002,29(5):7-10
[23]薛定宇.控制系统计算机辅助设计——MATLAB语言及应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996
[24]和克智.C++程序设计[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1995.7
[25]李博轩.Visual C++6.0多媒体开发指南[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000
[26]官章全,刘加明.Visual C++6.0类库大全[M].北京:电子工业出版社 1999.12
[27]袁士杰,吕哲勤.多刚体系统动力学[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1992
[28]S.H.Masood.A CAD/CAM System for High Performance Percision Dram Cams The international Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 1999.1(1):32-37
[29]Robert L Norton.Effect of manufacturing method on dynamic performance of cams-an experimental study part Ⅱ-double dwell cams Mechanism and Machine Theory 1988(3):201-208
[30]L-I Wu.Calculating conjugate cam profiles by vector equations[C].Proceedings of the IMECHE Part C Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,Volume 217,Number 10,1 October 2003,pp.1117-1123
[31]Andrew Pytel,Jaan Kiusalaas.Engineering Mechanics[M].Beijing:TsingHua University Press,2001
[32]Stephen J.Chapman.MATLAB Programming for Engineers[M].BeiJing:Science Press,2003
[33]Charles E.Wilson,J.Peter Sadler,Walter J.Michels.Kinematics and Dynamics of Machinery.Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data[J],1983
[34]Robert L.Norton.Design of Machinery.Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data[J],2002,345-429
[35]Yan H S,et al.A Variable-speed Method for Improving Motion Characteristics of Cam-follower system[J].Trans.ASME,J.Of Mech.Des.,1996,118(6):199-202
[36]Yan H S,et al.An Experimental Study of the Effect of Cam speeds on Cam-Follower Systems[J].Mech Mach.Theory,1996,31(4):205-207