循环流化床锅炉用旋风分离器分离性能的实验研究
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摘要
结合水煤浆悬浮-流化燃烧的特点,研究了不同操作参数和颗粒物性参数对循环流化床锅炉用直切式旋风分离器分离性能的影响规律。结果表明:随着入口气速和入口颗粒浓度的增加,分离效率会出现一个最大值;对粒度相差较大的物料,分离效率随入口颗粒粒度的增大而增大,而对粒度相差不大的物料,密度对分离效率的影响更为明显。
分别采用五孔球探针测试仪及等动采样法对旋风分离器内时均流场和颗粒浓度分布进行了较为全面、详细的测定,分析了流场和颗粒浓度场分布对分离器分离性能的影响。结果表明:环形空间的纵向环流和滞留层会导致“顶灰环”现象;排气芯管下端附近的短路流会把部分未被分离的细小颗粒直接从芯管带出去;锥形空间靠近排尘口处上升气流对小颗粒产生返混夹带作用,以上因素均会导致分离器分离效率的降低。上述测量结果为循环流化床锅炉用直切式旋风分离器分离机理的研究及结构参数的优化设计提供了参考依据。
These experiments according to the characteristics of fluidize-suspension burning of coal water mixture in circulating fluidized bed boiler, the effects of operation parameters and physical property of particle on separation performance were studied by measuring separation performance of cut-in style cyclone separator used in the circulating fluidized bed boiler under different operation parameters. Based on the measured results, separate efficiency will appear the biggest value when inlet air velocity and particle concentration increase; separationperformance will increase along with increase of particle size when particle size is more difference, the effect of concentration of inlet particle to separation performance will distinctwhen inlet particle size is similar.
The distribution of gas flow field and particle concentration in the cut-in style cyclone were measured with five-orifice pitot tube and by means of isokinetic sampling method,analyze influence of flow field and particle concentration to separation performance of cyclone. Based on the measured results, portrait circumfluence and stagnation velocity layerin annulus space can result in top ash loop; there is a short circuit flow near the bottom of the vortex finder, which can carry the particle out directly; near the dust discharge port, in the section of the cone of the separator there is a re-entrainment of small particle by rise air. Allof them can lower the efficiency of the cyclone separators. All results above provided a base for further research on the cut-in style cyclone separator used in the circulating fluidized bed boiler and design of structural parameter of cyclone separator.
分别采用五孔球探针测试仪及等动采样法对旋风分离器内时均流场和颗粒浓度分布进行了较为全面、详细的测定,分析了流场和颗粒浓度场分布对分离器分离性能的影响。结果表明:环形空间的纵向环流和滞留层会导致“顶灰环”现象;排气芯管下端附近的短路流会把部分未被分离的细小颗粒直接从芯管带出去;锥形空间靠近排尘口处上升气流对小颗粒产生返混夹带作用,以上因素均会导致分离器分离效率的降低。上述测量结果为循环流化床锅炉用直切式旋风分离器分离机理的研究及结构参数的优化设计提供了参考依据。
These experiments according to the characteristics of fluidize-suspension burning of coal water mixture in circulating fluidized bed boiler, the effects of operation parameters and physical property of particle on separation performance were studied by measuring separation performance of cut-in style cyclone separator used in the circulating fluidized bed boiler under different operation parameters. Based on the measured results, separate efficiency will appear the biggest value when inlet air velocity and particle concentration increase; separationperformance will increase along with increase of particle size when particle size is more difference, the effect of concentration of inlet particle to separation performance will distinctwhen inlet particle size is similar.
The distribution of gas flow field and particle concentration in the cut-in style cyclone were measured with five-orifice pitot tube and by means of isokinetic sampling method,analyze influence of flow field and particle concentration to separation performance of cyclone. Based on the measured results, portrait circumfluence and stagnation velocity layerin annulus space can result in top ash loop; there is a short circuit flow near the bottom of the vortex finder, which can carry the particle out directly; near the dust discharge port, in the section of the cone of the separator there is a re-entrainment of small particle by rise air. Allof them can lower the efficiency of the cyclone separators. All results above provided a base for further research on the cut-in style cyclone separator used in the circulating fluidized bed boiler and design of structural parameter of cyclone separator.
引文
[1]邵李风.循环流化床锅炉简介.浙江电力,1997,(6):68~70
[2]李军,刘汉周,卢啸风.循环流化床锅炉旋风分离器的最新发展.能源研究与信息,2004,20(2):45~48
[3]李春贵.洁净煤燃烧—水煤浆应用技术.大众科技,2005,83(9):82~84
[4]姜秀民,马玉峰,崔志刚等.水煤浆流化悬浮高效洁净燃烧技术研究与应用.化学工程,2006,34(1):62~65
[5]时均,汪家鼎,余国琮等.化学工程手册(第二版,下卷,第23篇).北京:化学工业出版社,1996
[6]陈明绍.除尘技术的基本理论与应用.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.1999,20(2):65~68
[7]李文.锅炉应用旋风除尘器除尘的影响因素分析.云南环境科学,2006,25(增刊1):56~58
[8]陈宏基,姜大志.旋风除尘器的性能及改进方案.化工环保,2005年第25卷第5期
[9]吴小林,曹颖,黄学东等.PV型旋风分离器内颗粒浓度分布的研究.全国化学工程年会论文集,1994
[10]Wu Xiaolin, Sun Tao, Cao Ying et al.The Influence of Configuration and Operation Parameters on Particle Concentration Distribution in Cyclone Separator.Proceedings of 2nd CHINA-JAPAN Joint International Conference on Filtration & Separation, 1994: 285~289
[11]刘爱林,孙国刚,时铭显等.催化裂化旋风分离器型式的对比试验.石油炼制,1988,(7):14~20
[12]Luo Xiaolan, Chen Jianyi, Jin Youhai et al.Research on the Effect of the Inlet Particle Concentration upon the Performance of Cyclone Separators.Proceedings of 6th World Filtration Congress, 1993: 463~468
[13]Muschelknautz E.Die Berechnung von Zyklonabscheidern Für Gase.Chemie-In-g. -Techn., 1970, 44(5): 1~12
[14]陈建义,罗晓兰,时铭显.含尘条件下PV型旋风分离器压降的计算.石油化工设备技术,1997,18(4):1~3
[15]A.C.Hoffmann, L.E.Stein.旋风分离器—原理、设计和工程应用.彭维明,姬忠礼(译).北京:化学工业出版社,2004:128~136
[16]金有海,刘国荣,杜美华等.EPVC系列旋风管的结构优化研究.化工机械,1997,24(2):111~116
[17]王建军,金有海.旋风管不同排尘结构内流场及颗粒浓度场分析.化学工程,2003.
[18]宗润宽,卢泽,苏艳霞等.五孔球探针旋转流场测量的应用方法与误差探讨.实验室研究与探索.2004;23(5):29~30
[19]沈恒根.旋风分离器流场五孔探针测试研究.通风除尘,1995;No.314~15
[20]吴嘉.流速测量方法综述及仪器的最新进展.计测技术,2005;25(6): 1~4
[21]盛森芝,徐月婷,袁辉靖.近十年来流动测量技术的新发展.力学与践,2002;22(5):1~13
[22]刘子红,肖波,杨家宽.旋风分离器两相流研究综述.中国粉体技术.2003;9(3):41~44
[23]姬忠礼,时铭显.蜗壳式旋风分离器的流场分析[J].化工机械,1991;18(4):1~4
[24]彭维明.切向旋风分离器内部流场的数值模拟及实验研究[J].农业机械学报,2001;32(4):20~24
[25]胡跞元,时铭显.蜗壳式旋风分离器全空间三维时均流场的结构.化工学报,2003;21(4):547~554
[26]余占英,奚金祥,徐通模等.下排气旋风分离器流场的测定及数值模拟.动力工程,2002;22(5):1941~1944
[27]吴小林,申屠进华,姬忠礼.PV型旋风分离器内三维流场的数值模拟.石油学报(石油加工).2003;19(5):74~79
[28]陈雪莉,周增顺等.一种新型旋风分离器的流场和结构.化学工程,2005;33(2):416~419
[29]吴飞雪,董守平等.激光粒子成像技术测定旋风分离器内颗粒浓度场的实验研究.石油大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(6):72~76
[30]王海刚,刘石,姜凡等.电容层析成像技术在旋风分离器固体浓度测量中的应用.中国机电工程学报,2004,24(1):12~18
[31]张福根.粉体粒度测试技术.办公设备技术与信息,2004,24(4):28~31
[32]王建军.轴流导叶式旋风管内颗粒分离机理研究:[博士学位论文],石油大学(华东),东营:2003
[33]郭颖,王建军,金有海.轴流导叶式旋风管内气固两相流的实验研究.石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,29(3):96~100
[34]王建军.PDC型高效旋风管性能计算方法的研究:[硕士学位论文],石油大学(华东),东营:1998
[35]B.Reinhardt, A.Cordonnier, P. Florent.Use of isokinetic sampling probe. Results in a cyclone.Powder Technology, 1999, 101(1): 81~90
[36]吴小林,黄学东,时铭显.旋风分离器的颗粒浓度分布的实验研究.石油大学学报(自然科学版),1993,17(4):54~59
[37]Cao Ying, Sun Tao, Wu Xiaolin et al.Study on Fine Particle Entrainment from Dust Hopper of the Cyclone Separator.Proceedings of 2nd CHINA-JAPAN InternationalConference on Filtration & Separation, 1994: 281~284
[38]黄梓友,王建军.PDC型旋风管内颗粒浓度分布的实验研究.炼油设计,2001,31(12):28~31
[39]金有海,时铭显.含尘气体中颗粒采样与测定方法.石油大学学报(自然科学版),1990,14(4):51~60
[40]冯伯华.化学工程手册(第5卷,第21篇).北京:化学工业出版社,1989:64~81
[41]岑可法,倪明江等.循环流化床锅炉理论设计与运行.中国电力出版社,1997,(1),510~511
[2]李军,刘汉周,卢啸风.循环流化床锅炉旋风分离器的最新发展.能源研究与信息,2004,20(2):45~48
[3]李春贵.洁净煤燃烧—水煤浆应用技术.大众科技,2005,83(9):82~84
[4]姜秀民,马玉峰,崔志刚等.水煤浆流化悬浮高效洁净燃烧技术研究与应用.化学工程,2006,34(1):62~65
[5]时均,汪家鼎,余国琮等.化学工程手册(第二版,下卷,第23篇).北京:化学工业出版社,1996
[6]陈明绍.除尘技术的基本理论与应用.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.1999,20(2):65~68
[7]李文.锅炉应用旋风除尘器除尘的影响因素分析.云南环境科学,2006,25(增刊1):56~58
[8]陈宏基,姜大志.旋风除尘器的性能及改进方案.化工环保,2005年第25卷第5期
[9]吴小林,曹颖,黄学东等.PV型旋风分离器内颗粒浓度分布的研究.全国化学工程年会论文集,1994
[10]Wu Xiaolin, Sun Tao, Cao Ying et al.The Influence of Configuration and Operation Parameters on Particle Concentration Distribution in Cyclone Separator.Proceedings of 2nd CHINA-JAPAN Joint International Conference on Filtration & Separation, 1994: 285~289
[11]刘爱林,孙国刚,时铭显等.催化裂化旋风分离器型式的对比试验.石油炼制,1988,(7):14~20
[12]Luo Xiaolan, Chen Jianyi, Jin Youhai et al.Research on the Effect of the Inlet Particle Concentration upon the Performance of Cyclone Separators.Proceedings of 6th World Filtration Congress, 1993: 463~468
[13]Muschelknautz E.Die Berechnung von Zyklonabscheidern Für Gase.Chemie-In-g. -Techn., 1970, 44(5): 1~12
[14]陈建义,罗晓兰,时铭显.含尘条件下PV型旋风分离器压降的计算.石油化工设备技术,1997,18(4):1~3
[15]A.C.Hoffmann, L.E.Stein.旋风分离器—原理、设计和工程应用.彭维明,姬忠礼(译).北京:化学工业出版社,2004:128~136
[16]金有海,刘国荣,杜美华等.EPVC系列旋风管的结构优化研究.化工机械,1997,24(2):111~116
[17]王建军,金有海.旋风管不同排尘结构内流场及颗粒浓度场分析.化学工程,2003.
[18]宗润宽,卢泽,苏艳霞等.五孔球探针旋转流场测量的应用方法与误差探讨.实验室研究与探索.2004;23(5):29~30
[19]沈恒根.旋风分离器流场五孔探针测试研究.通风除尘,1995;No.314~15
[20]吴嘉.流速测量方法综述及仪器的最新进展.计测技术,2005;25(6): 1~4
[21]盛森芝,徐月婷,袁辉靖.近十年来流动测量技术的新发展.力学与践,2002;22(5):1~13
[22]刘子红,肖波,杨家宽.旋风分离器两相流研究综述.中国粉体技术.2003;9(3):41~44
[23]姬忠礼,时铭显.蜗壳式旋风分离器的流场分析[J].化工机械,1991;18(4):1~4
[24]彭维明.切向旋风分离器内部流场的数值模拟及实验研究[J].农业机械学报,2001;32(4):20~24
[25]胡跞元,时铭显.蜗壳式旋风分离器全空间三维时均流场的结构.化工学报,2003;21(4):547~554
[26]余占英,奚金祥,徐通模等.下排气旋风分离器流场的测定及数值模拟.动力工程,2002;22(5):1941~1944
[27]吴小林,申屠进华,姬忠礼.PV型旋风分离器内三维流场的数值模拟.石油学报(石油加工).2003;19(5):74~79
[28]陈雪莉,周增顺等.一种新型旋风分离器的流场和结构.化学工程,2005;33(2):416~419
[29]吴飞雪,董守平等.激光粒子成像技术测定旋风分离器内颗粒浓度场的实验研究.石油大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(6):72~76
[30]王海刚,刘石,姜凡等.电容层析成像技术在旋风分离器固体浓度测量中的应用.中国机电工程学报,2004,24(1):12~18
[31]张福根.粉体粒度测试技术.办公设备技术与信息,2004,24(4):28~31
[32]王建军.轴流导叶式旋风管内颗粒分离机理研究:[博士学位论文],石油大学(华东),东营:2003
[33]郭颖,王建军,金有海.轴流导叶式旋风管内气固两相流的实验研究.石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,29(3):96~100
[34]王建军.PDC型高效旋风管性能计算方法的研究:[硕士学位论文],石油大学(华东),东营:1998
[35]B.Reinhardt, A.Cordonnier, P. Florent.Use of isokinetic sampling probe. Results in a cyclone.Powder Technology, 1999, 101(1): 81~90
[36]吴小林,黄学东,时铭显.旋风分离器的颗粒浓度分布的实验研究.石油大学学报(自然科学版),1993,17(4):54~59
[37]Cao Ying, Sun Tao, Wu Xiaolin et al.Study on Fine Particle Entrainment from Dust Hopper of the Cyclone Separator.Proceedings of 2nd CHINA-JAPAN InternationalConference on Filtration & Separation, 1994: 281~284
[38]黄梓友,王建军.PDC型旋风管内颗粒浓度分布的实验研究.炼油设计,2001,31(12):28~31
[39]金有海,时铭显.含尘气体中颗粒采样与测定方法.石油大学学报(自然科学版),1990,14(4):51~60
[40]冯伯华.化学工程手册(第5卷,第21篇).北京:化学工业出版社,1989:64~81
[41]岑可法,倪明江等.循环流化床锅炉理论设计与运行.中国电力出版社,1997,(1),510~511